• Title/Summary/Keyword: Costal route

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Determination of Optimal Ship Route in Coastal Sea Considering Sea State and Under Keel Clearance (해상 상태 및 선저여유수심을 고려한 연안 내 선박의 최적 항로 결정)

  • Lee, Wonhee;Yoo, Wonchul;Choi, Gwang-Hyeok;Ham, Seung-Ho;Kim, Tae-wan
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.56 no.6
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    • pp.480-487
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    • 2019
  • Ship route planning is to find a route to minimize voyage time and/or fuel consumption in a given sea state. Unlike previous studies, this study proposes an optimization method for the route planning to avoid the grounding risk near the coast. The route waypoints were searched using A* algorithm, and the route simplification was performed to remove redundant waypoints using Douglas-Peucker algorithm. The optimization was performed to minimize fuel consumption by setting the optimization design parameters to the engine rpm. The sea state factors such as wind, wave, and current are also considered for route planning. We propose the constraint to avoid ground risk by using under keel clearance obtained from electoronic navigational chart. The proposed method was applied to find the optimal route between Mokpo and Jeju. The result showed that the proposed method suggests the optimal route that minimizes fuel consumption.

Characteristics of Ship's Traffic Route in Yeosu·Gwangyang Port (여수·광양항 출입항로 통항 특성)

  • KIM, Dae-Jin
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.539-549
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    • 2016
  • This study analyzed ship's passing characteristics in relation with incoming and outgoing routes in Yeosu Gwangyang Port, and examined the risk factors and measures for safety management of marine traffic. The number of passing ships in Yeosu Gwangyang Port was about 60,000 ships annually based on 2014, and the tonnage rose 73% from 447,000 thousand tons in 2005 to 770,000 thousand tons in 2014. Actually, the number of large passing ships was revealed to enormously increase. As a result of marine traffic survey in Yeosu Gwangyang Port for three days in August 2015, daily average passing ships were 408 ships, and 77% of the total passing ships passed between 04:00 and 20:00. The chemical ships and general cargo ships took up the most at 58% of the total incoming and outgoing ships, followed by other work ships at 21%, tankers at 8%, fishing vessels at 7.5% and container ships at 5.5%. Concerning the size of passing ships, ships less than 1,000 tons accounted for 58.6% of the total passing ships. Ships of 1,000-5,000 tons were 20.1%, and those of 5,000-10,000 tons were 6.8%, and more than 10,000 tons were 14.4%. Especially, ships of 500 tons and less using mainly coastal passing routes took up 49% of the total passing ships. As for ship's passage ratio by route, Nakpo sea area where many routes meet accounted for 27.2%, specified area 49%, costal route 8%, specified area's incoming and outgoing sea area around Daedo 4.5%, and Dolsan coastal ara and Kumhodo sea area 8.5%. The number of ships standing by for anchoring in the six designated anchorages was 230 for three days. The standby rate for anchoring was 25% based on the specified area passing ships. In Nakpo sea area, where many routes meet, parallel passing and cross passing between ships occurred the most frequently. In the specified area, many cases, in which incoming and outgoing cargo ships at the starting and ending parts and incoming and outgoing work ships and fishing vessels at the coastal routes cross, took place. Consequently, the following measures are urgently needed: active passing management in the Nakpo sea area, where passing routes are complex, specified areas and costal traffic routes, the elimination of rocks in the route close to Myodo, an effort to improve routes including shallow depth area dredging, and rational safety management for small work ships frequently incoming and outgoing the passing routes of large ships, and fishing vessels operated in the sea areas around those passing routes.

An Estimation Algorithm of the Trip Distribution of Ships between Harbours (우리나라 연안의 상해교통관제시스템 설치를 위한 기초연구 항만간 교통량분포의 추정알고리즘)

  • 이철영;구자윤
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.89-97
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    • 1987
  • Trip distribution plays an important role in the analysis and network evaluation phases of the transportation and the traffic planing process. In this paper, the authors propose an algorithm for estimating the trip distribution between each pair of zones such as harbours and straits. The algorithm is formulated by using the observed data and introducing the concept of entropy when observed data between harbours were not existed. In order to examine the feasbility , the proposed algorithm is applied to ships on traffic route in Hanryu Sudo and in Korea costal waterway. And also, its validity is examined by comparing another algorithm through statistical test.

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Maritime Navigation to Aid Costal Sailing of Small-Size Ship (소형선의 연안항해를 지원하는 해상내비게이션)

  • Yun, Jae-jun;Mun, Jung-hwan;Chong, Jong-teak;Kim, Geun-ung;Choi, Jo-cheon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.371-378
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    • 2016
  • We have studied on the maritime navigation with functions of navigation route search and maritime safety information for small-size fishery ships, fishing boats, yachts, and boats in coastal seas. We have designed a smart phone application which is more exact information on marine obstacles of islands, aquafarms, and rocks by using land navigation techniques. Our navigation system is relatively easy to be used for costal navigation and may be a substitute for expensive ECDIS(Electronic Chart Display and Information System). Our system consists of maritime navigation databases to manage necessary maritime data and a mobile application to support maritime navigation for operators. We believe that our research findings can improve safety navigation in coastal seas by supporting lower cost, no time-consuming installation and maintenance, and easy-to-use operations.

Establishment of Navigational Risk Assessment Model Combining Dynamic Ship Domain and Collision Judgement Model (선박동적영역과 충돌위험평가식을 결합한 항해위험성평가모델 전개)

  • Kim, Won-Ouk;Kim, Chang-Je
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.36-42
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    • 2018
  • This paper considers the Marine Traffic Risk Assessment for fixed and moving targets, which threaten officers during a voyage. The Collision Risk Assessment Formula was calculated based on a dynamic ship domain considering the length, speed and maneuvering capability of a vessel. In particular, the Navigation Risk Assessment Model that is used to quantitatively index the effect of a ship's size, speed, etc. has been reviewed and improved using a hybrid combination of a vessel's dynamic area and the Collision Risk Assessment Formula. Accordingly, a new type of Marine Traffic Risk Assessment Model has been suggested giving consideration to the Speed Length Ratio, which was not sufficiently reflected in the existing Risk Assessment Model. The larger the Speed Length Ratio (dimensionless speed), the higher the CJ value. That is, the CJ value is presented well by the Speed Length Ratio. When the Speed Length Ratio is large, states ranging from [Caution], [Warning], [Dangerous] or [Very Dangerous] are presented from a greater distance than when the Speed Length Ratio is small. The results of this study, can be used for route and port development, including dangerous route avoidance, optimum route planning, breakwater width, bridge span, etc. as well as the development of costal navigation safety charts. This research is also applicable for the selection of optimum ship routing and the prevention of collisions for smart ships such as autonomous vessels.

A Study on the Development of Curriculum of Polar safety training (극지기초안전교육과정 개발에 관한 연구)

  • LEE, Jin-Woo;KIM, E-Wan;WOO, Young-Jin;LEE, Chang-Hee
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.1031-1041
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    • 2016
  • Interests in the Polar Regions have been growing due to various factors such as depletion of natural resources and advanced resource development technologies, accelerated rate of polar ice melting as a result of global warming, etc. In particular, demand for the workforce related to vessel passage using the Northern Sea Route and polar studies is still expanding. The International Maritime Organization adopted the Polar Code in 2015 for the safety of ship operation in polar waters and it will enter into force from 2017. But education and training section in the code has been prescribed only for the safe navigation in the ice covered waters intended for navigational offices. There is no basic safety training requirement that applies commonly for all personnel exposed to the risk of the polar regions and the relevant study or discussion has not been made so far. Therefore, this study provides basic data for developing safety training courses for crew and other personnel by analyzing relevant regulations on polar safety training and the contents of relevant safety training in offshore industry required by the costal states adjacent to arctic ocean.

A Study on Optimized Size of a Mobile Harbor for South Korea Coastal Service

  • Heo, Sung-Kuk;Park, Nam-Kyu
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.159-165
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    • 2011
  • The aim of paper is to calculate the optimized size of Mobile Harbor(MH) which would be operated in South Korea coast area. MH is the combined entity which has the function of both ship and container port. In estimating the optimized size, the total cost concept is applied to the different size of MH. Trade-off factors for calculating total cost are MH cost and the over-capacity lost cost. The factors for MH cost estimation are the cargo demand, distance from origin to destination, voyage route and MH's fixed and variable cost in both sailing and port. The other cost is the over-capacity lost cost which is occurred from dead space in case of oversize compared with a voyage demand. The alternatives for the least cost are 250TEU, 500TEU, 750TEU and 1,000TEU sized vessel. The result of research is that 250TEU sized vessel is optimized in a South Korea costal service. If the coastal area be separated in terms of voyage distance or the specific area in considering trade, the optimized size is changed depending upon distance.

Evaluation of Areas and Routes for Construction of a Hub & Spork System for Costal Passenger Ships Using the AHP Method (AHP법을 이용한 연안여객선 지간선 체계 구축 권역 및 항로 평가)

  • Jang, Woon-Jae
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 2017
  • This study identified a candidate area and route for construction of a hub & spork system for coastal passenger ships. For this purpose, the characteristics of the hierarchy structure of other transportation and the operating system of coastal passenger ships were analyzed. Evaluation factors for selecting alternative areas and routes for the construction project were then extracted. Secondly, the relative importance of these evaluation factors for alternative routes were calculated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Finally, the importance of these evaluation items and quality of the alternative areas and routes were considered to select a primary candidate area and route. Therefore, four evaluation items such as the number of passenger-ship routes, the number of passengers, the number of cars, and the number of residences were extracted, and the Mokpo area was selected as the target area. In addition, four evaluation items such as he number of islanders, the number of local governments, geographical conditions and passenger ship operators were extracted, and the Yeonggwang route was selected as priority candidates for this construction project. Meanwhile, for the expansive implementation, step-by-step promotion is needed along with the expansion of terminal facilities, the securing of large ships, and the introduction of a semi-public system for coastal passenger ships.

A Study on the Performance Activities of the TQM Implementation in Shipping Industry (해운기업의 TQM활동과 실행성과에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dong-Hoon;Shin, Han-Won;Ko, Soo-Bok
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.9
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    • pp.129-151
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    • 2002
  • Today, shipping companies have shown the positive volition to the finding of chanced market through the development of new route with the new recognition and enhancement of competitiveness on the quality management in order to cope with the sharply-changing environment of shipping industry. Accordingly, this study is an empirical study which attempts the general and situational approach in order to clarify what TQM source, Activities and performance affect the enterprises and how it is different upon the step of quality management activities in the object of the incidental business related to the oceangoing and costal transportation, and marine and the groups related to the marines, subdividing the area of offering the shipping service.

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A Study on the Evaluation of Coastal Shipping's Centrality Using a Social Network Analysis (SNA를 활용한 연안해운 중심성 평가에 관한 연구)

  • LEE, Hae-Chan;Park, Sung-Hoon;Yeo, Gi-Tae
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.69-81
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    • 2021
  • Coastal shipping performs a pivotal role as a national transportation network and is highly valuable in terms of enabling more economical transportation at affordable prices than road transportation. In this regard, this study aimed to examine changes in the characteristics and centrality of South Korea's costal shipping sea-route networks by analyzing the centrality of domestic coastal shipping. To this end, social network analysis was used as an analysis technique that enables an analysis on the characteristics of coastal shipping networks. As a result, Jeollanam-do showed the highest degree centrality, ranking first in both the in-degree and the out-degree. Jeollanam-do also exhibited the highest betweenness centrality, and Gangwon-do registered the highest closeness centrality. In terms of hub and authority centrality, Jeollanam-do topped the list, followed by Gyeongsangnam-do and Gangwon-do in order. Lastly, Jeollanam-do ranked highest in the hub index, followed by Incheon, other regions, and Gangwon-do in order. This study is significant for suggesting the cities and provinces that play a key role in coastal shipping each year and their corresponding items. Future studies are recommended to identify the trend of coastal shipping through more detailed research on each port by city and province.