• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.2974-2989
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• 2024

The one-dimensional Two-Fluid concept uses an area-average approach to simplify the time and phase-averaged Two-Fluid conservation equations, making it more suitable for addressing difficulties at an industrial scale. Nevertheless, the mathematical framework has inherent weaknesses due to the loss of details throughout the averaging procedures. This limitation makes the conventional model inappropriate for some flow regimes, where short-wavelength perturbations experience uncontrolled amplification, leading to solutions that need to be physically accurate. The critical factor in resolving this problem is the integration of closure relations. These relationships play a crucial function in reintroducing essential physical characteristics, thus correcting the loss that occurs during averaging and guaranteeing the stability of the model. To improve the accuracy of predictions, it is essential to assess the stability and grid dependence of one-dimensional formulations, which are particularly affected by closure relations and numerical schemes. The current research presented in the text focuses on improving the well-posedness of the TFM, specifically within the TRACE code, which is widely utilized for nuclear reactor safety assessments. Incorporating a bubble collision model in the momentum equations is demonstrated to enhance the TFM's resilience, especially in scenarios with high void fractions where conventional TFMs may face challenges. The analysis presents a linear stability analysis performed for the transient one-dimensional Two-Fluid Model of system code TRACE within the framework of vertically dispersed flows. The main emphasis is on evaluating the stability characteristics of the model while also acknowledging its susceptibility to closure relations and numerical techniques.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a new AC-DC converter control method to comply with harmonics regulation(IEC 61000-3) effective for the inverter system of an air conditioner whose power consumption is less than 2,500W. There are many different ways of AC-DC converter control, but this paper focuses on the converter control method that is adopting an input reactor with low cost silicon steel core to strengthen cost competitiveness of the manufacturer. The proposed control method controls input current every half cycle of the line frequency to get unit power factor and at the same time to reduce switching loss of devices and acoustic noise from reactor. This kind of converter is known as a Partial Switching Converter(PSC). In this study, theoretical analysis of the PSC has been performed using Matlab/Simulink while a 16-bit micro-processor based converter has been used to perform the experimental analysis. In the theoretical analysis, electrical circuit models and equations of the PSC are derived and simulated. In the experiments, micro-processor controls input current to keep the power factor above 0.95 by reducing the phase difference between input voltage and current and at the same time to maintain a reference DC-link voltage against voltage drop which depends on DC-link load. Therefore it becomes possible to comply with harmonic regulations while the power factor is maximized by optimizing the time of current flow through the input reactor for every half cycle of line frequency.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2006

관례의 전력계통에서는 스위칭 컨트롤러, 반도체 전력변환 설비, 사무 자동화 기기, PC 등으로 인하여 중성선에 많은 양의 영상 고조파가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 중성선 영상 고조파 전류를 줄이기 위하여 리액터의 일종인 NHER (Neutral-line Harmonics Eliminating Reactor)를 설계하고 해석하는 연구를 수행하였다. C++프로그램을 활용하여 NHER의 설계프로그램을 개발하였고, 설계프로그램을 확인하기 위해 380/220[V], 200[A]의 모델을 적용하여 설계 및 해석하였다. 최적화 설계 결과 철손이 26[%] 저감되었고, 특히 9 고조파는 다른 고조파에 비하여 크게 감소하였다. NHER을 설계할 때에는 실제 적용되는 부하의 영상고조파나 효율 등을 고려하면 더 좋은 결과가 나올 것이다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.371-383
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• 2014

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) offers a unique opportunity for biological and basic medical researches due to its genetic tractability and well-defined developmental lineage. It also provides an exceptional model for genetic, molecular, and cellular analysis of human disease-related genes. Recently, C. elegans has been used as an ideal model for the identification and functional analysis of drugs (or small-molecules) in vivo. In this review, we describe conserved oncogenic signaling pathways (Wnt, Notch, and Ras) and their potential roles in the development of cancer stem cells. During C. elegans germline development, these signaling pathways regulate multiple cellular processes such as germline stem cell niche specification, germline stem cell maintenance, and germ cell fate specification. Therefore, the aberrant regulations of these signaling pathways can cause either loss of germline stem cells or overproliferation of a specific cell type, resulting in sterility. This sterility phenotype allows us to identify drugs that can modulate the oncogenic signaling pathways directly or indirectly through a high-throughput screening. Current in vivo or in vitro screening methods are largely focused on the specific core signaling components. However, this phenotype-based screening will identify drugs that possibly target upstream or downstream of core signaling pathways as well as exclude toxic effects. Although phenotype-based drug screening is ideal, the identification of drug targets is a major challenge. We here introduce a new technique, called Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability (DARTS). This innovative method is able to identify the target of the identified drug. Importantly, signaling pathways and their regulators in C. elegans are highly conserved in most vertebrates, including humans. Therefore, C. elegans will provide a great opportunity to identify therapeutic drugs and their targets, as well as to understand mechanisms underlying the formation of cancer.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.286-292
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• 2020

Imaging through multicore fiber (MCF) is of great significance in the biomedical domain. Although several techniques have been developed to image an object from a signal passing through MCF, these methods are strongly dependent on the surroundings, such as vibration and the temperature fluctuation of the fiber's environment. In this paper, we apply a new, strong technique called deep learning to reconstruct the phase image through a MCF in which each core is multimode. To evaluate the network, we employ the binary cross-entropy as the loss function of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with improved U-net structure. The high-quality reconstruction of input objects upon spatial light modulation (SLM) can be realized from the speckle patterns of intensity that contain the information about the objects. Moreover, we study the effect of MCF length on image recovery. It is shown that the shorter the fiber, the better the imaging quality. Based on our findings, MCF may have applications in fields such as endoscopic imaging and optical communication.

• Nano
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.1850125.1-1850125.12
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• 2018

To reduce the imbalance of impedance matching between the magnetic metal nanowires and free space, $Fe/TiO_2$ core/shell nanowire arrays with different diameters were fabricated in the templates of anodic aluminum oxide membranes by electrodeposition. The influences of the microstructure on the microwave absorption properties of the $Fe/TiO_2/Al_2O_3$ composites were studied by the transmission/reflection waveguide method. It was demonstrated experimentally that both the interfacial polarization and the diameter of the $Fe/TiO_2$ core/shell nanowires have critical effects on the microwave absorption properties. We also investigated the angle dependence of the microwave absorption properties. Due to the interfacial polarization and associated relaxation, the $Fe/TiO_2/Al_2O_3$ composites exhibited optimal microwave absorption properties when microwave propagation direction was accordant with the axis of the nanowires. Finally, we managed to obtain an optimal reflection loss of below -10 dB (90% absorption) over 10.2-14.8 GHz, with a thickness of 3.0 mm and the minimum value of -39.4 dB at 11.7 GHz.

• 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2021

IT 의존도가 급격히 높아진 현재 비즈니스 환경에서 재해 또는 사이버 공격으로 인한 위험도 점차 증가하고 있다. 각종 재해로 인해 비즈니스 중단이 초래된 상황에서 서비스를 계속 제공할 수 있는 능력인 비즈니스 연속성은 필수적이다. 즉, 미리 정해진 복구시간목표(RTO)와 복구지점목표(RPO) 시간 내에 신속한 복구로 핵심 비즈니스 기능을 중단 없이 유지할 수 있는 계획을 세워야 한다. 본 논문에서는 비즈니스 연속성 보장을 위한 RTO, RPO를 최소화할 수 있는 재해복구시스템 구축방안을 제시한다. 재해복구시스템 구성은 Tier 7의 재해복구 모델 및 동기식 스토리지 복제, Hot 재해복구 사이트, 운영관리 자동화 솔루션을 채택하였다. 이를 통해 데이터 손실이 거의 없고 RTO 및 RPO를 최소화함으로써 핵심 비즈니스의 연속성을 보장한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2276-2283
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• 2018

A 50kW-4000rpm interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) applied to the high-performance electric vehicle (EV) is introduced in this paper. The main work of this paper is that a 2-D T-type lumped-parameter thermal network (LPTN) model is presented for IPMSM temperature rise calculation. Thermal conductance matrix equation is generated based on calculated thermal resistance and loss. Thus the temperature of each node is obtained by solving thermal conductance matrix. Then a 3-D liquid-solid coupling model is built to compare with the 2-D T-type LPTN model. Finally, an experimental platform is established to verify the above-mentioned methods, which obtains the measured efficiency map and current wave at rated load case and overload case. Thermocouple PTC100 is used to measure the temperature of the stator winding and iron core, and the FLUKE infrared-thermal-imager is applied to measure the surface temperature of IPMSM and controller. Test results show that the 2-D T-type LPTN model have a high accuracy to predict each part temperature.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 Two transistor forward(TTF) DC-DC 컨버터의 회로방식에 대한 전력변환 효율특성을 빠르고 효과적인 분석 방법에 대해 보고한 것이다. TTF 컨버터의 회로 구성 소자 중에서 내부 기생저항만을 고려한 등가회로를 유도하고 이상적인 동작 파형을 이용하여 전류의 실효값과 전도손실을 유도하였다. 해석을 간단하게 하기위해서 정상상태 결과로부터 코어 손실은 무시하였으며, 다이오드의 손실과 전도손실 만을 고려하였다. 해석결과의 타당성을 검토하기 위해서 시험용 TTF 컨버터를 구성하여 검증하였다. 입력전압 390V, 출력전압 12V, 최대전력 480W의 조건에서 실험결과와 해석결과와 비교적 잘 일치한다는 것을 본 논문에서 확인 하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.156-168
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• 2023

This study investigates the high temperature oxidation behaviour of a Ni-20Cr-1.2Si (wt.%) alloy in steam from 1200 ℃ to 1350 ℃ by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrate that exposed Ni-based alloy developed a thin oxide scale, consisted mainly of Cr₂O₃. The oxidation kinetics obtained from the experimental results was applied to evaluate the hydrogen generation considering a simplified reactor core model with different cladding alloys following an unmitigated Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) scenario in a hypothetical Small Modular Reactor (SMR). Overall, experimental data and simulations results show that both Fe-based and Ni-based alloys may enhance cladding survivability, delaying its melting, as well as reducing hydrogen generation under accident conditions compared to Zr-based alloys. However, a substantial neutron absorption occurs when Ni-based alloys are used as cladding for current uranium-dioxide fuel systems, even when compared to Fe-based alloys.