• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2018

Exports play an important role in Korea's economy and industry. Korea's share in world trade is also increasing. Governments and trade organizations are making great efforts to promote exports. However, since SMEs lack resources of enterprises, SMEs have a lot of difficulties in increasing exports compared to large enterprises. For this reason, in this study, we analyzed the difference of perception of export difficulties according to characteristics of small and medium export companies. As a result, four factors such as overseas market information, price and cost, competitiveness and regulation of importing country were derived. In addition, we investigated the differences in recognition of export difficulties by the stage of growth of company, period of export, products exported, export department, size of company. There was a significant difference in recognition. Especially, The companies which are the early stages of growth, short export period, finished product, the smaller the size of exports companies are more difficult in export difficulties.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.66-78
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• 2012

China is becoming a global hot topic because of its rapid economic growth. However, the country show signs of not meeting the expectation of retaining its long-term industrial competitiveness and economic growth, especially with a widening rich-poor gap and natural resource exhaustion. Realizing inclusive growth requires study of an inclusive innovation solution. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility and development path of China's inclusive innovation based on the framework of a National Innovation System, identify examples of inclusive innovation in China, and seek to provide policy suggestions for China's future sustainable development.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.165-166
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• 2010

오늘날 국제사회는 세계 곳곳에서 열어나고 있는 환경위기를 인식하여 국제환경협약과 선진국의 환경 규제를 강화하고 있다. 특히 항만도시들은 선박 및 화물자동차에서 배출되는 대기오염물질 등으로 항만의 높은 오염도에 많은 위협을 받고 있다. 이렇듯 세계적으로 환경 규제 논의가 활발한 지급 이미 선진국(미국, 일본, EU)에서는 친환경 항만정책 및 프로그램을 적극 투자하여 실현하고 있는 추세이다. 앞으로 더욱 엄격해질 환경규제(교토의정서, IMO협약 등) 속에서 저탄소 배출관리는 부산항의 미래 항만전략에서 경쟁력을 가지기 위해서 꼭 필요한 요소가 될 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 친환경정책에 앞장선 주요 선진국의 사례를 통해 항만과 배후 철송장과의 효율적인 연계방안에 대해 연구하는데 의의가 있다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2016

There is an expanding global network of free trade agreements (FTA). High-quality, comprehensive free trade agreements play an important role to support global trade liberalization and are explicitly allowed under the World Trade Organization (WTO) rules. An FTA is an international treaty that removes barriers to trade and facilitates stronger trade and commercial ties that contribute to increased economic integration between participating countries. Korea benefits from the global FTA trend; however it has started and developed FTA negotiations later than other countries. Current FTA agreements exist with Chile, Singapore, EFTA, ASIAN, India, EU, Peru, USA, Turkey, Australia, and Canada; in addition, there are ongoing negotiations with China, Colombia, New Zealand, and Vietnam. FTA open up opportunities for the textile/clothing industry to expand businesses into key overseas markets. FTA improve market access across all areas of trade to help maintain and stimulate the competitiveness of textile/clothing firms. This study examines the expansion of free trade agreements in light of changes in the international trade environment and the status of the Korean textile/clothing industry. Korea's textile/clothing export/import products and concession of tariff, country of origin covered under Korea-US/China FTA are investigated to identify problems. This study provides practical and policy implications for the textile/clothing industry in regards to the Korea-US/China FTA.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2006년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.587-592
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• 2006

현재 우리나라의 해양 수산 해운분야의 종합정보통신망의 구측이 필요한 이유는 해양의 중요성과 관련종사자 및 어민에 대한 기초정보 제시와 함께 연구 인프라 구축과 관련하여 국민들에게 자료를 제공하며, 이를 위하여 해양 수산 및 해운의 각 분야에 분산된 연구정보와 기타 관련 정보들을 수집 분석한 뒤 DB화하여, 체계적인 정보 유통체제를 구축하고 해양정보 취합을 위한 원격자료 통합관리시스템을 운영함으로써 국내외 대학, 연구기관 및 기업체를 연계하고 활발한 정보의 공유화 교류를 통하여 우리나라의 해양, 수산의 발전뿐만 아니라 국가 경쟁력 강화에 이바지 할 수 있도록 연구하고자 한다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.87-100
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• 2019

A country's participation in international technical standards development directly relates to its trade competitiveness. Many countries adopt international standards or influence their development process through the ISO/IEC. This study applies the ABCD Model to assess such activities through a constructed ITS index, not only in terms of 'level' of contribution but also in terms of 'process' participation that can give important implications related to the future potential influence of countries in standards development. Having examined seven countries, Korea showed the lowest score implying the need to enhance its performance in both 'international standards adoption' and 'internationalization of domestic standards'. Korea needs to more actively participate in currently on-going standards development processes, establish more offices that improve accuracy in the development, and consider participating in additional committees where domestic interests may potentially be at stake. Although KATS has improved greatly in regards to its relevant activities and database construction, a more active and specific plan must be made to allow its efforts to successfully influence Korea in international standards development. Confronted with strong challenges from directly competing countries in trade like China and Japan that showed better ITS scores, there is a need for Korea to step up its research and participation in this field.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.471-493
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• 2010

전 세계적으로 서비스 산업의 중요성은 더욱 부각되고 있다. 우리나라 역시 서비스 산업이 국내 GDP의 60%이상을 점유하는 만큼 서비스 산업의 중요성은 매우 크다. 그러나 우리나라의 서비스 산업의 생산성 및 경쟁력은 주요 선진국들에 비하여 매우 낮은 것으로 평가되고 있다. 이러한 생산성의 격차는 부가가치가 높은 핵심 지식서비스 산업 분야에서 더욱 커진다. 띠라서 국가 경쟁력 제고 차원의 국내 서비스 산업의 경쟁력 강화가 필수적이다. 이와 관련, 최근 서비스 산업의 혁신을 위한 다양한 혁신 모델들이 연구되고 있다. 서비스 분야에서도 기존의 제조업 분야와 마찬가지로 생산성과 효율성을 증가시키기 위해 보다 과학적이고 체계적인 모델의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 서비스 산업에서의 과학기술의 활용을 기반으로 한 혁신모델을 제시하기 위해서 기술경영의 관점에서 '전략적 서비스 혁신경영'의 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 이러한 모델을 바탕으로 기술혁신을 도입하여 기업의 성과를 크게 끌어올린 월마트 사례와 최첨단 기술이 접목된 복합 산업적 공간으로 세계적 경쟁력을 가진 인천국제공항공사의 사례를 분석하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 전략적 서비스 혁신경영의 모델을 기반으로 두 사례를 분석한 결과 두 기업은 모두 전략적 서비스 혁신경영의 모델의 요소인 전략적 의도, 기술혁신, 조직혁신을 포함하는 통합적 관점의 혁신전략을 가지고 조직의 성과를 높인 것으로 평가된다. 특히 과학기술의 혁신을 바탕으로 조직혁신을 전사적인 차원 추진하여 높은 혁신성과를 창출하였다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.151-178
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• 2014

리히텐슈타인의 글로벌 전동공구 기업 Hilti는 유럽의 미소국에서 작은 가족기업으로 출발하여 태생적인 입지적 약점을 극복하고, 현재 120여 개국에 진출한 건설장비 및 공구산업에서 글로벌 기업으로 자리매김한 하나의 성공사례이다. 또한 Hilti의 글로벌 시장성공은 국제경쟁력 결정요인으로서 요소조건과 수요조건 등 일국의 내생적 조건의 중요성을 설명하는 Porter의 diamond 이론에 배치되는 하나의 사례로 평가될 수 있다. 즉, Hilti의 글로벌 시장 성공사례는 누가 무엇을 얼마나 가지고 출발하느냐가 아니라 주어진 환경조건에서 자신의 역량을 얼마나 효율적으로 활용하느냐에 따라 기업은 타고난 내생적 한계를 극복하고 경쟁적 지위를 확보하는데 더 중요하다는 사실을 확인시켜주고 있다. 본 사례연구에서는 Hilti의 글로벌 경쟁력 및 성공요인을 기업특유자산과 전략특유자산 관점에서 분석하고, 시장성공 요인을 고품질의 제품개발역량, 조직 혁신성, 고객지향에 입각한 마케팅전략 그리고 글로벌화 전략 등으로 제시하였다. Hilti의 글로벌 성공에서 한국 제조 중소기업들에게 제시될 수 있는 시사점은 무엇보다 기업의 혁신 노력과 고객지향에 기반 한 명확한 비즈니스 전략과 전략의 구현이라고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.21-47
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• 2021

Purpose - Offshoring has emerged as one of the major trends in international trade and has become one of the strategies for achieving competitiveness in the global market. In spite of this, the expected gains of offshoring can be offset by hidden costs and risks, such as those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, the trade war between the USA and China, and the ongoing trade dispute between Korea and Japan. To obviate such business failure and prevent critical business blunders, offshoring strategies that efficiently consider both risk elements and potential wealth creation are urgently need. The first purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of more advanced offshoring strategies to help host countries select the best locations to manage supply chain risks and create unique value. The second purpose is to specifically analyze the current status of Korea and provide Korean companies with implications to be considered when deciding whether to offshore or re-shore. Design/methodology - A Network DEA model was applied to measure the comparative location efficiency of national competencies for offshoring strategy from perspectives of wealth creation opportunities (profitability and marketability) and supply chain risk management. The location efficiencies are compared among a total 70 countries selected from the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and globally attractive locations outlined by Kearney (2017). For the secondary analysis of efficiency, a t-test examining the nature of competitive advantage and the level of sophistication in production processes was implemented in three divisions. We then analyzed differences in offshoring performance in terms of the identified national traits. Moreover, Tobit regression analysis is conducted to investigate the correlation between value-added business activities and each divisional efficiency, seeking to determine how each degree of value-added business activity influences the increase in offshoring productivity. Findings - Regarding overall location efficiency for offshoring performance, only the USA and Italy were identified as being efficient as host countries for offshoring, under circumstances of advanced development, such as productivity and risk management. Korea ranks 13th among 70 countries. The determinants of national competitiveness depend on national traits (the nature of competitive advantage and business sophistication). Countries with labor/resource advantages and labor-intensive industries are more competitive in terms of marketability than others. In contrast, countries with strong technology-intensive industries benefit offshoring companies, particularly in the technology sector, with the added advantage of supply chain risk management. As the perception of a value chain is broader in a country, it can achieve both production sophistication and competitive advantages such as marketability and SCRM. Originality/value - Existing studies focus on offshoring effectiveness from a company perspective. This paper contributes to comparing country efficiency in producing core competencies related to an offshoring strategy and also segments countries into three performance-based considerations associated with the global offshoring market. It also details Korea's position as an offshoring location according to national efficiency and competency.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.462-473
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• 2008

In recent years, Korea's apparel exports to the USA have faced a great threat, as the trade environment around the world has changed continually. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitive position of Korean apparel exports to the USA, and to enhance export competitiveness by applying to offshore sourcing. The trade data of the Office of Textiles and Apparel(OTEXA) in the U.S. Department of Commerce were selected for inquiry about export competitiveness of apparel products made in Korea. In addition, we targeted members of the Korea Apparel Industry Association among the 500 exporters of clothing items in "The Import and Export Textile Product 2003." A total 70 sheets were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Korean apparel exports to USA have decreased by 20-35 percent per year since 2005 under the Free Trade Area, showing that Korean apparel industries have not adapted to the new trade environment. Although Korean apparel exports to USA have indicated a trade surplus from now on, Korean apparel industries should find new ways to overcome this situation, diminishing exports and increasing imports. 2) Korean apparel companies selected more offshore sourcing than domestic sourcing. Also, as Korean apparel companies manufactured apparel products offshore, foreign subcontracting outranked manufacturing in their own foreign plants. When they chose foreign countries to source, they turned mainly to China and Vietnam. Also, they considered the target country's manufacturing price, labor stability, apparel products, quality, lead time, and so on. In order to increase apparel exports, Korean apparel industries should focus more on developing competitively new apparel products, improving the ability of sourcing management, and establishing on-the-spot agencies.