• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2024

For this study, CrAlN multilayer coatings were deposited on SKD61 substrates using a multi-arc ion plating technique. The structural characteristics of the CrAlN multilayer coatings were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the adhesion of the coatings was assessed through scratch testing, and the mechanical strength was evaluated using nanoindentation and tribometric tests for frictional properties. The results show that the CrAlN multilayer coatings possess a uniform and dense structure with excellent mechanical strength. Hardness measurements indicated that the CrAlN coatings have high hardness values, and both the coating adhesion and wear resistance were found to be improved compared to CrN. The addition of aluminum is anticipated to contribute to enhanced durability and wear resistance.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.47-47
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• 2008

Cr and AlSi (Si=20 and 66 at.%) target들을 이용하여 Closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS)으로 증착된 주기($\Lambda$)가 2.3 nm에서 8.0nm인 CrN/AlSiN multilayer coatings의 crystal structure, 화학적 조성, 및 기계적 특성을 glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and nano-indenter 등의 분석장비를 이용하여 분석하였다. 고온안정성을 시험하기 위하여 $800^{\circ}C$와 $1000^{\circ}C$ 공기중 에서 30분 열처리하였다. CrN/AlSiN multilayer coatings의 고온안정성은 Si조성이 증가함에 따라 향상되었다. Si이 18.2 at.%함유된 coating이 가장 우수한 고온안정성을 갖고 있다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2019

$Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N/CrN$ nano-multilayers, which are known to have excellent wear resistance, were prepared using an unbalanced magnetron sputter to have various periods of 2-5 nm. $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N$ had a hexagonal structure in a single layer, but converted to a cubic structure by forming a multilayer with CrN, which has a cubic structure. Thus, $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N$ formed a superlattice in the multilayer. The $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}/CrN$ multilayer with a period of 2.5 nm greatly exceeded the hardness of the $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N$ and the CrN single layer, reaching 39 GPa. According to the low angle X-ray diffraction results, the $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N/CrN$ multilayer maintained its as-coated structure to a temperature as high as $700^{\circ}C$ and exhibited hardness of 30 GPa. The thickness of the oxide layer of the $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N/CrN$ multilayered coating was less than one-tenth of those of the single layers. Thus, $Ti_{0.33}Al_{0.67}N/CrN$ multilayered coating had hardness and oxidation resistance far superior to those of its constituent single layers.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2020

Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/CrN nano-multilayers, which are known to exhibit excellent wear resistances, were prepared using the unbalanced magnetron sputter for various periods of 2-7 nm. Ti_0.5Al_0.5N and CrN comprised a cubic structure in a single layer with different lattice parameters; however, Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/CrN exhibited a cubic structure with the same lattice parameters that formed the superlattice in the nano-multilayers. The Ti_0.5Al_0.5/CrN multilayer with a period of 5.0 nm exceeded the hardness of the Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/CrN single layer, attaining a value of 36 GPa. According to the low-angle X-ray diffraction, the Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/CrN multilayer maintained its as-coated structure up to 700℃ and exhibited a hardness of 32 GPa. The thickness of the oxidation layer of the Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/CrN multilayered coating was less than 25% of that of the single layers. Thus, the Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/CrN multilayered coating was superior in terms of hardness and oxidation resistance as compared to its constituent single layers.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2012

CrN/AlN multilayer coatings with various bilayer periods in the range of 1.8 to 7.4 nm were synthesized using a closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering method. Their crystalline structure, chemical compositions and mechanical properties have been investigated with Auger electron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation, scratch tests. The properties of the multilayer coatings varied strongly depending upon the magnitude of the bilayer period. The multilayer coating with a bilayer period of 1.8 nm showed the maximum hardness and an elastic modulus of approximately 37.6 and 417 GPa, respectively, which was 1.54 times higher than the hardness predicted by the rule of mixture from the CrN and AlN coatings. The hardness of the multilayer coating increased as the bilayer period decreased, i.e. as the rotation speed increased. The Hall-Petch type relationship, hardness being related to (1/periodicity)$^{-1/2}$, suggested by Lehoczky was confirmed for the CrN/AlN multilayer coatings with bilayer period close to the 5-10 nm range. With decreasing bilayer period, the surface morphology of the films became rougher and the critical load of films for adhesion strength gradually decreased.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to show the friction and wear characteristics on the vapor deposited coating layers on the SCM415 steel. In this research, frictional wear characteristic of coating materials such as Ti-series, Cr-series & WC/C and TiAlN+WC/C multilayer coating was investigated under room temperature, normal air pressure and no lubricating condition. Therefore, this study carried out research on the friction coefficient, micro hardness(Hv), surface roughness and wear quantity on the vapor deposited coating layers on the SCM415 steel. As the wear experimental result, the excellence of TiAlN+WC/C multilayer coating has been proven by high micro-hardness, low friction coefficient and wear quantity.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 1999

Titanium nitride and related overlayers produced by arc ion plating (AIP) are applied as commercial coatings in world-wide scale since the middle of 80s. Due to the achievements of low temperature deposition (LTD), they begin now to be used as wear and corrosion-resistant coatings for machine parts, besides applications on cemented carbide and high speed steel cutting tools. On the other side, TiN can be now applied successfully to brass, Al-alloy, ZnAl alloy articles as decorative coating through LTD. Various nitrides, carbonitrides, borides and other refractory compounds, such as (Ti, Al)N, TiCN, CrN, are used as the coatings for special heavy-duty working conditions instead of TiN since 90s. More and more multilayer coatings are applied now substituting single layer ones. Duplex processes are under development.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.513-519
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• 2014

For depth machining in die and mold, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is used generally. To make deep hole and deep shape efficiently, cemented carbide endmill for depth machining is necessary. For this purpose, cemented carbide endmill was designed using design of experiment (DOE). To improve cutting performance, endmill was coated with multilayer surface treatment, TiAlCrSiN and TiAlCrN, for higher wear resistance. In order to evaluate the endmill, Transverse Rupture Strength (TRS) test was tried for investigating the relationship between surface treatment and strength in endmill body. Scratch test was also used for measuring adhesion force of each surface treatment. To evaluate hardness of surface treatment, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analysis was carried out. Wear test was executed for characteristics of each surface treatment in high temperature. Consequently, TiAlCrSiN was superior to the TiAlCrN coating in case of high temperature environment such as cutting.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.110-116
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 나노 두께를 갖는 두 층을 반복적으로 증착하여 나노 다층 구조를 갖는 질화 물이 코팅된 절삭공구의 기계적 성능과 절삭성능의 향상에 대해 고찰하였다. 이러한 질화물계 나노 다층막에 대한 재료는 격자상수와 결정구조에 따라 $Ti_{0.54}Al_{0.46}N-CrN$계와 $Ti_{0.84}Al_{0.16}N-NlN$계를 선택하여, UBM sputtering 증착법을 이용하여 초경(WC-Co) 인서트(insert)위에 증착하였다. 공정 변수들인 증착온도, 압력. 기판 바이어스 전압, 기판회전 속도 등을 조절하여 다른 주기 값을 갖는 일정한 두께의 다층막들을 증착 시켰고, 주기에 따른 초격자 형성, 경도 값과 절삭성능을 관찰하였다. 증착된 다층막들은 그 주기 값에 따라 경도 값이 다르게 나타났으며. 경도 값이 상대적으로 높았던 특정 주기의 다층막이 코팅된 절삭 공구의 경우, 기존의 상용화된 제품에 비해 frank wear로 비교한 절삭 성능이 $20\%$이상 향상됨을 관찰하였다