• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

Benefit-cost analysis is one of key elements of feasibility study on a large scale investment for transportation infrastructure improvements. Benefit-cost analysis requires measuring expected benefits after the investment is completed. Reduction of delays is the major source for the benefit among other measurable benefits. Measurement methods for delays reduction have been reviewed and two methods were recommended for passenger delay and aircraft operation delay. Using these method, the effects of Cheju International Airport Improvement Projects were evaluated.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2017

In this paper, we attempt to investigate the moderating effect of brand power on the effect of in-flight service quality on customer satisfaction and recommendation in the aviation industry. The results were as follows. First, in the case of high brand power FSC(full service carriers), the cost-to-benefit ratio as well as all other flight service properties influence to customer satisfaction. However, in the case of low brand power FSC, the cost-to-benefit ratio showed a greater impact of customer satisfaction compared to other in-flight services. Second, as in the case of customer satisfaction, while the cost-to-benefit ratio more influence to customer recommendation than other in-flight services in low brand power FSC, the cost-to-benefit ratio as well as all other flight service properties influence to customer recommendation together in high brand power FSC. Therefore, low brand power FSC required tit-for-tat strategy against to LCC(low cost carriers) by pursuing disruptive innovation for price. And high brand power FSC required sustaining innovation strategy through improving flight services.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.600-603
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• 2005

U.S. National Research Council proposed benefits framework for energy R&D project as economic benefits, environmental benefits, security benefits and knowledge benefits. Following this framework, U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory evaluated the projected benefits of Federal Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Programs in the indicators of energy-expenditure savings, energy system cost savings, $CO_2$ emissions reductions. oil savings, natural gas saving and avoided additions to central conventional power. As this result, geothermal energy have predominant position in the energy-expenditure savings, natural gas saving and avoided addi t ions to central conventional power to FY2050. The projected benefits, in monetary value, of the whole supply-potential of geothermal energy in Korea were evaluated as 480.2 billion Won, 43.1 billion Won and 135.8 billion Won for the private energy-cost savings, social environmental-cost savings, and import energy-cost saving, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2008

With the increasing prevalence of e-learning courses in human resource development of Enterprise, it is important to investigate which courses are better economic performance. In this study, we proposed the framework for the cost-benefit analysis of e-learning, and attempted to identify cost and benefits factors. In order to achieve the research goal, we firstly tries to analyze the current IT adoption performance framework and e-learning staged performance model. The methodology adopted in the research was mainly that relevant materials, literatures were collected and analyzed to draw a comprehensive picture of the current situation and problems.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.12 no.1 s.28
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

The GIS(Geographic Information System) projects require big initial investment and cost of maintenance. Decision makers would not launch GIS projects unless they are convinced of the benefits of the projects. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to develop an appropriate model for GIS project evaluation. We proposed a GIS project evaluation model and summarize the steps involved in Cost-Benefit Analysis(CBA). The costs of a GIS implementation include hardware and software cost, costs of database development, training expenses, annual maintenance expenses, and other annual expenses. The benefit by using GIS has been assessed into Type I(direct benefits), Type II(indirect benefits), Type III(benefits that result from the sale of information services), Type IV(intangible benefits).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.27 no.2 s.46
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• pp.337-365
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• 1994

Rubella is a viral disease with mild constitutional symptoms and generalized rashes. In childhood, it is an inconsequential illness, but when it occurs during early pregnant period, there are significant risks of heart defects, cataract, mental retardation to the fetus. The series of congenital defects induced by rubella is called 'congenital rubella syndrome'. Many research have been performed to find out more effective prevention program on rubella. The objectives of this study are, first, to calculate the incidence rate of acute rubella infection and congenital rubella syndrome in Korea, second, to evaluate economic efficiency of several rubella vaccination policies and to offer data for the most reasonable decision on vaccination policy. Study populations are 663,312 children of one year-old in 1992. The author has performed cost-benefit analyses according to the three vaccination policies-U.S.A.'s. U.K.'s and Sweden's. In this Study, the author got the incidence rate of acute rubella infection using the catalytic model. In the meantime, the author used 50 per 100,000 live births as the incidence rate of congenital rubella syndrome. The discount rate used in this study was 5 percent per annum. The sensitivity analyses were done with different discount rates (4%, 7%) and different incidence rate of congenital rubella syndrome (10,100 per 100,000 live births) : The study results are as follows: 1. Without vaccination, lifetime expenditures per patient for acute rubella infeciton amount to 14,822 won and the total expenditures to about 3.1 billion won. Meanwhile, lifetime expenditures per patient for congenital rubella syndrome amount to about 91 million won and the total expenditures to about 16.3 billion won without vaccination. 2. The cost of vaccination for a child of one year old was 2,322 won and the total cost for the one year old children was about 1.5 billion won (American style). The cost for vaccination of female children at fifteen was about 339 million won (Birtish style). And the cost of vaccination at one for both sex and female children at fifteen was about 1.9 billion won (Swedish style). 3. The benefit to cost ratios of vaccination of female children at fifteen that is the british mode of rubella vaccination, was 60.0 at the level of 80% population coverage and 48.6 at 100% coverage. It shows much higher benefit to cost ratio than those of the other two vaccination policies. 4. Both net benefits of vaccination at one (American style) and that of vaccinations at one and fifteen (Swedish style) range from about 17.0 billion to 17.8 billion won, those were larger than that of vaccinations of female children at fifteen (Birtish style, about 16.0 billion). 5. In marginal cost-benefit analysis of only additional program of revaccination, the benefit to cost ratios were 3.6 (80% coverage rate) or 0.6 (100% coverage rate). It implies that additional program was less efficient or inefficient. 6. In sensitivity analysis with different discount rates(4% or 7%) and different incidence rates of congenital rubella syndrome (10 or 100 per 100,000 live births), the benefit to cost ratios has fluctuated in wide range. However, all the ratios of vaccination of female children at fifteen were higher than those of the others. Even under the most conservative assumption, the benefit to cost ratios of all the rubella vaccination policies were higher than 3.3. In conclusion, all the rubella vaccination policies found to be cost-effective and particularly the vaccination of female children at fifteen was strongly recommended.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.113-119
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• 2016

In this paper, a research model is proved empirically which includes factors related on the purchase intention of smart car as high innovative product in advance of commercialization. As one of relating to consumer's expectation benefit factors, individual attribute factor includes product knowledge, individual innovativeness, and sociality. Consumer's expectation benefit factor includes perceived ease-of-use, usefulness, and enjoyment. As of switching cost variables, there are financial, uncertainty, relational and psychological switching costs factors. Analysis were performed using data from the 257 respondents as random sampling among potential consumers. Purchase intention were affected by individual innovativeness mediated by perceived enjoyment, and individual sociality by perceived ease-of-use and enjoyment also. Relational switching costs factor was only a significant control variable between purchase intention with consumer's expectation benefit factor. This result presents some implications for making the new smart car's detail concept and marketing strategy related to targeting the consumer as high innovative product and technology firms including smart car makers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.29-37
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to estimate the cost and benefits of street trees for their planting types, specifically, single row, single row+bottom, double row, double row+bottom. Different planting types are compared and analyzed by using Net Present Value (NPV) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Existing data are collected from the literature reviews for the use of meta-analysis method for estimating cost and benefit. The elements for analyzing costs are management and planting costs, and benefits are air purification, energy saving and landscape view. The discount rate is applied at a minimum of 3% and a maximum of 5.5%. The unit used in this calculation is km/year. The result shows that the net benefit is highest in double row, followed by single row, double row+bottom, and single row+bottom. The BCR is the highest in double row, followed by single row, double row+bottom, and single row+bottom. The BCR reaches the break-even point from 9 to 17 years depending on the planting types.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2001

The conflicts between environment protection and economic development are becoming increasingly important in environmental decision making of Nakdong River Basin. A science-based evaluation system is now needed to represent both the environmental values and the economic values with a common measure. EMERGY, spelled with an \"m\" evaluates both the work of river and that of human in generating products and services. The monetary cost-benefit analysis and the environmental accounting by EMERGY analysis were applied to determine whether there will have a net benefit in environmental decision making of Nakdong River Basin. Based on the results of the environmental accounting, all alternatives which related to environmental decision making of Nakdong River Basin show that more and more of EMERGY cost becomes needed than the a EMERGY benefit from getting water to drink in the lower basin. From these results, for selecting alternatives to manage water quantity and quality that is sustainable in the environmental use and economic development, environmental accounting concepts must be considered, and the economic structure of Nakdong River Basin should be changed from the present industrial structure to social-economic based on ecological-recycling concept for the sustainable use of Nakdong River.ong River.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2020

Recently, interest in the DC transmission is rapidly increasing worldwide. In many countries and leading companies are prior to the aggressive development of HVDC technology and application. Especially, VSC-HVDC system has been widely applied to transfer power at long distance between power plant and power consumption area. Therefore in this paper, we analyzed the benefit-cost of VSC-HVDC system which has more advantages than existing transmission system. The proposed system is MMC(Modular Multilevel Converter) VSC-HVDC system that have stability of Power Grid, interconnect Large-scale New Power Generation Plants by prevents Blackout. And MMC VSC-HVDC system Reduced the loss importing foreign systems. And the benefits were calculated in four stages, and the costs were applied to the actual project. By evaluating the various avoidance costs compared to the benefit-cost, it was confirmed that MMC VSC-HVDC system was advantageous in system stability and economic and social benefits.