• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.693-701
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• 1999

최근 혈관 질환의 진단을 위한 비침습적 영상이 발달하면서, 기존의 도자술은 중재적 치료에 국한되는 실 정이다. 그러나 관상동맥이나 우회로는 작은 직경, 심박동 움직임 등으로 도자술이 아직도 진단에 필수적이 며, 비침 응\ulcorner영상 진단의 마지막 도전 영역이다. 전자선 단층 촬영기는 높은 시간 해상능으로 심장 영상을 얻을 수 있다. 전자선 단층 촬영을 이용하여 모관상 동맥 협착이나 관상동맥 우회로 이식술 후 개존성의 평 가가 시도되고 있으며, 이중 관상동맥 우회로술 평가의 정확도는 매우 높아서 임상 적용이 가능하다. 저자와 다른 연구자의 경험에 의하면 복재 정맥은 넓은 직경, 비교적 짧고 직선적인 경로, 심박동에 덜 영 향 받음으로써 EBT조영술의 정확도가 높았다. 전향적 민감도와 특이도가 각각 92%, 97%를 보였다. 그러나 위양성과 위음성을 보인 두 예는 후향적으로 분석 할 때 경험 부족에 의한 초기의 판독 오류로 사료되어 복 재 정맥의 경우 후향적으로는 100%의 정확도를 보였다. 반면 내유동맥 이식혈관은 작은 내경과 주변의 수술 클립에 의한 인공산물로 개존성을 확인하기가 대체로 어려웠고, 역동적 검사를 병행하여 우회로내 혈류를 확인하는 것이 필요하다. 내유동맥의 경우 상대적으로 정확도가 낮아 민감도, 특이도가 각각 100%, 80%를 보였으며, 위양성을 보인 2예는 후향적으로도 개존을 확인할 수 없었다. 전자선 단층 촬영 혈관 조영술은 관상 동맥 우 막\ulcorner이식술 후의 우회 혈관 개존성의 평가, 특히 복재 정맥 우회로의 경우 매우 정확도가 높은 비침습적 검사로써, 임상 적용이 기대된다. 앞으로 촬영 기기와 영상 재구성 software의 발달로 정확도를 더욱 높일 수 있는 잠재성이 있다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2006

Coronary artery disease is a loading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. Percutaneous coronary intervention has become the major technique of revascularization. However, restenosis remains a major limitation of this procedure. Recently the need for repeat intervention due to restenosis, the most vexing long-term failure of percutaneous coronary intervention, has been significantly reduced owing to the introduction of two major advances, intracoronary brachytherapy and the drug-eluting stents. Intracoronary brachytherapy has been employed in recent years to prevent restenosis lesions with effective results, principally in in-stent restenosis. Restenosis is generally considered as au excessive form of normal wound healing divided up in precesses: elastic recoil, neointimal hyperplasia, and negative vascular remodeling. Restenosis has previously been regarded as a proliferative process in which neointimal thickening, mediated by a cascade of inflammatory mediators and other factors, is the key factor. Ionizing radiation has been shown to decrease the proliferative response to injury in animal models of restenosis. Subsequently, several randomized, double blind trials have demonstrated that intracoronary brachytherapy can reduce the rates of both angiographic restenosis and clinical event rates in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for in stent restenosis. Some problems, such as late thrombosis and edge restenosis, have been identified as limiting factors of this technique. Brachytherapy is a promising method of preventing and treating coronary artery restenosis.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2003

목적 : 본 연구에서는 호흡멈춤 K-space 분할 2D-FASTCARD 자기공명영상 기법에 의한 관상동맥우회로내의 혈류개방성 검사의 임상 적 유용성을 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 관상동맥우회로 시술을 한 38명의 환자에서 내유동맥의 수는 36개이었고 대복제정맥편은 56개였다. 2차원 FASTCARD 기법을 이용하여 sagittal과 transverse평면에서 13-18초 동안 호흡을 멈추고 영상을 심장박동주기에 맞추어 획득하였다. 신호크기-영상의 hard copy를 이용하여 관상동맥우회로가 예상되는 지점에서 혈류에 의한 작은 원형부분이 밝게 보이면 해당 graft가 개방되었다고 판독하였다. 결과: 시술 환자의 다양한 관상동맥우회술의 양상에 따라 분류하여 Sagittal평면과 transverse 평면에서 내유동맥편과 대복제정맥편의 개방성을 검사하였다 좌회선지관상동맥의 분지로 연결되는 대복제정맥편은 Sagittal평면에서, 좌전하행지 관상동맥 혹은 그의 분지나 우관상동맥으로 연결되는 내유동맥편 혹은 대복제정맥편은 transverse평면에서 최대 감도의 개방성 영상을 보였다. 전체 38명의 환자 중에 23명의 영상획득 가능환자에서 45개의 관상동맥우회로가 보였으며 9개가 보이지 않았다. 증상이 있던 두 명의 환자중 2개의 관상 동맥우회로가 보이지 않았다. 결론: 호흡멈춤 K-space 분할 2D-FASTCARD 자기공명영상 기법으로 관상동맥우회로의 혈류 개방성의 비침습적 평가가 가능하다. 그러나 이 방법으로 보이지 않는 관상동맥 우회로는 조영제를 사용한 자기공명 혈관조영술이나 일반 혈관조영술등의 방법으로 그 진위를 재검사하여 확진하는 것이 필요하다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2009

Positron emission tomogrpahy (PET) represents the most advanced scintigraphic imaging technology. With the increase in availability of PET, the clinical use of PET has grown in medical fields. This can be employed for cardiovascular research as well as for clinical applications in patients with various cardiovascular disease. PET allows non-invasive functional assessment of myocardial perfusion, substrate metabolism and cardiac innervation and receptors as well as gene expression in vivo. PET is regarded as the gold standard for the detection of myocardial viability, and it is the only method available for the quantitative assessment of myocardial blood flow. This review focuses on the clinical applications of myocardial perfusion PET in coronary artery disease.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자기공명의과학회 2001년도 제6차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.142-142
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• 2001

목적： 관상동맥의 이상으로 인해 여러 가지 심장 관련 질환이 발병하기 때문에 관상동맥을 관찰할 수 있는 영상기법의 필요성이 늘어남은 물론 세계적으로 Cardiac 영상 기법 개발이 활발하게 진행되어 지고 있다. MRI System을 이용한 관상동맥(Coronary Artery) Image는 여러 가지 움직임 때문에 사용할 수 있는 영상기법에 제한을 받게 된다 가장 큰 제약은 심장의 움직임에 관한 것인데 이러한 움직임은 ECG Gating을 사용하여 극복할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 관상 동맥을 촬영하는 영상기법의 개발과 촬영된 영상을 재처리하는 기법을 소개 하고자 한다 ECG Gating을 이용한 영상 기법 및 얻어진 영상을 Morphology, MIP를 이용한 Image processing을 하여 얻어진 영상을 enhance시켜 보았다.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자기공명의과학회 2000년도 제5차 추계학술대회
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• pp.49-49
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• 2000

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2783-2787
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• 2013

To assess the risk of cancer incidence after medical radiation exposure for coronary artery disease (CAD), a retrospective cohort study was conducted based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Patients with CAD were identified according to the International Classification of Diseases code, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), and their records of medical radiation procedures were collected from 1997 to 2010. A total of 18,697 subjects with radiation exposure from cardiac imaging or therapeutic procedures for CAD were enrolled, and 19,109 subjects receiving cardiac diagnostic procedures without radiation were adopted as the control group. The distributions of age and gender were similar between the two populations. Cancer risks were evaluated by age-adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) and association with cumulative exposure were further evaluated with relative risks by Poisson regression analysis. A total of 954 and 885 subjects with various types of cancers in both cohorts after following up for over 10 years were found, with incidences of 409.8 and 388.0 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The risk of breast cancer (aIRR=1.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.14-3.00) was significantly elevated in the exposed female subjects, but no significant cancer risk was found in the exposed males. In addition, cancer risks of the breast and lung were increased with the exposure level. The study suggests that radiation exposure from cardiac imaging or therapeutic procedures for CAD may be associated with the increased risk of breast and lung cancers in CAD patients.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1992

Myocardial perfusion imaging with $^{201}Tl-chloride$ following exercise or vasodilator-induced hyperemia has been effective in detecting the presence of coronary artery disease. An increased lung uptake of thallium has been reported as a sensitive marker of severe and extensive coronary artery disease and associated with poor prognosis. Thallium has also been noted to concentrate in a variety of malignant lesions. We report 5 cases of extracardiac uptake of thallium during myocardial perfusion scan with pharmacologic vasodilation. Accumulation of thallium was found in the lesions of a breast cancer, a lung cancer, a Castleman's disease and 2 cases of thymoma. We believe that the presence of focal extracardiac uptake of thallium during myocardial perfusion scan should suggest the need for further clinical evaluation to detect the tumor and must differentiate the increased lung uptake of thallium due to left ventricular dysfunction in coronary artery disease.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2009

Coronary artery disease is on the rise over the world. Myocardial perfusion SPECT is a well established technique to detect coronary artery disease and to assess left ventricular function. In addition, it has the unique ability to predict the prognosis of the patients. Moreover, the application of ECC-gated images provided the quantitatve data and improved the accuracy. This approach has been proved to be cost-effective and suitable for the emerging economies as well as developed countries. However, the utilization of nuclear cardiology procedures vary widely considering the different countries and region of the world. Korea exits 2-3 times less utilization than Japan, and 20 times than the United States. Recently, with the emerging of new technology, namely cardiac CT, cardiac MR and stress echocardiography, the clinical usefulness of nuclear cardiology has been called in question and its role has been redefined. For the proper promotion of nuclear cardiology, special educations should be conducted since the nuclear cardiology has the contact points between nuclear medicine and cardiology. Several innovations are in horizon which will impact the diagnostic accuracy as well as imaging time and cost savings. Development of new tracers, gamma camera technology and hybrid systems will open the new avenue in cardiac imaging. The future of nuclear cardiology based on molecular imaging is very exciting. The newly defined biologic targets involving atherosclerosis and vascular vulnerability will allow the answers for the key clinical questions. Hybrid techniques including SPECT/CT indicate the direction in which clinical nuclear cardiology may be headed in the immediate future. To what extent nuclear cardiology will be passively absorbed by other modalities, or will actively incorporate other modalities, is up to the present and next generation of nuclear cardiologists.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.238-246
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) sometimes presents with only fever and cervical lymphadenopathy before other clinical signs materialize. This lymphadenopathy-first-presenting Kawasaki disease (LKD) may be misdiagnosed as bacterial cervical lymphadenitis (BCL). We investigated characteristic imaging and clinical data for factors differentiating LKD from BCL. METHODS: We compared imaging, clinical, and laboratory data of patients with KD and BCL. We included patients admitted to a single tertiary center between January 2015 and July 2018. RESULTS: We evaluated data from 51 patients with LKD, 63 with BCL, and 218 with typical KD. Ultrasound imaging revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes in both LKD and BCL patients. On the other hand, computed tomography (CT) showed more abscesses in patients with BCL. Patients with LKD were younger and showed higher systemic and hepatobiliary inflammatory markers and pyuria than BCL patients. In multivariable logistic regression, younger age and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) retained independent associations with LKD. A comparison of the echocardiographic findings in LKD and typical KD showed that patients with LKD did not have a higher incidence of coronary artery abnormalities (CAA). CONCLUSIONS: LKD patients tend to have no abscesses on CT and more elevated systemic hepatobiliary inflammatory markers and pyuria compared to BCL patients. The absence of abscess on CT, younger age, and elevated CRP were the most significant variables differentiating LKD from BCL. There was no difference in CAA between LKD and typical KD.