• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.681-686
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• 2010

Purpose: Obese proportion is increasing universally, estimating more than a billion. So reducing the weight became one of the topic in medical market. Not only diet, exercise, medication, but also many surgical procedures are being developed, such as sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass surgery. After massive weight loss, skin excess and laxity occurs, leading to unsatisfying body contour. Body contouring surgery including abdominoplasty, breast reduction is performed when skin excess is present in abdomen and breast. When skin excess is present circumferentially, belt dermolipectomy is the treatment of choice. Methods: A 23-year-old man had weight gain since he was 12 of age. A year before visiting to our department, his height was 168 cm, weight was 150 kg and body mass index (BMI) was 53.15 kg/$m^2$. The patient lost 55 kg of his weight through exercise and diet control. When he visited again, his weight was 95 kg and BMI was 33.66 kg/$m^2$. In physical examination, skin excess and laxity was seen in both breast and abdomen circumferentially and lateral folds were seen in the back. Abdominal contour deformity (Pitman classification type 6) and pseudogynecomastia (grade 3) were present in both breast. Belt dermolipectomy of abdomen, both breast and lateral folds was performed, resecting 6,400 g of tissue and additive 1,200 g through revisional operation. Results: The patient lost 6,500g of his weight and BMI reduced by 2.3 kg/$m^2$. The patient's hospital course was uneventful during 5 weeks of hospitalization and he was satisfied with his final body contour. Conclusion: Body contouring with belt dermolipectomy in patient who has circumferential skin excess and laxity after massive weight loss can be a treatment of choice.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권27호
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• pp.153-176
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• 2012

디지털 콘텐츠 산업이 융합하고 있는 시점에서 다양한 전통문화 소재의 발굴이 필요하다. 우리나라의 전통문화는 오랜 역사 속에서 전통 신앙과 맞물려 풍부한 소재를 보유하게 되었다. 전통문화의 큰 축으로써 우리나라의 역사와 함께 자리 해 온 불교미술에 접근하여 새로운 문화 콘텐츠의 소재를 발굴하고 DB 분류하고자 한다. 이는 불교문화콘텐츠를 통해 향후 전통 문화에 근거한 미래 브랜드를 구현하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 전통 문화적 관점에서 문화원형을 활용하였다. 불교 미술에 등장한 관음보살과 동자의 상징을 통한 의미를 연구하여 캐릭터로 제작하기 위한 기반이 되고자 한다. 따라서 문화재청에 등록된 국보 및 보물로 등재되어진 불교 존상 중 관음보살과 동자로 범위로 정하고, 관음보살과 동자가 지닌 상징체계를 통해 전통캐릭터를 고찰하였다. 그 과정에서 불교문화 캐릭터는 역할에 의한 분류, 지물에 의한 분류가 가능함을 발견하고 DB 분류 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 상징성을 가진 복잡한 불교문화를 문화원형으로 활용하기 위한 참고자료가 될 것이다. 그리고 불교존상이 가지는 의미를 통해 한국적 전통캐릭터의 디지털콘텐츠 활용에 도움이 되고자 한다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제12권2호통권17호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2006

Pogostemonis and Agastachis Herba are the whole of Pogostemon cablin (BLANCO) BENTH or Agastache rugosa (FISCHER et MEYER) O. KUNTZE (family Labiatae) which is produced in all part of Korea and China. This drug is used for removing dampness by means of aromatics in oriental medicine. The standard formula of this drug is important from the viewpoint of the quality control. A characteristic discrimination of internal and external morphological standard in original plants and herbal states of Pogostemonis and Agastachis Herba are as follows. 1. The external characteristics: Pogostemon cablin has hairs and brown-like in stem, elliptical fruit. In the other hand, Agastache rugosa has no hairs and red-like in stem, obovatic trigone fruit. 2. The physical characteristics: Pogostemon cablin is gray in whole, has hairs in stem and numerous hairs of ash in leaf. In the other hand, Agastache rugosa is yellow-green in whole, has no hairs in stem. Specially the latter has deep-green colour and numerous hairs presenting mostly at lower epidermis in leaf. 3. The physical characteristics in currents: Pogostemon cablin is brown, has hairs and round-like stem. In the other hand, Agastache rugosa is green or yellow-green, has no hairs and tetragon in stem. 4. The internal characteristics: Pogostemon cablin has progressed spongy tissue in epidermal cell of leaf and many rank of epidermal cell in stem. In other hand, Agastache rugosa has 1 rank palisade tissue in leaf and few rank of epidermal cell in stem. In the external shape, it was possible that herbs were distinguished according to artificial classification and that same genus-degree of relatedness among herbs could be distinguished by more precise and active observation. In the shape of real herbs, I compared current herbs in market with original herbs which were just collected or were on the course of drying. In addition, it was possible that the internal shape could be identified by using microscope after butanol series. Though it was impossible to make distinction of herbs which are not current in my search contents, this search contents will be a standard for applying herbs in the future. An Additional standard establishment including physiochemical reaction and gene research is required in order to supplement the fault of this search.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.331-335
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• 2007

전종격동 하부에 심장과 연접한 이소성 흉선종은 폐암뿐 아니라 흉선종, 생식세포암, 림프종, 전이성 종양 등의 여러 질환과 감별이 필요하다. 병리조직상으로는 이소성 흉선종에 대한 주의가 없는 경우, 미분화상피암, 암성병변의 림프절 전이, 또는 림프구가 우세하게 관찰되는 경우 림프종 등으로 오진될 수도 있으므로 감별진단에 있어 주의가 필요하다. 또한 낭성 흉선종은 이러한 감별진단을 더욱 어렵게 한다. 저자들은 하부 종격동에 심장 우측과 연접하여 발생한 이소성 낭성 흉선종 환자 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7213-7218
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• 2014

Background: Egypt has one of the highest prevalences of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection worldwide. Although the IL28B gene polymorphism has been shown to modify the course of chronic HCV infection, this has not been properly assessed in the Egyptian population. Materials and Methods: The IL28B rs12979860 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was therefore examined in 256 HCV-infected Egyptian patients (group II) at different stages of disease progression and in 48 healthy volunteers (group I). Group II was subdivided into GII-A (chronic hepatitis patients, n=119), GII-B (post hepatitis cirrhosis, n=66) and GII-C (HCC on top of cirrhosis, n=71). Results: The C/T genotype was the commonest in all groups. It was more frequent in GI (52%) than in GII (48%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of C/T and C/C or T/T genotypes between groups and subgroups (p=0.82). Within the subgroups; the C/C genotype was more common in GII-B while C/T and T/T genotypes were more common in GII-C, though with no significant difference (p=0.59 and p=0.80). There was no significant association between IL28B rs12979860 SNP and viral load, ALT, AFP level, METAVIR scores for necro-inflammation and fibrosis, and Child-Pugh classification. Conclusions: 1) IL28Brs12979860 C/T genotype is the commonest genotype in HCV-associated CH and HCC in Egypt. 2) IL28Brs12979860 polymorphisms are not associated with disease progression or aggression (histological staging, severity of fibrosis in CH or the incidence of post-HCV HCC). 3) Differences in IL28Brs12979860 genotypes could be a consequence of environmental or ethnic variation.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.1229-1238
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• 2020

본 연구는 골프선수들의 의류선택에 대한 심리적 의미에 대하여 현상학적 분석 방법으로 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 2017년 10월부터 2018년 3월까지 골프투어에 참여하고 있는 남, 여 골프선수들을 대상으로 남자선수 4명, 여자선수 2명으로 총 6명을 눈덩이 표집법으로 연구 참여자를 선정하였으며, 자료분석은 심층면담과 참여관찰을 통해서 얻은 내용을 1차적으로 코딩하여 체계적으로 정리하고 분석하였으며, 2차적으로 주요 주제들이나 현상들을 중심으로 영역을 분류하여 범주화 작업을 진행하여 의미 있는 해석과 연구결과를 도출 할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한, 본 연구의 진실성과 타당도를 높이기 위해서 Guba & Lincoln(1981)이 제시한 질적연구의 수행 과정에 대하여 사실적 가치(truth value), 적용성(applicability), 일관성(consistency), 그리고 중립성(neutrality)의 4가지 평가로 연구의 객관성을 확보하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 나에게 맞는 옷, 징크스, 그리고 내 옷은 나의 얼굴이다가 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 선수들이 선택한 골프의류에 대한 심리적 의미를 이해하고 골프의류를 제작하는 과정에서 보다 선수들의 피드백을 제공 받을 수 있다는 긍정적 효과를 기대해 볼 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2009

Background and Objectives : Branchial anomaly is a common neck pathology seen by otolaryngologist. Although there is still controversy regarding the origin, almost all surgeon agree that branchial anomalies result from incomplete involution of the branchial apparatus. Depending on its anatomic location, branchial anomalies can be classified into first, second, third and fourth anomaly. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of different categories of branchial anomalies and to determine proper method of diagnosis and treatment. Subjects and Method : A retrospective chart review was conducted for 72 patients with branchial anomalies operated on at the Korea University Anam Hospital from 1996 to 2007. The patient's sex, age, presenting symptoms, classification, site of lesion, diagnostic studies, surgical therapy and post-operative surgical complication were reviewed. Results : Patients were commonly seen in the 3rd decades. Eleven patients(15.3%) were first branchial anomalies, 52(72.2%) were second, 1(1.4%) was third, and 8(11.1%) were fourth. Of the types of anomalies, cyst were most commonly seen. In cases of 3rd and 4th branchial anomalies, barium contrast study can delineate the course of sinus or fistula. All cases was operated on for branchial anomalies, there were no major post-operative complication. Conclusion : Cervical mass and recurrent cervical infection or abscess are suspect for branchial anomalies. Especially, clinical history of dysphagia, and recurrent painful swelling in the thyroid region in young patients should raise the suspicion of 3rd and 4th branchial anomalies. Careful history, clinical examination and radiographic study were essential parts in diagnosis of branchial anomalies. Although surgical management of branchial anomalies depend on its type, nature and extent, complete excision is the major surgical procedure.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2008

섬망은 의식의 장애와 인지 증상이 급성 발병을 하며 변동하는 경과를 보여주는 기질적인 정신과 증후군이다. 임상적 아형을 이상적으로 분류하기 위한 도구는 없지만 Lipowski(1983)가 섬망의 아형을 정신운동의 활동성을 기준으로 과활동성, 저활동성, 혼재성으로 분류한 이래로 연구자들 마다 다양한 도구를 이용하여 섬망의 아형을 임상적으로 구분하여 왔다. 그 연구 결과에 의하면 저활동성 섬망의 유병율이 과활동성 섬망에 비하여 오히려 많거나 적지 않은 것으로 보고되고 있지만 증상의 특성 때문에 저활동성 섬망의 임상적 진단이 적게 이루어지거나 우울증이나 치매 등으로 오인되는 경향을 보였다. 과활동성 섬망은 알코올 또는 벤조디아제핀 금단등에 의해 유발되며 도파민 과잉과 아세틸콜린의 결핍과 관련이 있으며 고역가 항정신병약물에 반응이 좋아 다른 아형에 비하여 예후가 양호한 반면에 저활동성 섬망은 대사성 뇌병증에 의한 경우가 흔하며 고역가 항정신병약물에 의한 반응이 예상보다 좋지 않는 경우가 있으며 임상적으로 정신자극제 치료가 효과적이라는 보고가 되고 있다. 입원 기간도 더 길고 인지 증상도 심하여 전반적으로 예후가 좋지 못한 경향이 있다. 섬망은 아형을 갖는 이질적인 증후군이다. 아형이 존재한다는 것은 아마도 각기 다른 기전에 의할 가능성을 시사하며 따라서 아형에 따라 구별되는 치료 전략이 필요할 것이다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제26권
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• pp.123-144
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• 2012

In the modern society in which globalization and localization proceed simultaneously, diversified and rapid migration of diaspora makes a new from of boundary off the frame of the state and the nation. This new border accompanies cultural change and racial mixture; retains ethnic conflict, the gap between rich and poor, alienation and discrimination, as well as power conflict; and extends its influence. Nowadays, the countries all over the world including Korea face problem of Diaspora in numerous forms. And each country takes an approach to the problem of the diaspora in the aspects of their society, culture and political technology. This implies that most countries, without understanding the new form of border which is alive and dynamic, define and conceptualize the diaspora in the frame of one state and one nation to carry forward the policies accordingly, resulting in inequal, incomplete and awkward homogenization. This study aimed to explore the identity of the diaspora, the core for the problem solving. Of course, studies about the identity of the diaspora have been continued until today and many great outcomes have been achieved. Nevertheless, this study aimed to explore the identity of the diaspora and the national policies which have a close interrelationship with it. It is because the study ultimately aimed to highlight the interrelationship between the destination countries, Russia and China, and the diaspora, through the definition and the classification of Russian diaspora and Chinese diaspora and the analysis of the national policies about that. However, the intention was not to distinguish superiority through the comparison of the polices about the diaspora between two countries, but to focus on the diversity of the identity of the diaspora through defining each different diaspora and paralleling the policies. Second, the reason for looking into the diaspora policies of these two countries is because it is judged the changes in the diaspora policies of each country is one of the active factors for the changes in the identify of the diaspora of each country and it is the basic research for the study on the identity of the diaspora. New migration of diaspora changes the identity of the state, and the state makes the policies and enforce the policies, resulting in the influence on the diaspora. This interaction acts as the growth factor for the new boundary. The causes of Russian diaspora and Chinese diaspora show apparent 'differences'. In parallel with this, the policies about the diaspora in Russia and China arouse 'differences' to the diaspora. The variation of the identity of the diaspora made by these differences will suggest other viewpoints on the diaspora, and these viewpoints will become the foundation for solving the problem of the diaspora in the present times.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제39권
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• pp.241-286
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• 2015

This study explores how folktales' motifs are used in diverse cultural contents such as literature, movies, or comics. More precisely, it is concerned with mysterious characters like Babayaga and Koshchei who appear in Russian fairytales. When the motifs of the reviewed literature are analyzed, the following three criteria are used for classification: New Writing, Rewriting, and New Version. Or course, it is New Writing that is far from the original work. Most of the collected works, including Joan Aiken's The Kingdom Under the Sea, Patricia Polacco's Babushka's Doll, Babushka Baba Yaga, and Tai?-Marc Le Thanh's BABAYAGA, belong to New Writing. The New Writing type mainly focuses on Babayaga's secluded life. In fairytales, Babayaga is depicted as the goddess of Mother Earth, the heroine of the Nature, or the ruler of the Animal Kingdom. That is why she lives in the deep and uninhabited wood. She is related to the Coming of Age ceremony. Her 'Hut on hen's legs' is an obstacle for immature protagonists to face before they come of age. Protagonists are supposed to solve the problems posed by Babayaga. If they succeed, they can get her magical help so as to complete their final mission. Babayaga is likely to appear as their antagonist. Protagonist may be subjected to a terrible ordeal created by Babayaga, and then come of age by recovering from that ordeal. Sometimes, Babayaga helps protagonists to get a grip on reality. That is why she lives in a hut in the deep and dark forest which is on the borderline between life and death. On the other hand, Marianna Mayer's Baba Yaga and Vasilisa the Brave has been classified as a controversial work between New Writing and Rewriting. It is apparently closer to New Version. However, it cannot be classified as a work of New Version because the author incorporates 'probability' into her work. Among the reviewed works, it is Korean Writer Rye, Kami's The Spider Woman's House that best reflects the essence of Babayaga. Babayaga and other characters are amusing in movies because most of the movies are animations for children. In one sense, it is positive that the scary characters in folktales are approachable to children. In other sense, however, it is regrettable that symbolic motifs are completely eliminated. In Mike Mignola's Hellboy, Japanese animations such as Index or Narutaru, on-line games such as Cabal or Vampire: The masquerade, the essence of the supernatural characters in folktales is completely eliminated, and only their 'belligerent power' stands out. It is desirable to put stories into perspective whether they are written or told. The literature property of folktales provides a special opportunity to readers. In this light, a variety of motifs have a good reason to be reborn as modern cultural contents. The bottom line is to maintain its true nature.