• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08b
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• pp.1639-1641
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• 2007

We have designed cost competitive pixel structures for high performance mobile PVA LCDs. These new structures significantly bring down the price by the use of a conventional polarizer for lowest possible cost. A 4.3" prototype based on these techniques was built, achieving the world's highest mobile display contrast ratio of 1200:1, while maintaining wide viewing angle with no loss of transmittance

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.70-103
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• 1995

The aim of this study sets out to discover a desirable form of public centers among the alternative ones and make a health center model. Especially, this study attempts; (i) to investigate factors that affect the performance of health centers; (ii) carry out cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) for the various type of health centers; (iii) identify innovative strategies to increase the use of health center. Cost-effectiveness analysis is used to compare the performance of all the centers. The following is taken to create the index. Wi = Ti x Mi x Eij (Wi: weight for service item I, Ti : time spent for service I, Mi ; number of health personnel involved in service I, Eij : years of schooling for personnel j in providing service I). As a result of these analyses, policy options as follows are recommended; (i) proper manpower, especially public health physician (oriental medical doctor), should be enough to provide health care adequately; (ii) facilities ad equipments in the health center should be provided sufficiently. (iii) the utilization of health centers should be raised by active operation of mobil service, community participation and health education program. Ultimately health centers in public sector are to be fostered for the promotion of health care by enhancing the financial and quality, continuity and efficiency of health services.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.17-39
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• 2005

Social solidarity, equity in financing, and efficiency in administration have been core issues in the development of Korean health insurance reformation since 1988. This study is to investigate the trend of administrative cost in Korean National Health Insurance from various aspects. For the analysis of administrative cost, the expenditures of each insurance society and the National Health Insurance Corporation are divided into 4 items of (1) insurance benefit, (2) administrative cost, (3) an agency provision accounts, (4) other expenses, and then they are reorganized. The analyses based on 5 types of the health insurance administrative cost showed that efficiency in administration has been improved generally. We, however, should consider qualitative aspects such as customer's satisfaction with health insurance administration, prompt service, control of unjust expenditure (unjust claims), and provision of medical service including health consultation in assessing efficiency of administration. And, in order to connect the administrative costs of health insurance with efficiency, we need to give a fundamentally new definition, which can contain elaborateness of expenditure in details including the structure and evaluation method of administrative costs. It may be necessary to develop new indicators or analyzing methods hereafter.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1295-1301
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• 2015

Background: Cancer imposes a significant economic burden on individuals, families and society. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic burden of cancer using the healthcare claims and cancer registry data in Korea in 2009. Materials and Methods: The economic burden of cancer was estimated using the prevalence data where patients were identified in the Korean Central Cancer Registry. We estimated the medical, non-medical, morbidity and mortality cost due to lost productivity. Medical costs were calculated using the healthcare claims data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance (KNHI) Corporation. Non-medical costs included the cost of transportation to visit health providers, costs associated with caregiving for cancer patients, and costs for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Data acquired from the Korean National Statistics Office and Ministry of Labor were used to calculate the life expectancy at the time of death, age- and gender-specific wages on average, adjusted for unemployment and labor force participation rate. Sensitivity analysis was performed to derive the current value of foregone future earnings due to premature death, discounted at 3% and 5%. Results: In 2009, estimated total economic cost of cancer amounted to $17.3 billion at a 3% discount rate. Medical care accounted for 28.3% of total costs, followed by non-medical (17.2%), morbidity (24.2%) and mortality (30.3%) costs. Conclusions: Given that the direct medical cost sharply increased over the last decade, we must strive to construct a sustainable health care system that provides better care while lowering the cost. In addition, a comprehensive cancer survivorship policy aimed at lower caregiving cost and higher rate of return to work has become more important than previously considered.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) using gas liquefaction has attracted considerable attention because of its mature technology, high energy density, few geographical constraints, and long life span. On the other hand, LAES has not yet been commercialized and is being developed recently. Therefore, few studies have performed an economic analysis of LAES. In this study, the levelized cost of electricity was calculated and compared with that of other energy storage systems. As a result, the levelized cost of electricity of LAES was $371/MWh. This is approximately $292/MWh, $159/MWh, $118/MWh, and $3/MWh less than that of the LiCd battery, VRFB battery, Lead-acid battery, and NaS battery. In addition, the cost was approximately $62/MWh and $195/MWh more than that of Fe-Cr flow battery and PHS. Sensitivity analysis of the levelized cost of electricity according to the main economic factors was performed, and economic uncertainty analysis was performed through a Monte-Carlo simulation. The cumulative probability curve showed the levelized cost of electricity of LAES, reflecting price fluctuations in the air compressor cost, electricity cost, and standing reserve hourly fee.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.309-321
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• 2002

Purpose: A cost analysis for nursing services in operative nursing unit, emergency nursing unit, and ambulatory nursing unit was performed using patient classification system by nursing intensity in order to determine an appropriate nursing fee schedule. Method: The data were collected from 4 secondary hospitals and 5 tertiary hospitals from November 14th 2000 to January 15th 2001. The study was conducted through four phases as follows: 1) Nursing hours of each nursing service in special nursing units were measured using three kinds of patient classification systems by nursing intensity. 2) The nursing cost of nursing services in operative nursing unit, emergency nursing unit, and ambulatory nursing units was estimated based on patient classification system by nursing intensity. Results: As a result, nursing hours by nursing intensity of each special nursing unit were measured, and every nursing cost by nursing intensity in operation room and emergency room was estimated, meanwhile, the cost of nursing services in ambulatory care units was estimated only per visit as shown in chapter 4. Conclusion: Future research on nursing cost should be extended to other special nursing units such as various intensive nursing care units, delivery room, and so on. In addition, the patient classification system should be refined for its appropriateness to apply all levels of medical institutions.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.274-277
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• 2006

Nanostructured carbon (nm-C), including carbon nanotubes and nanofibers (CNTs/CNFs) is promising for low-cost field emission display (FED) application. By modification of CNTs/CNFs, uniform CNTs/CNFs can be obtained and used for field emission cathode (FEC) on glass substrate. By screen-printing (SP) and electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process, large area FEC can be obtained. The FED properties are studied and compared. Both SP and EPD FEC show excellent field emission properties, such as low emission field and uniform emission, after optimization the fabrication process. While EPD FEC exhibits better luminescence image. By vacuum sealing, the low cost nm-C-FED prototypes based on EPD cathode have been demonstrated.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.12-17
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• 2005

The need for low cost, flexible, thin film transistor (TFT) display backplanes has focused attention on new processing techniques and materials. We report the development of TFT backplane technology based entirely on jet-printing, using a combination of additive and subtractive processing, to print active materials or etch masks. The technique eliminates the use of photolithography and has the potential to reduce the array manufacturing cost. The printing technique is demonstrated with both amorphous silicon and polymer semiconductor TFT arrays, and we show results of small prototype displays.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.948-953
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• 2012

The characteristics of an induction motor vary with the number of parameters and the performance relationship between the parameters also is implicit. In case of the induction motor design, we generally should estimate many objective physical quantities in the optimization procedure. In this article, the multi objective design optimization based on genetic algorithm is applied for the three phase induction motor. The efficiency, starting torque, and material cost are selected for the objectives. The validity of the design results is also clarified by comparison between calculated results and measured ones.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 2005

The plenty of successful cases of Multi-national companies has been realized benefits of offshore outsourcing in particular "cost savings" from offshore IT outsourcing services, such as call center, software development, IT support and maintenance etc. A few Korean companies recently started to make the feasibility study of offshore IT outsourcing to catch up with the global trend. The objective of this study is to present the feasibility of offshore IT outsourcing of Korean companies through the analysis of pilot projects results between Indian and Chinese companies. The analysis include key elementsof cost, productivity, quality, practical issues as well as Gartner's framework, "AD Sourcing Cost Model", composed of 7 model factors. The findings of this study are not limited to understand offshore IT outsourcing but also provide useful guidelines covering wide range from the theoretical framework of selecting suitable offshore partner.