• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.18 no.3 s.39
• /
• pp.99-113
• /
• 1990

The purpose of this study was to prepare some more up-dated and advanced curriculum in Landscape Architecture in Junior College education to bring up a leading professional who can meet the changing social needs. To achieve this goal, the data about the actual employment status of graduates, current relevant systems and legistations, the questionnaires of Landscape companies, graduates and undergraduates, and the current relevant curriculum of domain 6 junior colleges and Japanese relevant curriculum was gathered and analyzed The results are as follows ; 1. Currently the majority of the graduates are employed in Construction field, but the employment trend of graduates shows diversification and subdividing as following 5 fields, that is Construction, Design, Maintenance, Administration and Indoor Landscaping. 2. It is essential to bring up a Landscape Technician who has a Landscape Certificate of qualifications(esp. 2nd class). 3. Lately, the actual Practice came to be one item of the qualifying examination, so the subjects of Landscape Design, Landscape Construction and Landscape Estimation Should be emphasized, Accordingly, current curriculum should be revised. 4. Currant curriculum model(1979) made by the Ministry of Education doesn't play a real and adequate role and should be up-dated in view of the current curriculum of domain 6 junior colleges has no regular standards. In preparation for new standardized curriculum model, following criterior could be suggested, that is, ratio of the Major Required Subjects vs. The Major Optional Subjects would be 50 : 50, and the Major Optional Subject would be 48 credits which is 150% of the Required Credits(32 credits) 5. The subjects such as Basic Agriculture, Afforestation, Nature Conservation, Sketch, Civil Engineering, Landscape Seminar and Modelling Practice would be deleted in the curriculum model established in 1983. 6. The subjects such as Perspective Practice, Indoor Landscaping, Landscape Legislation and Landscape Design( III ) could be newly opened to meet the social needs, to prepare for the qualifying examination and to serve well in the employment fields. 7. The subjects of Surveying ( I ) & ( II ) would be unified into one Subject as Surveying, and some in view of the average situation of 6 junior colleges. 8. It is urgent to open some subject related to computer. At first, An Introduction to Computer could be recommended in the cultural studies course and Landscape Computer Technique as the Major Optional Subjects.

• Journal of vocational education research
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.85-106
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze and diagnose the curriculum framework of dental hygiene department. Through document analysis process, this study found several empirical data which could give us a clue to understand characteristics of curriculum changes and factors which have impacts on those changes in curriculum at college level. In this study, we could conclude that even curriculum changes at college level had been influenced by social changes like extention of academic years from 2 years to 3 years and changes in licensure test at national level. And also, essential issues in college curriculum like amount of credits, course titles, and requirements-electives distinction etc. also were changed in accordance to social changes and requests. This study found that there is many difference of objectives, credits and course titles among colleges. For that, colleges will form a consultative group under the college level. Based on these results, we can suggest that college curriculum should be flexibly and effectively adapted to changes coping with social and policy changes.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.119-133
• /
• 1997

This study examines the role of Institutional Household Manager and the certification of their qualification. It shows that there are two aspects of the role of Institutional Household Manager: the one is the suportive activity to satisfy the user’s need and desire; the other is the managerial activity of Institutional Household. And it also sggests who might be the subjects of the certification, how many credits and what kinds of curricula are required, and what is asked for the establishment of Institutional Household Manager system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.211-232
• /
• 2003

연료전지 개발 필요성; "One of the most important technologies for the early 21st century" - Bill Clinton, "Not only to encourage research and development, but to provide tax credits to enhance the marketplace of hybrid and fuel-cell vehicles" - Bush. 연료전지 장점 - 에너지 변환 고효율(70%), 무/저공해 발전, 높은 에너지 저장력 (고용량), 시장환경 - 석유 자원 유한, 환경오염에 따른 무공해 에너지원 필요, Portable Device의 장시간 사용 Needs.(중략)

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.4139-4147
• /
• 2014

The aim of this study was to review the characteristics of teacher education curriculum and reform tendency between China and Korea. This study used literature analysis of various studies, catalogs, documents of education universities in China and Korea. The results were as follows. Some common features in the teacher education curriculum were observed, such as the purposes of education, constituent area of the curriculum, and subjects, such as pedagogy and practice teaching. Other differences included that China requires more credits for graduation than Korea, but the elective subjects are assigned fewer credits. In both countries, it is necessary to increase the relevant subjects (pedagogy, practice teaching) for the specialty of a preliminary teacher and establish a permanent system for the curriculum needs of students. In terms of reform tendency, both countries should change the training concept and teacher education philosophy, mainly on enhancing quality-oriented education, emphasizing the students' sustainable self development ability, as well as attaching importance to concept of lifelong education. These results are expected to be helpful in improving the teacher education curriculum in China and Korea.

• Korean Business Review
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.123-143
• /
• 2007

This paper empirically examines whether the tax effect of indirect tax reductions such as reserves deductible and direct tax reductions such as tax credits and tax reductions is significantly associated with value relevance. That is, direct and indirect tax reductions bear upon an increase in accounting earnings and decrease in cash outflows through reducing tax burdens. The empirical result in this paper shows that firm value is significantly related to the tax effect of reserves for business improvement and other tax reserves, which comprise parts of the book value of equity through tax benefits, but is not significantly related to the tax credits and reserves deductible as necessary expenses that comprise accounting earnings. This paper also analyzes the difference in value relevance between direct tax reductions and indirect tax reductions(That is, Hypothesis No.5). We find that there are no significant differences between direct tax reductions and indirect tax reductions. Because the regressive coefficients of direct tax reductions and indirect tax reductions are not significantly.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.187-198
• /
• 2020

With the development of technology and the creation of an entertainment environment for leisure, various marketing strategies are being used in the film industry. Among them, the use of the credit cookie of ending credits was very effective in producing the series. The ending credit is the time it takes to show the names of the people who made the movie, which is meaningless to the audience. There is a cost to produce a ending credit but It wasn't made because no revenue was generated. The credit cookie was inserted into this ending credit area, which brought new pleasure to the audience. Most of them were epilogue images showing the story behind the movie, NG images showing the NG situation during film production, and In videos mentioned in the movie but not shown in the movie itself. As various ideas about credit cookie were connected with marketing, a series movie and a spin-off foretelling the derivative works after the screening work were produced and have a new meaning. As a result, the time of ending credits, which had no commercial value, became the methodology of the most powerful promotional strategy. Looking at the difference between live-action film and animation in producing such credit cookie, unlike live-action films that edit the remaining parts after shooting, the NG video of the animation has a lot of time and money to produce. So, it hasn't try very well, and it seems to have been actively produced when moving from 2D animation to 3D animation. This is because 3D animation, which has already been modeled, can create new NG scenes by simply adding animating based on the layout of the created scene. Since it is possible to produce an episode movie at a low cost and time, and to use the scenes of the movie after the production, it will be necessary to strategically produce credit cookie for promotion in animation.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.22
• /
• pp.3-48
• /
• 2004

Many presentations of documents are rejected because credits have been incorrectly issued. One reason of rejecting the documents is related with error in application stage of L/C. Errors may take the form of mismatches between the terms of the sales contract and the provisions stipulated in the credit. Thus, Article 5 encourages applicants to make their contribution to the smooth running of the letter of credit process by being unambiguous and brief. Another reason that the banks reject the documents relates to the ambiguity of the term "International Standard Banking Practice" That is to say, UCP500 Art.13 introduced the term "International Standard Banking Practice"(ISBP) without the definition so that one wonder what ISBP is or how ISBP apply in daily work of bankers, examination of documents. From hence, International Chamber of Commerce(ICC) started the work to document ISBP at May 2000, finally approved the result last year and published the publication titled "International Standard Banking Practice for the examination of documents under documentary credits." By applying ISBP in document examination stage, I expect that the freqency of rejecting the documents grow less and bankers' work of examination become easy. On the other hand, ISBP is supplement to UCP500 so that the interpretation of ISBP is made on the basis of understanding of UCP and its underlying principles. So, I reviewed each paragraphs of ISBP on this basis and tried to indicate contradiction between ISBP and UCP500. But because of reading not enough, I failed to search the connotative sense many paragraphs have.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.646-655
• /
• 2017

This research aims to propose the necessity of conducting safety education to undergraduates majoring in social welfare studies and suggest a curriculum developing plan founded on social concern over safety along with its importance in the middle of changing welfare environment. I surveyed 12 experts with Delphi method conducted descriptive statistical analysis, and then verified reliability of the irresponses and validity of contents. As a result of the research, the curriculum was named as "Social Welfare and Safety" and proposed to be operated as "a regular course (3credits/3hours․2credits/ 2hours)". In terms of objectives and goals of the curriculum, 9 themes were proposed including "Establishment of safety awareness and necessity of safety management" and "Studying safety management methods depending on different types of facilities". For the curriculum contents, 20 themes were proposed including "Safety management by social workers" and "Countermeasures for safety accidents in social welfare facilities". In order for the new curriculum to be successfully conducted, follow-up studies should be conducted on details regarding operation of the curriculum such as curriculum operation manuals, curriculum guidelines, etc.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.1129-1137
• /
• 2014

This research analyzes whether the curricula of the designated educational institutions which cultivate fishing vessel officers are properly coordinated to fulfill the requirements of an international convention and the designated compulsory courses. It also compares these with the educational curriculum published by the designated educational institutions in 2013 with the STCW-F Convention and IMO Model Course. The outcome of this research shows the curricula operated by the designated institutions fulfills the standard of The Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. However, some of them do not meet the requirements of the STCW-F Convention and IMO Model Course. The compulsory coursework for marine technicians comprise 21 to 34 credits, compared to the 64 compulsory credits approved by maritime university. For the last five years (2008-2012), 555 out of 833 graduates have earned marine technician licenses, which accounts for 62% of the total. In preparation for ratifying the STCW-F Convention and in accordance with IMO Model Course and the minimum requirements of STCW-F Convention in the near future, improvements to the curricula are recommended.