• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.871-907
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish a new rural development policy system based on the unit of a community organizations. This study is to complement or replace the existing rural development system which is based on the unit of rural villages. The communalism which is the core concept of traditional rural villages has been weakened or destroyed. Especially, economic, social and spatial communalism of a rural villages has been weakened rapidly in the process of industralization and urbanization for the last 50 years. This means that strong communalism inside rural villages and neighborhood independence from each others among rural villages are already weakened. Rural villages no longer represent rural area, unlikely the hypothesis policy makers have been used to set up rural development policies. Advanced countries like EU and Japan are well known to have a rural development policy based on the units of social organizations in the rural area. These policies have been on the main stream in the era of local decentralization. Rural resident's organization made rural site's development plan using local assets and submitted to the public sector. Then the public sector examine its value and possibilities as a rural development projects. And public sector finalize the decision on subsidy grant. These policy patterns are already introduced partly in the field of urban development programme as well as rural development programme. It is time to apply those policies more widely and to examine more systematically.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.17 s.17
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• pp.73-82
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• 2005

The Bunhwangsaseoktop is the oldest stone brick pagoda in Silla Period. The pagoda body is made by piling small brick-shaped stones trimmed from black andesite and the first-story core has a shrine, which is made by granite. In 1915 it was repaired on a large scale, but now is severely damaged. Many kind of the stone decay like flaking, granular disintegration have occurred especially on the granite surface of the pagoda. In this study have been investigated the stone decay type and its cause in relation to efflorescence on the body part. Various analysis show that the deterioration on the granite is due to the same materials that lead to efflorescence on the body stone surface. The soluble salt like sodium nitrate, calcium sulfate and sodium sulfate come from white joint mortar. This salt solution is recrystallized in the outside of the pagoda, but most of them flow down with rain. In This process the porous granite absorbes the dissolved salts with moisture into the inside by capillary action. In order to reduce this problem, therefore, white joint moral is changed with other less soluble materials. And it is necessary to take steps to prevent water from seep into the inside of the stone, because this water dissolves the white joint mortar.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2015

Current leakage of industrial technologies with revealing state secret against nation is gradually increasing and scope of the spill is diversified from technology-oriented leakage to new economic security sector like information and communication, electrical and electronic, defense industry, illegal export of strategic material, economic order disturbance by foreign country, infringement of intellectual property, etc. So the spill damage can affect not only leaked company but also national interests and entire domestic industry. According to statistics from National Industrial Security Center of National Intelligence Service, a major cause of technology leakage is not only by external things about hacking and malignant code, but internal leakage of former and current employees account for about 80%. And technology leakage due to temptation of money and personal interests followed by technology leakage of subcontractor is steadily increased. Most studies in the field of security have tended to focus on measuring security capability of company in order to prevent leakage core assets or developing measurement Indicators for management rather than security activities of the company members that is most important. Therefore, this study analyzes the effect of most underlying security education in security activities on security capabilities of enterprise. As a result, it indicates that security education have a positive(+) correlation with security capabilities.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2014

This paper aims at delivering significant implications to high-tech startups by visualizing the implementation process of leading KOSDAQ listed companies's business model. This paper founded two meaningful outcomes; first, hish-tech starts-up make a clear direction of implementing intangible business model in real business, second, targeting the role model of benchmarking business model among leading companies, by linking common feature between high-tech starts-up and leading KOSDAQ listed venutures sharing one of Key performance indexes falls on viable business model. The research results of visualizing the implementation of leading KOSDAQ listed ventures' business model shows three major implications. First, business model indicates not just simple logic of creating and delivering values, but more shows CEO leading management vehicle. Second, business model represents the multi-dimension process itself of integrating in and out company's core assets and competencies initiated by CEO. Third, financial outcomes of business model is automatic result of implementing on setting target customer, creating value, and delivering it rather than planned strategically. Fourth, the focal points of implementing business model falls on collecting real information from business sites.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.340-347
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• 2012

In Korea, the game software and service industry is the core cultural industry from it's significant academic and policy. However, recent growth is slowing down because of increasing competition in the industry. In other words, most of the companies growth have reached limit caused by focusing only on short-term revenue-generating management, Therefore, the game software and service companies are needed to emphasize strategic planning of R&D and product development based on the long-term perspective. The purpose of this analysis is to measure the efficiency of management by data envelopment analysis(DEA), using data from 20 companies in the game software and service industry. Input variances are number of labor, total asset, and total investment and output variances are total sale and enterprise value. The results are followings: First, There was a different efficiency between the companies in the game software and service industry. The eight companies was inefficiency. Second, six inefficiency companies were excessive number of the employees and investment assets. third, four companies were CRS, five companies were IRS and eleven companies were DRS. From the result, five companies have to increase the scale of input variance and eleven companies also have to improve efficiency of input variance.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.203-217
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• 2017

This study aims to verify the effects of unrealized gain or loss, that is the fair value evaluation item of insurance company's assets and liabilities, to capital markets focusing on fair value evaluation of insurance company's liabilities, which is the core of IFRS 17 that will be implemented in 2021. For this purpose we carried out regression analysis to verify the effects of changed other comprehensive income(OCI) and accumulated OCI, published in quarterly financial statements of listed insurance companies, on stock price utilizing Ohlson(1995)'s extended test model. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. First, changed OCI showed a significant negative(-) effects on stock price. Second, accumulated OCI revealed a significant positive(+) effects on stock price. Furthermore, extended test model classifying changed OCI and accumulated OCI in a basic model represented the highest $R^2$ number and public announcement policy of OCI, a kind of unrealized gain or loss item, implied that it could give positive impact on accounting information. But still the direction that unrealized gain or loss affects on firm value must be carefully reviewed and considered in the future via more detailed study by the user of information. Therefore this study is meaningful in that it can predict usefulness of information on insurance company's fair value evaluation via empirical test accompanied by introduction of newly established IFRS 17 and it also can suggest direction of information production suitable for capital market.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.33-50
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• 2020

Knowledge recipes are packages of knowledge which arise from the process of combining the knowledge assets in the organization in distinctive ways. This involves converting them into useful outputs which are the ideal core competitive advantage enablers for companies. The major objective of this study was to propose a knowledge recipe for financial-sector state corporations in Kenya. The study adopted a convergent parallel mixed methods research design. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using questionnaires and key informant interviews. The target population of the study was 1574 respondents drawn from all financial state corporations. A multistage sampling technique was used for the study. The first phase involved purposive sampling of the organizations to be studied whereby the four state corporations namely: Capital Markets Authority, Competition Authority of Kenya, Kenya Investment Authority, and Kenya Revenue Authority were identified. The second phase entailed stratified sampling of the respondents in three strata namely senior management team, knowledge management team, and general staff. The authors used a census of all senior management team and knowledge management staff while a simple random sampling technique was used for the general staff. By use of the Krejcie and Morgan table, the actual sample size was 358 respondents from all the four organizations. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview schedules. The qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis while the quantitative data were analyzed by the use of Ms. Excel and VOSviewer and presented using pie charts, bar graphs, and tables. The response rate for this study was 257 (72%). The study revealed that while most employees in the financial sector organizations understand their knowledge needs, knowledge types, knowledge uses and knowledge gaps, they do not have a universal knowledge recipe to facilitate effective knowledge management in their organizations. Consequently, the authors propose a universal knowledge recipe for the state corporations in the financial sector in Kenya. The ingredients of the recipe are legal-knowledge (18%), financial knowledge (15%), administrative knowledge (11%), best practice (10%), lessons learnt (8%), human resource knowledge (8%), research and statistics knowledge (7%), product knowledge (6%), policy and procedure knowledge (5%), ICT knowledge (4%), investor knowledge (3%), markets knowledge (2%), general knowledge (2%) and regulatory framework knowledge (1%).

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.175-185
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose a direction planning integrated waterfront cultural city in terms of urban economic revitalization through regeneration of former industrial harborfront and the creation of cultural living spaces based on regional history in order to pursue urban activities. Method: Analyzing planning waterfront and historical cultural space based on MM21's development policy and strategy under the growth process and development of Yokohama. Results: MM21 is the core public project out of the six major projects promoted by Yokohama, which is on the brink of satellite cities for the expansion of Tokyo with a goal of qualitative transformation of former harbor. It is planned to be developed as a creative cultural waterfront city for an integrated urban development. Conclusion: Planning waterfront cultural city, which takes advantage of the former harbor city derived through MM21 analysis, provides the cityscape towards the sea and the port via the viewing point and opens the waterfront open to the port and the sea Space and Esplanade landscape development, preservation of historic buildings and cultural assets, recycling as cultural art space, waterfront space planning that cooperates with public culture art and pedestrian network.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.117-128
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• 2018

The central of Ulsan was formed and has been developed in alluvial plains the Riverfront of Taehwa River and Dongcheon River Fortresses including Gyebyeonseong of the late Silla, Chisoseong of the Goryeo, Ulsan Gyeonsangjwabyeongyeongseong, Ulsaneupseong, Ulsanwaeseong and Yeompoyeongseong as well as Gugangseowon and Old Ulsanhyanggyo and other facilities well display such fact. In the southern areas of Taehwa River, Byeokpajeong of Samsan, Buddhist temples and pavilion architectures used to be located. In its upstream areas, Eonyangeupseong, Eonyanghyanggo, Banguseowon and Daegokcheon Petroglyph exist as well. As such, the Riverfront of Taehwa River are a central space where the civilization of Ulsan has grown and developed, and are regarded as a core scenic asset of Ulsan. However, the look and nature of Taehwa River changed significantly due to Ulsan irrigation project and the construction of modern bridges such as Ulsangyo and Ulsan railway bridge during the period of Japanese occupation. The old look of the area started to be ruined by water contaminations and developments of waterfront lands that resulted from the development of Ulsan Industrial Center in 1962. The water quality of Taehwa River has been improved as a result of allotting a huge budget and administrative powers before and after 1997, the year when Ulsan was elevated to a metropolitan city. However, the surrounding views around Taehwa River changed greatly due to various urban development projects including apartment complex constructions. This is because the development of the Riverfront started from a land utilization project, in which the construction of apartment complexes was included in the initial phase; as a result, the areas were changed to be private scenic assets for those apartments. Aware of such issue, this study aims to identify major scenic elements that were present in the period before such developments in the river's surrounding areas from literature and geography materials; and to reveal how various urban development projects that have been performed from the period of Japanese occupation have changed the scenic elements of Riverfront of Taehwa River. The purpose of this study is to identify qualitative and quantitative changes in scenic elements of the Riverfront of Taehwa River as well as the characteristics of the resulting changes in the surrounding scenery.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.46-53
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• 2022

Today, due to the 4th industrial revolution and extensive R&D funding, domestic companies have begun to possess world-class industrial technologies and have grown into important assets. The national government has designated it as a "national core technology" in order to protect companies' critical industrial technologies. Particularly, technology leaks in the shipbuilding, display, and semiconductor industries can result in a significant loss of competitiveness not only at the company level but also at the national level. Every year, there are more insider leaks, ransomware attacks, and attempts to steal industrial technology through industrial spy. The stolen industrial technology is then traded covertly on the dark web. In this paper, we propose a system for detecting industrial technology leaks in the dark web environment. The proposed model first builds a database through dark web crawling using information collected from the OSINT environment. Afterwards, keywords for industrial technology leakage are extracted using the KeyBERT model, and signs of industrial technology leakage in the dark web environment are proposed as quantitative figures. Finally, based on the identified industrial technology leakage sites in the dark web environment, the possibility of secondary leakage is detected through the PageRank algorithm. The proposed method accepted for the collection of 27,317 unique dark web domains and the extraction of 15,028 nuclear energy-related keywords from 100 nuclear power patents. 12 dark web sites identified as a result of detecting secondary leaks based on the highest nuclear leak dark web sites.