• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 2008

A novel beetle antimicrobial protein from stimulated Copris tripartitus and the corresponding gene were isolated in parallel through differential display-PCR and expression in Escherichia coli. To find cDNA clones responsible for bacteria resistance, the suppression subtractive hybridization and GeneFishing differentially expressed genes system were employed in the dung beetle, Copris tripartitus immunized with lipopolysaccaride. One cDNA clone from eight subtracted clones was selected through dot blot analysis and confirmed by northern blot analysis. The 516-bp, selected cDNA clone was determined by 5' and 3' rapid amplication of cDNA ends and cloned into the GST fusion expression vector pGEX-4T-1 for expression of the protein. The expressed protein was predicted 14.7 kDa and inhibited the growth of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These results implied that the expressed protein is related to immune defense mechanism against microorganism.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 2007

Copris tripartitus Waterhouse is a coprophagus insect which enhances the soil fertility as conveying dung into the soil. We compared preimaginal development, mortality, and size of C. tripartitus at various temperature condition (15, 17.5, 20, 25, 27.5, 30). Total preimaginal periods ranged from 118.0d at $17.5^{\circ}C$ to 49.3d at $27.5^{\circ}C$. Development threshold temperature (DT) and total effective temperature for the development of egg, larva, pupa and for complete development (egg to emergence) were 12.1, 11.2, 12.1 and $9.2^{\circ}C$ and 82.7, 462.0, 225.7 and 947.2 degree days, respectively. The mortality of egg and larva was the lowest at $25^{\circ}C$. The optimum temperature for hatchability and on the development of C. tripartitus was estimated to the $25^{\circ}C$.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.31-41
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• 2018

The dung beetle, Copris tripartitus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an endangered insect in South Korea. Previously, partial mitochondrial COI and CytB gene sequences have been used to infer genetic diversity and gene flow of this species in South Korea. In this study, we additionally collected C. tripartitus (n = 35) from one previous locality and two new localities, sequenced COI and CytB genes, and combined these with preexisting data for population genetic analysis. Sequence divergence of current samples showed slightly lower values [4.86% (32 bp) for COI and 4.16% (18 bp) for CytB] than that in the previous study. Nucleotide diversity (${\pi}$) ranged from 0.005336 (Gulupdo) to 0.020756 (Seogwi-dong) in COI and 0.009060 (Aewol-eup) to 0.017464 (Seogwi-dong) in CytB. Seogwi-dong samples that showed the highest ${\pi}$ in the previous study also showed the highest ${\pi}$ in this study for both gene sequences. The newly investigated Gulupdo samples had the lowest haplotype diversity for both gene sequences. They also had the lowest ${\pi}$ for COI and the second lowest ${\pi}$ for CytB. On the other hand, the newly added Haean-dong sample had relatively higher diversity estimates. Gene flow among populations was high, although significant difference was only detected between Gulupdo and Anmado or between Gulupdo and Seogwi-dong for COI sequences (P < 0.05). Considering the high genetic diversity and gene flow in C. tripartitus populations, one major issue regarding conservation seems not to be recovery of genetic diversity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2005

The dung beetle species living in grazing pasture in Korea and their life cycle such as characteristics of habitation and hibernation were investigated for five year. Eleven species belonging to five genera of dung beetles were found in the grazing pasture. They started to appear around the middle of April when grazing begins on pasture. Dung booties kept on laying eggs until the beginning of August and maintained their activity until the end of October. They passed the winter as a form of an imago twenty five to thirty centimeters under the ground. Loamy soil and sandy soil containing plenty of humus were prefered as a hibemaculum by them. Five genera of dung beetles. Aprodius spp, Onthophagus spp., Liatongus spp., Copris spp., Scarabaeus spp. were found and observed in s study. Three species of them like Scarabaeus affinis had more an twenty eight millimeter long body, and the body length of five species like Copris tripartitus were between ten and twenty millimeters. Three species of them like Apodius sublimbatus were had the body length of less than ten millimeters. The results of indoor experiments to study propagation power of dung beetle showed that the optimum temperature for propagation of Copris ochus and Copris tripartitus were between twenty and thirty degrees and the lowest temperature for living of dung beetle was eighteen degrees while e highest temperature being thirty five degrees. A light did not effect the propagation power of dung beetles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2001

No Abstract. See Full-text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.77-77
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• 2001

no Abstract, See Full Text

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.217-221
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• 2008

Dung beetle larvae at the $3^{rd}$ instar were injected with lipopolysaccaride and inducible proteins were examined within a pI level of 3-10 and a size level by proteomics, including 1-D SDS PAGE analysis and antibacterial assay. The immune infected larvae extracts provided seven protein bands in one-dimensional electrophoresis and its antibacterial activity also checked. Hemolymph protein from immune infected larvae of the dung beetle were separated by twodimensional gel electrophoresis and compared with those from native larvae. In 2-D gel electrophoresis, we detected 63 immune infected unique and 32 up-regulated proteins, and 36 proteins that were down-regulated or not present in treated gel. Ten protein spots from unique proteins and those presented as different level of abundance in infected and native larvae were specially expressed. These differentially expressed proteins were proposed to be involved in the defense mechanism against microorganism.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the synthetic CopA3 peptide of Copris tripartitus on skin inflammation. Regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the immunological activity of RAW 264.7 cells. Tested cells were treated with different concentrations of CopA3 and further cultured for an appropriate time after lipopolyssacharide (LPS) addition. During the entire experimental period, 5, 25, 50, and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ of CopA3 had no cytotoxicity. At these concentrations, CopA3 inhibited tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). CopA3 also inhibited the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). CopA3 inhibited the activity of iNOS and COX-2 by 41% and 59%, respectively, at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$. In addition, CopA3 reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6. These results suggest that CopA3 may have significant effects on inflammatory factors and that it may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.62-62
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• 2002