• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.756-761
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• 2007

This papered is concerned with the crashworthiness characteristics analysis of the non-step bus when it is crashed or roll-over analysis. Computer simulations is implemented using LS-Dyna explicit code which can effectively analysis dynamic response with the lapse of time. We construct a FEM model of the non-step bus under development according to the safety rules used in Europe for composite non-step buses. The crash energy and absorption rate are evaluated to understand crashworthiness characteristic of the composite non-step bus. Body deformation is also examined whether the survival space is secured for passengers.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.12-19
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• 2011

Real-world accident cases were investigated to understand injury characteristics of the elderly driver. A total 10 cases of car-to-car frontal crash accidents from passenger car including SUV claimed to domestic car insurance company were reviewed. The injury characteristics of the elderly were analyzed from personal information (gender, age), medical treatment record (medical certificate, curative days), vehicle information (model, air-bag, seatbelt) and damage information. This study showed that elderly driver has higher possibility of thorax injury than non-elderly's. Moreover, Injury type and severity were more severe than non-elderly driver at similar type accident conditions. Also, elderly driver's medical treatment period needs 3 times more than non-elderly driver's.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.5-11
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• 2014

Front side member of the front impacted vehicle plays a key role in minimizing the impacting load transferred to the compartment. To perform that required function, axial collapse should be dominant during side member crashing and, prior to designing side member, it is crucial to minimize bending moment occurred at the front end. In this study, for FE model of a SUV front body, front impact analyses were carried to find out bumper stay design which effectively develope axial collapse in the side member. As a previous work, the thickness of side member reinforcement were changed. Next, the inner thickness of bumper stay was increased. Also, the bead shape and location were modified. Final front body model showed much more axial collapsed mode and enhanced crash performance. In addition, a stay of octagon section was adopted and that model exhibited distinctive increase in impact energy absorption.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.140-146
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• 2005

This study presents the development of a round recliner using the finite element method. That reduces the number of test repeating times and gives an information about stiffness. A simulation model of round recliner mounting seat module and tooth strength simulation are established using a PAM-CRASH and ABAQUS. With the optimization of gear profile, structural strength design of round recliner was achieved. The round recliner seat module simulation, structure strength simulation and a crash safety are requested by FMVSS test. Solution of round recliner optimum variable study and design problem are searched for round recliner stress, deformation and application. Also an examination of safety is made.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.62-76
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• 1995

The safety analysis becomes very essential in the crash environment with the growth of automobile industry. Recently, an airbag system is required to protect the occupant. The effects of an airbag can be evaluated exactly from the barrier or sled test which is quite expensive. The airbag system in a passenger car is analyzed with the occupant analysis program. The modeling of the passenger car including an airbag is established and the results are verified by comparisons with real crash tests. However, the solution of an airbag design can not be obtained easily with the conventional method such as an optimization due to the nonlinearity and complexity of the problem. An iterative design algorithm using the orthogonal array is proposed to overcome the difficulties. The design trend of an airbag is recommended to minimize the injury of an occupant with the proposed design algorithm and the results are discussed.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.89-94
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• 2024

This study is to review the Brain Injury Criterion (BrIC) and the brain injury probabilities due to the Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). For this purpose, the frontal impact test results of 20 vehicles from MY2022 and MY2023 USNCAP are utilized for estimating the BrIC and the brain injury probabilities. Using the equations suggested by Takhounts et al., the BrIC results were calculated. Using the equations suggested by Hazay et al., the brain injury probabilities were estimated. The brain injury probabilities based on the maximum principal strain (MPS) were largely estimated than those based on the cumulative strain damage measure (CSDM).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.13-19
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• 2012

The fatalities rate for passenger vehicles, vans, and commercial vehicles is 1.23, 1.90 and 2.46 deaths per 10,000 registered vehicles, respectively. This shows that vans and commercial vehicles are vulnerable compare to passenger vehicles. To evaluate the crashworthiness of van and Light Truck Vehicle(LTV), we carried out frontal offset crash test at 64km/h, 40% overlap as per IIHS(Insurance Institute for Highway Safety). The test result show that LTV is very poor to protect occupant at frontal crash cause there is no safety system such as airbag and pretensioner and front end length(distance from front bumper to steering wheel) is short. One of the van rated as the lowest rating even it is equipped with airbag, cause its safety cage was collapsed during the test. This result shows that the structural integrity is very important in terms of occupant protection.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2018

This paper reports an analysis of cyclist accident cases with respect to passenger vehicles on Korean roads. A typology based on Initiative for the Global Harmonization of Accident Data (iGLAD) code book is applied to a traffic accident analysis system(TAAS), which has the real-world crash data on Korea roads, to understand the accident scenarios in more detail and efficiently. Similarly this typology has been used for Germany In-Depth Accidents Study (GIDAS) as well. The accident data analysis with consideration of the typology of Korean road conditions may prioritize traffic safety issues regarding cyclists and is aimed to develop an Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) system for cyclist. In summary, this paper characterizes and analyzes the scenarios of cyclist crashes with passenger car. The most common accident scenarios on Korean roads are Car-to-Bicyclist Nearside Adult (CBNA) and Car-to-Bicyclist Longitudinal Adult (CBLA), which are more than 86% of total accidents cases. Therefore, it is inferred that AEB cyclist system should include these accident types in the operational design domain to reduce more fatality in Korea.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.213-218
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• 2019

Background: Motorcycles are one of the important members of commercial transportation because of the convenient use during congested traffic conditions and the ease of parking in narrow streets. This study investigates the characteristics of crashes and traffic signal violations caused by motorcycle couriers. Methods: From the national compensation data, this study analyzed the traffic crashes caused by 671 motorcycle couriers. Results: Among 671 injured couriers, 50.6% were aged less than 40 years, 49.2% run in a small business of <5 employees, and 47.2% had work experience of <6 months. Motorcycle crashes occurred mainly due to "rider overturned alone" (67.5%), in the daytime (73.5%), or on cloudy or clear days (77.2%). However, the violation rate caused by motorcycle couriers was high in couriers in a small business of <5 employees (13.9%), with work experience of <6 months (13.9%), on cloudy or clear days (12.4%), on an intersection (29.8%), in the type of "crash with a vehicle" (31.2%), or in a death accident (35.7%) Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used as a baseline in devising policies for preventing crashes of motorcycle couriers.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.41-46
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• 2021

The number of big traffic accident cases of pedestrian death appeared to be minor, however compared to death rate in car to car accidents is very high and quite a few of the pedestrian death rates among all traffic accidents are counted to be almost 40%. Previous pedestrian safety studies were mostly aimed at reducing the degree of pedestrian injuries from a vehicle to pedestrian collision, and less at preventing a collision itself. This research was conducted with a method of using road facilities to prevent vehicles from rushing into the sidewalk. This research used one of the collision analyzing programs, called PC-Crash to simulate the vehicle rushing into the sidewalk. Based on the program, it could derive an optimal safe zone location where the pedestrian can wait for the pedestrian light safely. Also, changing road facilities such as pedestrian light pillars or signal controllers can widen 440% compared to the present safe zone. Accordingly, researchers have to consider a method to analyze and apply pedestrian safe zones along with road facilities location when designing a road.