• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.64-78
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• 2007

For Korean researchers, English is essential. In fact, this is the case for any researcher who is a non-native English speaker, as recognition and success is predicated on being published, while publications that reach the broadest audiences are in English. Unfortunately, university science and engineering programs in Korea often do not provide formal coursework to help students attain greater competence in English composition. Aggravating this situation is the general lack of literature covering this specific pedagogical issue. While there is plenty of information to help native speakers with technical writing and much covering general English composition for EFL learners, there is very little information available to help EFL learners become better technical writers. Thus, the purpose of this report is twofold. First, as most Korean educators in science and engineering are not well acquainted with pedagogical issues of EFL writing, this report provides a general introduction to some relevant issues. It reviews the importance of contrastive rhetoric as well as some considerations for choosing the appropriate teaching approach, class arrangement, and use of computer assisted learning tools. Secondly, a course proposal is discussed. Based on a review of student writing samples as well as student responses to a self-assessment questionnaire, the proposed course is intended to balance the needs of Korean EFL learners to develop grammar, process, and genre skills involved in technical writing. Although, the scope of this report is very modest, by sharing the considerations made towards the development of an EFL technical writing course it seeks to provide a small example to a field that is perhaps lacking examples.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.92-101
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• 2016

Objectives: Outdoor workers are exposed to thermally stressful work environments. In this study, heat stress indices for harbor workers in summer were calculated to evaluate thermal comfort based on a human heat balance model. These indices are Physiological Subjective Temperature (PST), Dehydration Risk (DhR), and Overheating Risk (OhR) according to respective stage of cargo work in a harbor. In addition, we constructed a forecast system to provide heat stress information. Methods: Thermophysiological indices in this study were calculated using the MENEX model (i.e. the human heat balance model), which used as inputs the meteorological parameters, clothing insulation, and metabolic rate for each stage of cargo work in the harbor of Masan over the course of seven days, including a four-day heat wave. The forecast heat stress information constructed for Masan harbor was based on meteorological data supported by the Dong-Nae Forecast from the KMA (Korea Metrological Administration) and other input parameters. Results: According to higher metabolic rate, thermophysiological indices showed a critical level. In particular, PST was evaluated as reaching the 'Very hot' or 'Hot' level during all seven days, despite the heat occurring over only four. It is important in a regard to consider the work environment conditions (i.e. labor intensity and clothing in harbor). On a webpage, the forecast thermophysiological indices show as infographics to be easily understand. This webpage is comprised of indices for both current conditions and the forecast, with brief guidance. Conclusion: Thermophysiological indices show the risk level to health during a heat wave period. Heat stress information could help to protect the health of harbor workers. Further, this study could extend the applicability of these indices to a variety of outdoor workers in consideration of work environments.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.43-63
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• 2015

Quality of the library service, because it is based on the subjective meaning of the user for a particular service, depending on the individual expectation level, can be divided between satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Therefore, library services that are performed in public libraries also ultimately assessment of library services may influence based on the expected value of the user. This study is a satisfaction survey of library services to the public library of Goyang. Overall satisfaction of Public Library of Goyang in this study are in the following orders: 1) facility, 2) cultural programs and courses, 3) librarian kindness, 4) collections. To understand the specific meaning of each preference, it was analyzed in the followings: 1) the expectation level to the library space, 2) expectation level to librarians, 3) new service the users desire, 4) service the users want, etc. by age and occupation. As the age of the user increases, the demand for traditional library usage increased. In addition, services that utilize the same library external resources and utilization of external lecturer is like finding employment and art courses, expectation level of users such as reading course to utilize library resources was the highest.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.451-458
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• 2019

Reliability in the course of weapons system development and operation is a key measure of the ability of a system to perform the required functions under specified conditions over a specified period of time, and the mission confidence for the assessment of mission fulfillment is an important indicator of victory or defeat in a battle. Mission reliability indicates the probability that a given task will succeed or fail in an event or environmental situation over a given period of time. The existing mission reliability was calculated after creating a confidence blow map with only physical connections based on the mission. However, as modern weapons systems evolve and advance, the related equipment structure becomes increasingly complex, making it impossible to express mission relevance when mission classification is required based on functional or physical connections. In this study, the mission reliability was calculated for a gun control system, which is part of a ship's combat system, by expressing the association between the physical and functional structures using the design structure matrix technique and the interface matrix technique. We expect the study results to be used as verification data for mission reliability.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-132
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• 2015

National technical qualifications to enhance an individual's vocational skills, the competitiveness of companies and countries have an important function to improve. Especially 'qualifications' will have a signal function to show objectively measure an individual's ability with the 'Education' The "knowledge necessary for the performance of their duties. Technology will gain knowledge about such assessment or recognition is based on certain criteria and procedures." Learning to qualify are being made through a smart learning a lot. Due to the revolution of the Internet in recent years with the development of information and communication technologies are entering into a knowledge society, the importance of information and knowledge. This contemporary smart learning education system is continuing to rapidly growing in pace with the changing time and space constraints, without teaching and learning is taking place. The purpose of this study is the ARCS motivation theory can determine a representative theory of human motivation factors and basic psychological needs dealing with the human nature of the psychological needs Interactivity and immersive learning, and to validate the empirical causality Affecting the continued use of smart learning through fun. Specifically, attention, relevance, confidence in the ARCS motivation, see their effect on the learning flow through the satisfaction we analyze empirically. Through this national technical qualifications smart learner's learning by supporting the implicit synchronization of students in learning are the degree of continued use. Therefore, to achieve the objectives of national technical qualifications and skills through a smart learning can contribute to the activation of the development and certification of course industry.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was conducted naturalistically in order to observe the long-term effects of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications on growth rates among Korean school-aged boys with ADHD. Methods : Participants in the study were boys with ADHD aged 6 to 11 years who have taken ADHD medication, methylphenidate (extended release) or atomoxetine. They attended scheduled visits monthly or bimonthly for clinical assessment with measurement of height and weight. In this study, 35 boys with ADHD (mean age at baseline=$7.90{\pm}1.77$ years ; mean age at endpoint= $12.54{\pm}1.91$ years) were included, with a mean follow-up period of 4.64 years (${\pm}1.62$ years), ranging from 2 to 9.7 years. Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) measurements were converted to "age-corrected Z-scores" using data from Growth Charts provided by the Korean Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2007. Results : Age-corrected endpoint growth parameters (height, weight, BMI Z-scores) did not differ significantly from the baseline values (height t=0.027 ; weight t=-0.61 ; BMI t=-1.86, in paired t-test). Especially high correlation was observed between the baseline and endpoint height Z-scores (r=0.876, p<.001), for which the coefficient of determination $r^2$ was 0.767, meaning that the amount of variability in endpoint height Z-scores explained by the baseline height Z-scores was 76.7%. Conclusion : Our results suggested that the long-term effects of ADHD medications on growth parameters to be tolerable in Korean school-aged boys with ADHD.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.149-154
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• 2014

Quality is the value that can be measured by observing the characteristics of the service quantity or quality. QoS is predictable service traffic to a minimum requirements what passed in network. In the course of Smart Medical Information System Development there exist some functional requirements to satisfy quality objectives. The functional smart domains of healthcare information systems consists of Patient Module, a smart sensing and communication domain, RFID Tag Readers and the behavior domain, Homecare Station Domain, Clinical Station. This study is performed on evaluation methodology of u-health service satisfaction quality of each domain. In this paper QoS metrics and the quality of medical information requirements, functional requirements are separated by. Quality parameters consists of six items and the functional requirements and quality requirements 20 details the five items and consist of 20 detailed items. On this study the quality evaluation methodology of Korean smart health information quality assessment matrix 2 - factor evaluation method is proposed. The overall framework of this paper is organizing the specific criteria of quality of medical information system and modeling quality evaluation process under all smart environment.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.25 no.spc5
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• pp.582-590
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• 2007

In this paper, the activities for scientifically-gifted high school students in the 2006 International Young Physicists' Tournament were analyzed, from the perspective of the social aspects of creativity. To understand this, the process by which the activities were similar to the system model of creativity developed by Csikszen-tmihalyi were analyzed. Our aim was to elicit the educational implications of cooperative science problem solving skills and to discuss the results from their social perspective. It was found that participants interacted consistently with peers, teachers, and the culture that was developed during the course of the tournament. This was found to be very similar to the way in which novel knowledge in the system model of creativity is produced. In the tournament, the juries' assessment was based on students' presentations, discussions, and reviews. This was also very similar to how novel knowledge in the model is selected. Solving problems cooperatively and evaluating the results through group discussion are well reflected the social aspects of creativity. Due to the fact that such tournaments for scientifically-gifted elementary students are rapidly increasing in popularity, such activities will increasingly become more important. It is necessary, therefore, to study the social aspects of creativity for the gifted in elementary and middle school.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.199-211
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• 1995

This study analyzed the practical education in fundamentals of nursing, for the 36 nursing schools including 12 4-year nursing schools and 24 junior college nursing schools. This survey was done from september 5th to october 5th in 1995. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Required credit in fundamentals of nursing. 1) The highest incidence of the total required credit was 7 in 4-year nursing school and 9 in junior college. 2) For the lecture course credit, the large number of 4-year nursing school gave 5 credit lessons and 6 credits provided in junior nursing colleges. 3) For the credit of practical education the major portion of 4-year nursing school gave 2 credits instruction, however junior nursing school provided 3 credits. 2. Laboratory practice in fundamentals of nursing. In laboratory practice, the ratio of instructor and student was 1 : 20 in 83.4% of the 4-year nursing school and in 66.7% of the junior nursing school. 3. Contents and hours of fundamental nursing practice. 1) In the area of health assessment and nursing process, the large number of schools allocated following hours : 6 hours for vital signs, 4 hours for nursing process, 2 hours for recording but practice for physical examination and communication was done in few schools. 2) In the area of functional health pattern, the large number of schools allocated practice hours like followings : 2 hours for I/O, 2 hours for gavage feeding, 2 hours for elimination, 6 hours for catheterization, 6 hours for bed making, 2 hours for positioning, 6 hours for personal hygiene, 2 hours for R.O.M, 4 hours for moving turning lifting, 2 hours for inhalation and suction. But C.P.R and terminally ill patient care were taught in smaller number of schools. 3) In the area of special nursing measures, the major portion of nursing schools allocated hours like followings. It consisted of 6 hours for asepsis, 16-18 hours for medication, 2 hours for heat and cold application, 2 hours for wound care. 4) 22.2% of the nursing schools had total review practice time and 36.1% of the nursing schools had the students clinical practice. Based on above mentioned results, 4-year nursing school had faithful practical education of fundamental nursing than junior nursing school. But for the contents and allocated hours for practice education, junior nursing schools were much more contents and hours than 4 year school.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2010

tert-Butyl acetate (TBAc) is an organic solvent, which is commonly used in architectural coatings and industrial solvents. It has recently been exempted from the definition of a volatile organic compound (VOC) by the Air Resources Board (ARB). Since the use of TBAc as a substitute for other VOCs has increased, thus its potential risk in humans has also increased. However, its inhalation toxicity data in the literature are very limited. Hence, inhalation exposure to TBAc was carried out to investigate its toxic effects in this study. Adult male rats were exposed to TBAc for 4 h for 1 day by using a nose-only inhalation exposure chamber (low dose, $2370\;mg/m^3$ (500 ppm); high dose, $9482\;mg/m^3$ (2000 ppm)). Shamtreated control rats were exposed to clean air in the inhalation chamber for the same period. The animals were killed at 2, 7, and 15 days after exposure. At each time point, body weight measurement, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis, histopathological examination, and biochemical assay were performed. No treatment-related abnormal effects were observed in any group according to time course. Based on those findings, the median lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) of TBAc was over $9482\;mg/m^3$ in this study. According to the MSDS, the 4 h $LC_{50}$ for TBAc for rats is over $2230\;mg/m^3$. We suggested that this value is changed and these findings may be applied in the risk assessment of TBAc which could be beneficial in a sub-acute study.