• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.327-331
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• 2007

The AMOLED industry must compete with AMLCD displays by standardizing around scaleable technology platforms that deliver display-performance and manufacturing-cost goals. Kodak White OLED device rchitectures have the potential to achieve the best performance and cost tradeoffs. Here we describe the building blocks necessary for delivering effective AMOLED mass production technologies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.6857-6862
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• 2015

Background: To identify the optimal cost effective strategy for the management of women having ASC-US who attended at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KMCH). Design: An Economical Analysis based on a retrospective study. Subject: The women who were referred to the gynecological department due to screening result of ASC-US at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, a general and tertiary referral center in Bangkok Thailand, from Jan 2008 - Dec 2012. Materials and Methods: A decision tree-based was constructed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of three follow up strategies in the management of ASC-US results: repeat cytology, triage with HPV testing and immediate colposcopy. Each ASC-US woman made the decision of each strategy after receiving all details about this algorithm, advantages and disadvantages of each strategy from a doctor. The model compared the incremental costs per case of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) detected as measured by incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results: From the provider's perspective, immediate colposcopy is the least costly strategy and also the most effective option among the three follow up strategies. Compared with HPV triage, repeat cytology triage is less costly than HPV triage, whereas the latter provides a more effective option at an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 56,048 Baht per additional case of CIN 2+ detected. From the patient's perspective, the least costly and least effective is repeat cytology triage. Repeat colposcopy has an incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) of 2,500 Baht per additional case of CIN2+ detected when compared to colposcopy. From the sensitivity analysis, immediate colposcopy triage is no longer cost effective when the cost exceeds 2,250 Baht or the cost of cytology is less than 50 Baht (1USD = 31.58 THB). Conclusions: In women with ASC-US cytology, colposcopy is more cost-effective than repeat cytology or triage with HPV testing for both provider and patient perspectives.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.101-110
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• 2011

Objectives: Screening for colorectal cancer is considered cost effective, but is underutilized in the U.S. Information on the efficiency of "tailored interventions" to promote colorectal cancer screening in primary care settings is limited. The paper reports the results of a cost effectiveness analysis that compared a survey-only control group to a Centers for Disease Control (CDC) web-based intervention (screen for life) and to a tailored interactive computer-based intervention. Methods: A randomized controlled trial of people 50 and over, was conducted to test the interventions. The sample was 1224 partcipants 50-70 years of age, recruited from Kelsey-Seybold Clinic, a large multi-specialty clinic in Houston, Texas. Screening status was obtained by medical chart review after a 12-month follow-up period. An "intention to treat" analysis and micro costing from the patient and provider perspectives were used to estimate the costs and effects. Analysis of statistical uncertainty was conducted using nonparametric bootstrapping. Results: The estimated cost of implementing the web-based intervention was $40 per person and the cost of the tailored intervention was $45 per person. The additional cost per person screened for the web-based intervention compared to no intervention was $2602 and the tailored intervention was no more effective than the web-based strategy. Conclusions: The tailored intervention was less cost-effective than the web-based intervention for colorectal cancer screening promotion. The web-based intervention was less cost-effective than previous studies of in-reach colorectal cancer screening promotion. Researchers need to continue developing and evaluating the effectiveness and costeffectiveness of interventions to increase colorectal cancer screening.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2721-2728
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• 2012

Background: There are limited data evaluating the cost-effectiveness of gastric cancer screening using endoscopy or upper gastrointestinal x-ray in the general population. Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of population-based screening for gastric cancer in South Korea by decision analysis. Methods: A time-dependent Markov model for gastric cancer was constructed for healthy adults 30 years of age and older, and a deterministic sensitivity analysis was performed. Cost-utility analysis with multiple strategies was conducted to compare the costs and effects of 13 different screening alternatives with respect to the following eligibility criteria: age at the beginning of screening, screening interval, and screening method. The main outcome measurement was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Results: The results revealed that annual endoscopic screening from ages 50-80 was the most cost-effective for the male population. In the females, biennial endoscopy screening from ages 50-80 was calculated as the most cost-effective strategy among the 12 screening alternatives. The most cost-effective screening strategy may be adjustable according to the screening costs and the distribution of cancer stage at screening. The limitation was that effectiveness data were obtained from published sources. Conclusions: Using the threshold of $19,162 per quality-adjusted life year on the basis of the Korean gross domestic product (2008), as suggested by the World Health Organization, endoscopic gastric cancer screening starting at the age of 50 years was highly cost-effective in the Korean population. The national recommendation for gastric cancer screening should consider the starting age of screening, the screening interval, and the screening modality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.114-115
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• 2018

This paper studies a mechanism for cost-effective analysis of big data in the cloud environment. Recently, as a storage of electronic medical records can be managed outside the hospital, there is a growing demand for cloud-based big data analysis in small-and-medium hospitals. This paper firstly analyze the Amazon Elastic MapReduce which is a popular cloud framework for big data analysis, and proposes a cost model for analyzing big data using Amazon EMR with less cost. Using the proposed model, the user can construct a cost-effective computing cluster, which maximize the effectiveness of the analysis per operational cost.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.51-57
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aims to improve the distribution structure of the OLED market and develop cost-effective optimization techniques. Specifically, it is a study on the optimization of ferric chloride to improve the etch of SUS MASK for OLED. Research design, data, and methodology - Applying the optimal conditions of the experiment, the final confirmation was evaluated for improvement by the Process Capability Index (Cpk). It is possible to derive social performance such as improvement of precision of SUS MASK manufacturing, economic performance such as defect rate, reduction of waste generation and treatment cost, technological achievement such as SUS MASK production technology, improvement of profit structure of technology development and process improvement do. Results - The improvement of the Cpk before the improvement was made was confirmed to be 0.57% with a defect estimate of 25.07% with a failure estimate of 0.57% after the improvement, and 8.84% with a failure estimate of 0.57% level after the improvement. Conclusions - If the conclusions obtained from the specimen experiment are applied to the manufacturing process of SUS MASK, it will be possible to expect excellent cost-effective competitiveness due to the improvement of precision and reduction of defect rate to enhance the OLED market penetration.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.331-340
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• 2018

Shipping containers promote rapid development of the transport industry, and generate economic and social value. However, problems often occur due to imbalance in dynamics between exports and imports, container relocation, traffic congestion, and general shipping network designs. So, efficient and cost-effective cargo management has become crucial for the Jeju Island - Mokpo container route (JMCR) in South Korea. Dozens of recent studies reveal that collapsible or foldable containers, may become an innovative solution to problematic issues within the shipping industry. The major purpose of this study is to discuss conditions required for successful commercial application of foldable containers, based on a cost-benefit analysis precisely for the JMCR. Findings reveal usage of foldable containers can be cost-effective, if containers make a "FULL<->EMPTY" route. To the contrary, a "FULL<->FULL" route can drastically increase expenditure. However, economic analysis of actual figures for 2010-2015 indicate that benefits for Mokpo - Jeju direction are significant to cover losses on the Jeju - Mokpo line. Seasonal patterns and mixing percentages of foldable and standard containers on the route, may also produce cost-effective solutions. Sensitivity analysis reveals that benefits from using foldable containers, depend mostly on empty container shares in addition to various extra costs.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.9
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• pp.829-840
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• 2012

Recently, in network communication environments, it is changing very fast from wired to wireless. The open shortest path firtst (OSPF), one of link state routing protocols, mainly used in wired networks, is the routing method to select optimal traffic path as identifying the link state of neighbor routers. The traditional OSPF cost functions performs with first fixed cost permanently, unless the router link is changed. However, in wireless networks, the performance of links show big difference by other environment factors. The bit error rate (BER), a parameter which can quite affect link state in wireless networks, is not considered in the traditional OSPF cost functions. Only a link bandwidth is considered in the traditional OSPF cost functions. In this paper, we verify the various parameters which can affect link performance, whether it is permissible to use as the parameter of proposed cost functions. To propose new cost functions, we use the effective bandwidth. This bandwidth is calculated by proposed formula using the BER of the network link and link bandwidth. As applied by the proposed triggering condition, the calculated effective bandwidth decrease the unstable of network by generating less link state update messages in wireless networks that frequently changes the link state. Simulation results show that the proposed cost functions significantly outperforms the traditional cost functions in wireless networks in terms of the services of VoIP and data transmission.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8503-8508
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• 2014

Background: After the WHO recommended HPV vaccination of the general population in 2009, government support of HPV vaccination programs was increased in many countries. However, this policy was not implemented in Korea due to perceived low cost-effectiveness. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the cost-utility of HPV vaccination programs targeted to high risk populations as compared to vaccination programs for the general population. Materials and Methods: Each study population was set to 100,000 people in a simulation study to determine the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR), then standard prevalence rates, cost, vaccination rates, vaccine efficacy, and the Quality-Adjusted Life-Years (QALYs) were applied to the analysis. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed by assuming discounted vaccination cost. Results: In the socially vulnerable population, QALYs gained through HPV vaccination were higher than that of the general population (General population: 1,019, Socially vulnerable population: 5,582). The results of ICUR showed that the cost of HPV vaccination was higher for the general population than the socially vulnerable population. (General population: 52,279,255 KRW, Socially vulnerable population: 9,547,347 KRW). Compared with 24 million KRW/QALYs as the social threshold, vaccination of the general population was not cost-effective. In contrast, vaccination of the socially vulnerable population was strongly cost-effective. Conclusions: The results suggest the importance and necessity of government support of HPV vaccination programs targeted to socially vulnerable populations because a targeted approach is much more cost-effective. The implementation of government support for such vaccination programs is a critical strategy for decreasing the burden of HPV infection in Korea.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.777-783
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• 2007

Life cycle costing is one of the most effective cost approaches when we choose a solution from series of alternative so the least long-term cost ownership is achieved. Life cycle costing in railway industry has been focused on the prediction of investment for railway vehicles. But in today, the life cycle cost, LCC, prediction on the aspect of operation and maintenance cost through whole life cycle is highly necessary. In this paper, we present a strategy for the development of life cycle cost estimation software on the aspect of maintenance strategies of railway vehicle. For this purpose, we suggested a structure of LCC software based on the UNIFE LCC model. And we developed a pilot version of software to evaluate the LCC model that we suggested for railway vehicle. We performed LCC analysis on the brake module of metro vehicle in case study and concluded that the software and model developed in this research could enough to support engineers in choosing better cost effective solutions from many alternatives.