• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cost-efficacy

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of Psychotropic Drugs (향정신성약물의 치료적 약물농도 검사)

  • Yang, Byung-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.56-65
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    • 1998
  • Clinicians can use therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM) to optimise dosage decisions with psychotropic drugs, in order to maximize efficacy and prevent toxicity, especially when individuals are nonresponsive to treatment or vulnerable to adverse reactions with standard doses because age, disease states or drug interactions. Currently, therapeutic drug concentrations have been established for the TCA and lithium. There is also evidence for the usefulness of TDM with carbamazepine, valproic acid and some antipsychotic drugs. However for most psychotropic drugs this approach remains experimental. TDM-assisted psychiatric treatment is potentially useful and cost effective, particularly when applied by psychiatrists who are knowledgeable of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

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Nuclear Cardiology in Acute Coronary Syndrome (급성관상동맹증후군에서 심장핵의학의 이용)

  • Paeng, Jin-Chul;Lee, Dong-Soo
    • Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.215-221
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    • 2009
  • Nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging is very effective in the evaluation of patients with suspicious acute coronary syndrome (ACS), for adequate diagnosis and treatment. There have been many clinical evidences to support the efficacy and cost-effectiveness. In addition, many authoritative guidelines support the utility of myocardial perfusion imaging in ACS with an appropriate diagnostic protocol. However, with the development of other cardiac imaging modalities, the choice of modality for the diagnosis of suspicious ACS now depends on the availability of each modality in each institute. Newly developed imaging technologies, especially including molecular imaging, are expected to have great potential not only for diagnosis but also for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of ACS.

Output Feedback Control and Its Application to a Flexible Spacecraft

  • Sung, Yoon-Gyeoung;Joo, Hae-Ho
    • International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.105-114
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    • 2000
  • An output feedback control (OFC) is presented for a linear stochastic system with known disturbance and applied to a flexible spacecraft for the reduction of residual vibration while allowing the natural deflection during operation. By converting the tracking problem into regulator problem, the OFC minimizes the expected value of a guadratic objective function composing of error stats which always remain on the intersection of sliding hypersurfaces. For the numerical evaluation with a flexible spacecraft, a large slewing maneuver strategy is devised with a tracking model for nominal trajectory and start-cost-stop strategy for economical maneuver in conjunction with the input shaping technique. The performance and efficacy of the proposed control scheme are illustrated with the comparison of different maneuver strategies.

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A Study on The Mechanical Properties of Permanent Form Mortar (비탈형 영구거푸집용 굳은모르터의 특성에 관한 연구)

  • 김우재;이영도;임남기;김성식;문장수;정상진
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 1997.10a
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    • pp.166-173
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    • 1997
  • The present problem of this country building market in the face of 3D, in addition to a rise in construction cost, materials problems and opening a building market to foreign countries, is finding the efficient ways of overcoming these problems. So the efficacy of form work in technical improvement becomes important through scientific methods of the design and construction as advancement in th study of strength for Permanent form mortar is possible. According to the increment of polymer-cement ration, the degree of bending strength and compressive strength and impact strength increases. The optimum volume content of glass fiber seemed to be about 2.5% considering the distribution of glass fiber, workability and economy.

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Use of in vitro assays for evaluating physiological functionality of foods: General consideration

  • Chun Hyang Sook
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.74-77
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    • 2003
  • A new health paradigm may be evolving that would place emphasis on the positive aspects of diet, identifying components that are physiologically active and that contribute to the prevention of disease onset. It has been increasingly difficult to evaluate the impact of new bioactive materials and food products on the well being of society. Thus, testing systems for both health function and toxicity have become very elaborate, complex, and interrelated, making their interpretation difficult and open to controversy. To select the proper starting materials, to screen the appropriate health functionality and to determine the efficacy of product, a reliable, reproducible, sensitive and predictive assay is required. Particularly, in uitro assay is the first stage in preclinical test on physiologically active materials and have many advantages in terms of time, cost and convenience. However, several factors as well as some limitations should be considered in this assay system. This presentation, therefore, will address the use of in uitro assays for evaluating physiological functionality of foods coupled with general consideration.

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Perspective for Clinical Application and Research of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Physical Therapy

  • Kim, Chung-Sun;Nam, Seok-Hyun
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 2010
  • Neurostimulation approaches have been developed and explored to modulate neuroplastic changes of cortical function in human brain. As one of the most primary noninvasive tools, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was extensively studied in the field of neuroscience. The alternation of cortical neurons depending on the polarity of the tDCS has been used for improving cognitive processing including working memory, learning, and language in normal individuals, as well as in patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases. In addition, tDCS has great advantages: it is a non-invasive, painless, safe, and cost-effective approach to enhance brain function in normal subjects and patients with neurological disorders. Numerous previous studies have confirmed the efficacy of tDCS. However, tDCS has not been considered for clinical applications and research in the field of physical therapy. Therefore, this review will focus on the general principles of tDCS and its related application parameters, and provide consideration of motor behavioral research and clinical applications in physical therapy.

A Methodology and Reliability for Selecting the Optimal Model among Ten Models of Crushing Machine with Various Constraints (다양한 제약조건을 갖는 열개의 파쇄장비 모델들 중 최적 모델 선정을 위한 방법과 신뢰성)

  • Leem Young Moon;Hwang Young Seob
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.159-166
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    • 2005
  • It is not difficult to see the road repairing. There are many and various machines which crush road surface. The efficiency and power of the machine depend on crushing head-shape, crushing interval, crushing load, crushing stress, machine's dropping height and roller's kind. The objective of this study is to select the optimal model among ten models of crushing machine with constraints such as crushing depth, variation, and crushed particle size. And then this paper provides the valid theoretical base on selected model. The data for this study are chosen from the site of construction in Kangnung during three months (2004. 6. 1${\~}$2004. 8. 31). The provided methodology in this paper will be fruitful not only for the selection of crushing machine but also for the aspects of construction period, cost, work efficacy according to the condition from the various sites of construction.

A Research of Mock-up evaluation of Permanent Form in site (비탈형 영구거푸집의 시공성능 평가에 관한 연구)

  • 김형남;김우재;김성식;김영희;정상진
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 1998.10b
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    • pp.906-911
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    • 1998
  • This study is about an application of permanent form to the field. The present problem of this country's building market in the face of 3D, in addition to construction cost increase, materials lack problems and opening a building market to foreign countries, is trying to find out the efficient ways of overcoming these problems. So the efficacy of form work to technical improvement will contribute a practical permanent form in field through scientific test of the design and construction of permanent form. According to the result of these experiments, they seemed to be a permissible error range of Permanent form ± 5mm and steel reinforcing of Permanent form seemed to be ±5mm. a modification of Permanent form is superior to any wooden form.

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A Genetic Algorithm for Two-sided Assembly Line Balancing (양면 조립라인 밸런싱을 위한 유전알고리듬)

  • Kim, Yeo-Keun;Kim, Yong-Ju;Kim, Jun-Hyuk;Kwak, Jai-Seung
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.132-142
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    • 1999
  • Two-sided (left- and right-sided) assembly lines in practice can provide several advantages over one-sided lines in terms of the required line length, throughput time, cost of tools and fixtures, and so on. This paper considers two-sided assembly line balancing with the objective of minimizing line length. The balancing problem is more complicated than that of one-sided lines due to sequence-dependency of tasks assigned to a pair of directly facing workstations. This paper shows how genetic algorithm can be used to solve two-sided assembly line balancing. For this, an encoding and a decoding method suitable to the problem are presented. Proper genetic operators and an evalutation function are also employed. Extensive computational experiments are carried out to show the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the algorithm is viable and promising in solution quality and computation time.

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A Study for Selecting the Optimal Model among Ten Models of Crushing Machine with Various Constraints Related to Road Repairing (도로공사에 관련된 많은 제약조건을 갖는 열개의 파쇄장비 모델들 중 최적 모델 선정에 관한 연구)

  • Im Yeong Mun;Hwang Yeong Seop
    • Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.125-130
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    • 2004
  • It is not difficult to see the road repairing. There are many and various machines that can crush road surface. The efficiency and power of the machine depend on crushing head-shape, crushing interval, crushing load, crushing stress, machine's dropping height and roller's kind. The objective of this study is to select the optimal model among ten models of crushing machine with constraints such as crushing depth, variation, and crushed particle size. The data for this study are chosen from the site of construction in Kangnung during three months ($2004.\;6.\;1\;\sim\;2004.\;8.\;31$). The provided methodology in this paper will be fruitful not only for the selection of crushing machine but also for the aspects of construction period, cost, work efficacy according to the condition from the various sites of construction.

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