• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.158-165
• /
• 2004

Up to now, many crack repair techniques have been developed for inhibiting crack growth in structural components. However, the simplest way for inhibiting crack growth is to apply a indentation at the crack tip or at some distance ahead of the expected crack growth path so as to produce residual compressive stresses that can reduce the effective stresses around the crack tip. In spite of its importance to the aerospace industry, little attention has been devoted to evaluation of the indentation residual stress effect on the fatigue crack initiation life quantitatively. Therefore, in the present work, the magnitude and distribution of the indentation residual stresses were investigated in order to estimate the beneficial effect on fatigue crack initiation by using finite element method. Furthermore, to examine the validity of finite element analysis results, residual stress distribution in the indented specimen was measured by using X-ray diffraction technique, and fatigue crack behavior at fastener hole in aluminum alloy 7075-T6 before and after indentation processes was investigated.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.26-30
• /
• 2003

The stresses of surface and substrate under the rough surface contact are irregular. Using rainflow counting method for irregular stresses, the fatigue surface crack initiation lift was calculated. With the surface generated by computer, this paper figures out the random load generated by contacting to the rough surface, analyzes the stress of its subsurface, and calculates the fatigue crack initiation life of the rough surface fatigue theory.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2000

In case of rough contact fatigue, the accurate calculation of surface tractions is essential to the prediction of crack initiation life. Accurate Surface tractions influencing shear stress amplitude can be obtained by contact analysis based on tile morphology of contact surfaces. In this study, to simulate rough contact under sliding condition, gaussian rough surface generated numerically in the previous study was used and to calculate crack initiation life in the substrate, dislocation pileup theory was used.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1528-1534
• /
• 2001

In order to improve Leak-Be(ore-Break methodology, more precisely the crack growth evaluation, a round robin analysis was proposed by the CEA Saclay. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the crack initiation life, penetration life and shape of through wall crack under cyclic bending loads. The proposed round robin analysis is composed of three main topic; fatigue crack initiation, crack propagation and crack penetration. This paper deals with the first topic, crack initiation in a notched pipe under four point bending. Both elastic-plastic finite element analysis and Neuber's rule were used to estimate the crack initiation life and the finite element models were verified by mesh-refinement, stress distribution and global deflection. In elastic-plastic finite element analysis, crack initiation life was determined by strain amplitude at the notch tip and strain-life curve of the material. In the analytical method, Neuber's rule with the consideration of load history and mean stress effect, was used for the life estimation. The effect of notch tip radius, strain range, cyclic hardening rule were examined in this study. When these results were compared with the experimental ones, the global deformation was a good agreement but the crack initiation cycle was higher than the experimental result.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.237-255
• /
• 2015

From the related engineering principles, analytical solutions for horizontal crack initiation and propagation on a coal panel floor-underlying strata interface due to coal panel excavation are derived in this paper. Two important concepts, namely the critical panel width of horizontal crack initiation on the panel floor-underlying strata interface and the critical panel width of vertical fracture (crack) initiation in the panel floor, have been presented. The resulting analytical solution indicates that: (1) the first criterion can be used to express the condition under which horizontal plane cracks (on the panel floor-underlying strata interface or in the panel floor because of delamination) due to the mining induced vertical stress will initiate and propagate; (2) the second criterion can be used to express the condition under which vertical plane cracks (in the panel floor) due to the mining induced horizontal stress will initiate and propagate; (3) this orthogonal set of horizontal and vertical plane cracks, once formed, will provide the necessary weak network for the flow of gas to inrush into the panel. Two characteristic equations are given to quantitatively estimate both the critical panel width of vertical fracture initiation in the panel floor and the critical panel width of horizontal crack initiation on the interface between the panel floor and its underlying strata. The significance of this study is to provide not only some theoretical bases for understanding the fundamental mechanism of a longwall floor gas inrush problem but also a benchmark solution for verifying any numerical methods that are used to deal with this kind of gas inrush problem.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.112-124
• /
• 1993

It has been reported that fatigue damage sometimes occurred at the stress concentrated and dynamic loaded structural members of bulk carrier. In this paper, studies on fatigue strength of hull structures are reviewed, and the program for evaluating fatigue strength is developed. And the fatigue crack initiation and propagation on the end part of cargo hold frame of bulk carrier were calculated by FEM stress analysis and the fatigue strength evaluation program. These method can be applied not only to the crack initiation life but also to crack propagation life for the hull structural members at the hull design stage and be effective as the guideline to prevent the crack initiation or to estimate the fatigue strength for repairing of the fatigue damaged structures of real ships.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.47-57
• /
• 2020

A new elastic-plastic-creep constraint parameter is proposed to quantify the effect of constraint on creep crack initiation times. It represents the difference between the transient elastic-plastic-creep crack-tip opening stress and the Riedel-Rice opening stress field in plane strain, which can be determined analytically. Application of the proposed parameter to a large set of creep crack growth test data using C(T) and SEN(B) specimens of Type 316H stainless steel at 550℃ shows that creep crack initiation times can be more accurately characterized by the C⁎-integral together with the proposed parameter.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.29 no.2 s.233
• /
• pp.284-292
• /
• 2005

Material flaws in the from of pre-existing defects can severely affect the crack initiation. Stress distribution and crack initiation life of engineering materials such as monolithic aluminum alloy and Al/Glass fiber laminate may be different according to the defect location. The aim of this study is to evaluate effects of relative location of defects around the circular hole in monolithic aluminum and Al/Glass fiber laminates under cyclic bending moment. Stress distribution and crack initiation behavior near a circular hole are considered. Results of Finite Element (FE) model indicated the features of different stress field due to the relative defects positions. Especially, the defects positions at ${\theta}=0^{\circ}\;and\;{\theta}=30^{\circ}$ was strongly effective in stress concentration factor ($K_t$) and crack initiation behavior.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.597-609
• /
• 2023

The instability and failure of engineered rock masses are influenced by crack initiation and propagation. Uniaxial compression and acoustic emission (AE) experiments were conducted on cracked sandstone. The effect of the crack's dip on the crack initiation was investigated using fracture mechanics. The crack propagation was investigated based on stress-strain curves, AE multi-parameter characteristics, and failure modes. The results show that the crack initiation occurs at the tip of the pre-fabricated crack, and the crack initiation angle increases from 0° to 70° as the dip angle increases from 0° to 90°. The fracture strength k_cr is derived varies in a U-shaped pattern as β increased, and the superior crack angle β_m is between 36.2 and 36.6 and is influenced by the properties of the rock and the crack surface. Low-strength, large-scale tensile cracks form during the crack initiation in the cracked sandstone, corresponding to the start of the AE energy, the first decrease in the b-value, and a low r-value. When macroscopic surface cracks form in the cracked sandstone, high-strength, large-scale shear cracks form, resulting in a rapid increase in the AE energy, a second decrease in the b-value and an abrupt increase in the r-value. This research has significant theoretical implications for rock failure mechanisms and establishment of damage indicators in underground engineering.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2020

In the design of the metal forming processes, various types of ductile fracture criteria are used to predict crack initiation and to fabricate metallic products without any defects. However, the quantitative measurement method for determination of crack initiation is insufficient. It is very difficult to detect crack initiation in ductile metals with excellent deformability because no significant load drop is observed due to crack generation. In this study, the applicability of acoustic emission sensors, which are commonly used in facility diagnostics, to measure crack initiation during the metal forming process was analyzed. Cylindrical notch specimens were designed using the finite element method to induce a premature crack on the surface of pre heat-treated steel (ESW90) material. In addition, specimens with various notch angles and heights were prepared and compression tests were carried out. During the compression tests, acoustic emission signal on the dies and images of the surface of the notch specimen were recorded using an optical camera in real time. The experimental results revealed that the acoustic emission sensor can be used to detect crack initiation in ductile metals due to severe plastic deformation.