• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.157-167
• /
• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study is to know the effect of Korean medical treatments on sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) without systemic or intratympanic steroid treatments.Method : We conducted retrospective review who was diagnosed as SSNHL and treated with Korean medicine in Dept. of Otolaryngology Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong. There were two patients with SSNHL who refused to be treated with western medicine and were treated with Korean medicine including acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine.Result : One patient recovered completely after eight days of admission, and another patient partial recovered during 30 days through Korean medical treatments.Conclusion : Through these studies, SSNHL is expected to treated more effectively by conventional Korean medical treatments than corticosteroid treatments alone. But the additional study is needed to reveal the exact effects of Korean medical treatments.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제81권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2018

Asthma, remains symptomatic despite ongoing treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in conjunction with long-acting beta-agonists (LABA), is classified as "severe" asthma. In the course of caring for those patients diagnosed with severe asthma, stepping up from ICS/LABA to more aggressive therapeutic measures would be justified, though several aspects have to be checked in advance (including inhaler technique, adherence to therapy, and possible associated comorbidities). That accomplished, it would be advisable to step up care in accordance with the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations. Possible strategies include the addition of a leukotriene receptor antagonist or tiotropium (to the treatment regimen). The latter has been shown to be effective in the management of several subgroups of asthma. Oral corticosteroids have commonly been used for the treatment of patients with severe asthma in the past; however, the use of oral corticosteroids is commonly associated with corticosteroid-related adverse events and comorbidities. Therefore, according to GINA 2017 these patients should be referred to experts who specialize in the treatment of severe asthma to check further therapeutic options including biologics before starting treatment with oral corticosteroids.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.172-180
• /
• 2009

Objective : to investigate the modalities and treatments with atopic dermatitis. Methods : We made up a questionnaire consisting of symptoms, birth, family history, previous treatments of atopic dermatitis. We interviewed mild to severe 60 atopic dermatitis patients with questionnaire, from August to October, 2008 who were participating in clinical trials of Kyunghee University East-west neo medical center. Results : The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. 49(81.7%) out of 60 patients reported previous or current use of medical treatment, and most common type of medical treatment was topical corticosteroid (95.9%). Oral antihistamine (61.2%), oral corticosteroid (61.2%) were also commonly used. 2. 31(51.7%) out of 60 patients reported previous or current use of oriental medical treatment, and most common type of oriental medical treatment was herbal medicine(100%). Acupuncture (41.9%), Herbal external supplements (22.6%) were also used. 3. 36(60.11% ) out of 60 patients reported previous or current use of folk remedies, and the most common type of folk remedy was extract of tree(Mokcho-ak)(75.0%). Aloe(61.1%), Charcoal(22.2%) were also commonly used. Conclusion : It seems the frequency of folk remedies used were related to severity of AD. However, there were no significant difference between medical treatment and oriental medical treatment.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.309-315
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate five cases with chronic Achilles tendon rupture that occurred after steroid injections. Materials and Methods: In our hospital, we experienced five cases of chronic Achilles tendon rupture from September 2010 to March 2012. All patients had got steroid injection for Achilles tendinitis at the other hospitals, and their heel pain was aggravated when they visited our outpatient department. After treatment, signs and symptoms of Achilles tendon rupture were developed and the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Surgical treatment was done for Achilles tendon rupture. Results: There was difference between intra-operative findings of Achilles tendon rupture and usual chronic Achilles tendon rupture. Unlike usual findings of chronic Achilles tendon rupture whose scar tissue or tissue attenuation are found around the defect area of Achilles tendon, there were partial necrosis of tendon severe adhesion with surrounding tissue, extensive defect and longitudinal rupture on ruptured area. Also, severe inflammation of paratenon, granulation and fibrinoid deposit were found on biopsy findings in four cases. Conclusion: Based on review of data about relative risk and benefit of local corticosteroid injection to inflammatory lesion in Achilles tendon, it requires more attention to Achilles tendon rupture following local corticosteroid injection.

• Annals of dermatology
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.716-720
• /
• 2018

Perforating granuloma annulare (PGA), a rare variant of granuloma annulare, is characterized by transepidermal elimination of altered collagen that clinically manifests an umbilicated papule with a central crust. It can be confused with papulonecrotic tuberculid (PNT) because of their similar appearance. Unlike PGA, PNT is usually related to tuberculosis infection with a typical histologic finding of wedgeshaped dermal necrosis. Here, we report the first Korean case of PGA mimicking PNT both clinically and histologically. A 43-year-old Korean woman presented with erythematous papules localized on the extensor surface of her limbs for one year. Some of these papules had a central umbilication or a crust. Regarding comorbidity, she had latent tuberculosis diagnosed with $QuantiFERON^{(R)}-TB$ Gold test about five months ago. She was on antituberculous medication. Initially, a diagnosis of papulonecrotic tuberculid accompanied by latent tuberculosis was considered. However, despite taking the antituberculous medication for five months, her skin lesions were not improved. Biopsy specimen from her arm lesion showed wedge-shaped area of necrosis in the dermis. Additionally, there were multiple focal mucin depositions and palisading granulomatous inflammation throughout the dermis. A diagnosis of PGA was made and she was treated with topical corticosteroid. After two weeks of applying topical corticosteroid, most of her skin lesions disappeared, leaving some hyperpigmented scars.

• 대한간학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.430-435
• /
• 2018

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) occurs in the presence of a chronic liver disease or cirrhosis, and often results from exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The efficacy of corticosteroid treatment in ACLF patients with underlying CHB remains unclear. We report the case of a 50-year-old woman who experienced ACLF due to CHB exacerbation and was treated with a combination of corticosteroids and nucleot(s)ide analogue (NUC). The patient showed rapid decompensation due to CHB exacerbation. Three months of antiviral therapy produced no improvement in liver function. Combination therapy with corticosteroids and NUC was started, which did result in improvement of liver function. This case shows that the combined therapy of corticosteroids and NUC can be effective in treating ACLF due to CHB exacerbation.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2023

Background: Most international bodies recommended against musculoskeletal steroid injection during the COVID-19 pandemic, fearing that the immunosuppressive effects of the steroid could worsen COVID-19 infection, thus prolonging the suffering of patients with severe musculoskeletal disease. The authors' aim is to analyze the risk of COVID-19 infection after musculoskeletal injections. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who visited a sports medicine clinic and received musculoskeletal steroid injections between January 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. The collected data was compared with the national COVID-19 registry to identify positive COVID-19 patients. The patients were only considered positive for COVID-19 following corticosteroid injection within 3 months after injection. Results: Out of 502 steroid injections; 79.7% (n = 400) received a single injection in one day, 19.1% (n = 96) received steroid injections at 2 sites in one day, and 1.2% (n = 6) received steroid injections at 3 sites in one day. Using the Fisher's exact test, there was no statistically significant association of COVID-19 infection between the steroid group and control group (relative risk, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-23.1, P = 0.654). Only one patient contracted mild COVID-19 with no post COVID complications. Conclusions: The authors recommend the use of musculoskeletal steroid injections in clinically indicated situation without having increased risk of COVID-19.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.5.1-5.12
• /
• 2019

Autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism that discards not only invading pathogens but also damaged organelles and denatured proteins via lysosomal degradation. Increasing evidence suggests a role for autophagy in inflammatory diseases, including infectious diseases, Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension. These studies suggest that modulating autophagy could be a novel therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases. Eosinophils are a major type of inflammatory cell that aggravates airway inflammatory diseases, particularly corticosteroid-resistant inflammation. The eosinophil count is a useful tool for assessing which patients may benefit from inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Recent studies demonstrate that autophagy plays a role in eosinophilic airway inflammatory diseases by promoting airway remodeling and loss of function. Genetic variant in the autophagy gene ATG5 is associated with asthma pathogenesis, and autophagy regulates apoptotic pathways in epithelial cells in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, autophagy dysfunction leads to severe inflammation, especially eosinophilic inflammation, in chronic rhinosinusitis. However, the mechanism underlying autophagy-mediated regulation of eosinophilic airway inflammation remains unclear. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the role of autophagy in eosinophilic airway inflammation. We also suggest that autophagy may be a new therapeutic target for airway inflammation, including that mediated by eosinophils.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.175-187
• /
• 2003

연구배경 : 특발성 간질성 폐렴의 치료제로 스테로이드가 많이 사용되고 있으나 병리 소견에 따라 치료효과가 다르고 부작용이 많아 Cyclophosphamide와 같은 세포독성 약물들이 추천되고 있다. 그러나 그 효과 및 우월성에 대해선 아직도 논란이 많다. 이에 각 약제의 치료효과 및 부작용에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1996년 7월부터 2002년 6월까지 삼성서울병원에서 수술적 폐생검을 통해 확진된 특발성 간질성 폐렴환자 87명(UIP 61명, NSIP 26명)을 대상으로 치료약제, 치료반응 및 약물 부작용에 대해 후향적 조사를 시행하였다. 치료반응은 최소 6개월 이상의 연속적인 약제 투여와 약제 투여 후 1년 이상의 추적 관찰이 이루어진 환자 55례(UIP 32례, NSIP 23례)을 대상으로 치료 후 6개월, 12개월에 임상 증세, 폐기능 검사, 방사선학적 소견의 3가지를 기준으로 호전, 안정, 악화(사망 포함)로 판정하였다. 약물 부작용은 최소 한 종류 이상의 약제 투여가 이루어진 환자 91례(스테로이드 단독 요법 42례, CP 병합 요법 49례)를 대상으로 조사하였다. 결 과 : 1) NSIP 환자가 UIP 환자보다 약제 종류에 상관없이 호전 반응이 많았다(6개월 : 78.3% vs. 9.4%, p<0.001, 12개월 : 69.6% vs. 9.4%, p<0.001). 2) UIP 환자에서 약제에 따른 치료반응의 차이는 없었다(p>0.05) 3) NSIP 환자에서 약제에 따른 치료반응의 차이는 없었다(p>0.05) 4) 약물 부작용으로 투여가 중단된 경우는 스테로이드 치료군에서는 감염, 불안 장애 등이, cyclophosphamide 치료군에서는 위장 장애, 출혈성 감염 등이 있었고, 스테로이드 치료 군(15례, 35.7%)에서 cyclophosphamide 치료군(7례, 14.3%)보다 많았다(p=0.017). 결론 : 스테로이드 보다 부작용이 적고 동등한 치료효과를 보이는 cyclophosphamide는 특발성 UIP보다 치료반응이 좋은 특발성 NSIP에서 보다 적극적으로 이용될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.170-177
• /
• 2008

목 적 : Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura (HSP) 환아에서 스테로이드 치료 기간에 따른 HSP의 재발이나 신장염 발생 빈도의 차이를 보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법: 일산에 위치한 두 종합 병원에 2000년부터 2003년까지 HSP로 진단 받은 186명 (평균 연령 6.3${\pm}$2.5 세, 남:여 = 104:82)의 환아 들에서 후향적 분석을 시행 하였다. 스테로이드 치료기간에 따른 예후의 차이를 보기 위하여 A 병원에서는 복통 및 관절통 증상이 경한 경우에는 경구 프레드니솔론을 투여 하였으며 복통 및 관절통이 심한 경우에는 정맥 내 덱사메타손을 투여 후에 경구 프레드니솔론을 복용하는 방법으로 치료를 시행하였는데 연구 전에 미리 계획한 대로 증상의 기간과 경중에 상관 없이 스테로이드 치료 기간은 최소 2주 이상 유지하였다. (A군, 94명) B 병원에서는 복통 및 관절통이 경한 경우에는 스테로이드제재 복용을 하지 않았으며, 심한 복통 및 관절통을 동반하는 경우 경구 프레드니솔론을 복용 하도록 하였으며 증상이 소실되면 즉시 용량을 감량하여 끊도록 하였다. (B군, 92명) 결 과 : 두 그룹간의 연령, 성별, 체중, 백혈구, 적혈구, 혈색소, 혈소판, 혈장 내 단백질, 알부민 수치는 통계적으로 차이가 없었다. 또한 복통(45%vs. 50%, P=0.557) 혹은 관절통(61% vs. 61%, P=1.0)의 발생 빈도도 두 군간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 스테로이드 치료의 기간은 A군에서 B군 보다 길었으며(21.8${\pm}$8.4 vs. 6.1${\pm}$7.4 days, P<0.0001), 프레드니솔론의 누적 용량 또한 A군에서 높았다(20.2${\pm}$11.2 vs. 4.9${\pm}$5.9 mg, P<0.0001). 신장염의 발생은 A군에서 높게 나타났으며(23% vs. 10%, P=0.017), 반면에 재발률은 B군에서 높게 나타났다(10% vs 23%, P=0.017). 결 론 : 스테로이드의 사용 기간이 HSP 환자군의 신장 침범 발생률에 영향을 주지 못하였다. 그러므로 HSP 환아의 치료에서 스테로이드는 선별적으로 사용하여야 하며, 급성 증상이 조절되고 나면 즉시 용량을 줄여서 복용을 중단하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각된다.