• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2017

Ni-base superalloy Haynes 282 was developed as a gas turbine material for use in the ultra-super-critical stage (USC) of next-generation coal-fired power plants. Temperatures in the USC stage exceed $700^{\circ}C$ during operation. In spite of its important role Haynes 282 in increasing the performance of high-pressure turbines, as a result of its high-temperature capability, there is little information on the microstructure, deformation mechanism, or mechanical properties of the cast condition of this alloy. The aim of present study is to examine the creep properties of cast alloy and compare with wrought alloy. The ${\gamma}^{\prime}-precipitates$ were coarsen with the increase of aging time ranging from 8 to 48 hrs. A creep test performed at $750^{\circ}C$ showed faster minimum creep rate and shorter rupture lifetime with the aging time. A creep test performed showed only a slight difference in the rupture life between cast and wrought products. Based on the creep test results, the deformation mechanism is discussed using fractographs.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권2호통권32호
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• pp.90-98
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• 1999

Boiler high-temperature pipelines such as main steam pipe, header and steam drum in fossil power plants are degraded by creep damage due to severe operationg conditions like high temperature and high pressure for an extended period time. Such material degradation lead to various component faliures causing serious accidents at the plant. Conventional measurement techniques such as replica method, electric resistance method, and hardness test method have such disadvantages as complex preparation and measurement procedures, too many control parameters, and therefore, low practicality and they were applied only to component surfaces with good accessibility. In this study, both artificial creep degradation test using life prediction formula and frequency analysis by ultrasonic tests for their preparing creep degraded specimens have been carried out for the purpose of nondestructive evaluation for creep damage which can occur in high-temperature pipelline of fossil power plant. As a result of ultrasonic tests for crept specimens, we confirmed that the high frequency side spectra decrease and central frequency components shift to low frequency bans, and bandwiths decrease as increasing creep damage in backwall echoes.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2005

A probabilistic approach for evaluating failure risk is suggested in this paper. Probabilistic fracture analyses were performed for a pressurized pipe of a Cr-Mo steel reflecting variation of material properties at high temperature. A crack was assumed to be located along the weld fusion line. Probability density functions of major variables were determined by statistical analyses of material creep and creep crack growth data measured by the previous experimental studies by authors. Distributions of these variables were implemented in Monte Carlo simulation of this study. As a fracture parameter for characterizing growth of a fusion line crack between two materials with different creep properties, $C_t$ normalized with $C^*$ was employed. And the elapsed time was also normalized with tT, Resultingly, failure probability as a function of operating time was evaluated fur various cases. Conventional deterministic life assessment result was turned out to be conservative compared with that of probabilistic result. Sensitivity analysis for each input variable was conducted to understand the most influencing variable to the analysis results. Internal pressure, creep crack growth coefficient and creep coefficient were more sensitive to failure probability than other variables.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.965-973
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• 2010

The small punch creep (SPC) test has recently received much attention as a new alternative to the conventional uniaxial creep test because it needs only a miniature-sized specimen directly detached from an operating system or component without any serious sampling damages. However, it is difficult to obtain the equivalent uniaxial creep data directly from the SPC data. As a specimen is deformed by a punch in the SPC test, the test result is sensitive to the friction between them. Finite element analyses with various friction coefficients was performed and showed a tendency of increased SPC life with an increased friction coefficient. The necking position predicted by the SPC simulation with a proper friction coefficient showed good agreement with that observed from the real SPC test. Finally, a noble method to convert the SPC load and displacement rate into the equivalent uniaxial creep stress and strain rate, respectively, was established in this study.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.202-205
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• 2010

In this paper, mechanical reliability(Life-time) estimation method for 25.8kV SIS(Solid Insulated Switchgear) has been studied. Recently enacted KEPCO's standard includes clause that have to submit a warrantable reliability data for life-time(over B10 25 years) of an epoxy-solid insulating material. Accordingly, this research was carried out on the ALT(Accelerated Life Test) and Life-Estimation method for SIS's insulating material. Mechanical life-time estimation for SIS's insulating material is to verify reliability for tensile creep & fatigue stress, which is the major mechanical stress of SIS. This study proved that SIS's reliability for mechanical stress and established that confidence for estimation results in further verification test.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 1985

본 연구는 오오스테나이트계 STS 316 스테인레스강에 대하여 온도 550.deg. C의 대 기중에서, 변형율제어에 의한 인장-압축에 크리이프 유지시간을 갖는 고온저사이클 피 로시험을 하여 변형율폭 및 크리이프 유지시간이 피로수명에 미치는 영향과 파단면을 주사형 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 크리이프-피로 상호작용이 피로파단면에 미치는 크리 이프 효과를 실험 고찰하였다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2003

광통신용 광학부품의 신뢰성 특성은 솔더 조인트의 열 사이클에 따른 소성(Plastic)과 크립(Creep) 변형에 가장 큰 영향을 받는다. 열 사이클에 따른 소성과 크립 변형 증가로 인해 정렬 틀어짐이 발생하며 이는 광손실 변화의 주요인이 된다. 또한, 소성과 크립 변형량이 증가 또는 계속 누적이 될 경우 솔더의 피로수명 한계로 인해 제품 불량 발생의 원인이 된다. 이러한 열적 사이클에 따른 광부품의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해 본 논문에서는 유한요소해석법(FEM)을 적용하였다. 소성과 크립 변형의 변화량을 유한요소해석으로 계산하고 이를 크립 피로 파괴(Creep-Fatigue) 수명 예측 모델에 적용하여 그 수명을 예측하였다. 솔더와 모재와의 계면 또는 솔더 내부에서 생성되는 온도에 따른 소성과 크립 변형을 파악하기 위해 텔코디아(Telcordia)의 광부품 신뢰성 온도 사이클(-40 to 75)을 적용하였다. 승온과 냉각 속도의 변화에 따른 영향을 검토하기 위해 1/min, 10/min 및 50/min으로 변화를 주고 유지 시간을 1시간으로 고정할 경우의 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2006

In this paper, creep tests of Mg-Zn-Mn and Mg-Zn-Mn-Ca alloys, which were casted by mold with Mg-3%Zn-1%Mn and Mg-3%Zn-1%Mn-0.2%Ca, were done under the temperature range of 473-573K and the stress range of 23.42-78.00Mpa. The activation energies and the stress exponents were measured to investigate the creep plastic deformation of those alloys, and the rupture lifes of Mg-Zn-Mn alloy were also measured to investigate the fracture behavior. From the results, the activation energy of Mg-Zn-Mn and Mg-Zn-Mn-Ca alloys under the temperature range of 473-493K were measured as 149.87, 145.98KJ/mol, respectively, and the stress exponent were measured as 5.13, 6.06 respectively. Also the activation energies Mg-Zn-Mn and Mg-Zn-Mn-Ca alloys under the temperature range of 553-573K were obtained as 134.41, 129.22KJ/mol, respectively, and tress exponent were obtained as 3.48, 4.63, respectively. Finally stress dependence of rupture life and the activation energy of rupture life of Mg-Zn-Mn under the temperature range of 473-493K was measured as 8.05, 170.0(KJ/mol), respectively, which were a little higher than the results of steady state creep.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2381-2386
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• 2000

Surface replication is playing an important role in the assessment of creep damage and remaining life of high temperature components. As the replication procedures, however, have not been standardized in domestic industry, its standardization is proposed in this study. For this purpose, the 2.25Cr-IMo steel was heat treated(5 min at 1,300 0C and oil quenched) to produce a simulated HAZ microstructure, and crept in air at 575 0C and under 120 MPa to produce artificial cavities. Then, the effect of surface preparation procedures on the quality of replicas was investigated using this sample. As a result, it was demonstrated that the presence of cavities may be observed readily or missed depending on the surface preparation procedures followed. Therefore it is essential to repeat three polishing/etching cycles at least in order to reveal cavitation damage accurately, even though it may be tedious or time-consuming.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.100-106
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• 1990

본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 304스테인리스강을 사용한 평활재와 작은 인공피트재의 고온 피로시험(疲勞試驗)과 크리프 시험(試驗)을 $593^{\circ}C$의 대기중에서 실시하고, 표면의 분포균열을 실온에서 레프리카법으로 연속적으로 관찰하고, 표면균열의 발생, 성장, 합체 거동을 관측하여, 균열 밀도(密度) 길이의 분포등의 정량적인 통계적(統計的) 성질(性質)에 대하여 검토하는 동시에, 파괴역학적으로 시험편의 수명을 지배하는 주균열의 성장거동 및 수명예측을 실시한 것이다. 또 실온의 결과와 고온피로(疲勞) 및 크리프 경우의 미소 분포균열의 통계적(統計的) 결과를 비교 검토하였다.