• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2018

Studies on the interactions of amyloidogenic proteins with trace metals, such as copper, have indicated that the metal ions perform a critical function in the early oligomerization process. Herein, we investigate the effects of Cu(II) ions on the active sequence regions of amyloidogenic proteins using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and collision induced dissociation tandem MS (CID-MS/MS). We chose three amyloidogenic peptides NNQQNY, LYQLEN, and VQIVYK from yeast prion like protein Sup35, insulin chain A, and tau protein, respectively. [Cu-peptide] complexes for all three peptides were observed in the mass spectra. The mass spectra also show that increasing Cu(II) concentrations decrease the population of existing peptide oligomers. The tandem mass spectrum of NNQQNY shows preferential binding for the N-terminal region. All three peptides are likely to appear to be in a Cu-monomer-monomer (Cu-M-M) structure instead of a monomer-Cu-monomer (M-Cu-M) structure.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2009

We studied to compare the fractionation patterns of Ni, Cu, Zn in Jeju volcanic ash soils and to elucidate the uptakes of them by Pakchoi(Brassica campestris var. chinensis). Fractionation patterns of soils by sequential extraction method were different and make to distinguish from various soil types. In Pakchoi, the transfer rates of Ni, Cu, Zn from root to shoot were also different by metal types. There are low corelation between fractional contents in soil and contents in plants of trace elements except for exchangeable Zn. It is needed to develop novel methods for the assessment soil Ni in relation to plant uptake because of poor corelation.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.205-210
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• 2005

The content of the trace metals in the cultured and wild fishes were determined. The tested fishes were genuin porgy (Pagrus major) and black porgy (Acanthopogrus schlegeli). The samples of the cultured and wild fishes were collected from slices of raw fish in shops, during 2003 to 2004. The samples were digested with acids, then analyzed by ICP (inductively Coupled plasma Spectrometer) and AAS (Automic Absorption Spectrometer) for the content of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). The content of mercury (Hg) was determined using mercury analyzer. The mean contents of trace metals in cultured and wild fish was 0.031,0.047mg/kg far total-mercury,0.321,0.407 for Pb, 0.048,0.063 for Cd, 1.006, 1.132 for As, 0.467,0.806 for Cu, 0.233, 0.293 for Cr, 9.69, 12.20 for Zn,0.798, 0.624 mg/kg far Mn, respectively. The content of all the trace metals except manganese in wild fish was more than that in cultured fish. The highest level of total-mercury, lead, cadmium, zinc, chromium and arsenic in the samples analyzed were all below the quarantine limit of Korean regulation and guideline established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration f3r human consumption. The level of the trace metals in the samples was negligible, which could be endogenous. Our data obtained in this study showed that the average weekly intakes of lead, cadmium and mercury from cultured and wild fishes takes about $6\∼13\%$ of Un(Provisional Tolerance Weekley Intakes) that FAO/WHO Joint Food Additive and Contaminants Committee has set to evaluate their safeties.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.306-314
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• 2021

The application of organic fertilizer could be accompanied by potential hazards to soil and humans due to trace metals. Livestock manure compost·liquefied fertilizer is a well-established approach for the stabilization of nutrients and the reduction of pathogens and odors in manures, which can be evaluated as compost·liquefied. In this study, the livestock manure compost·liquefied fertilizers produced at 333 liquid manure public resource centers and liquid fertilizer distribution centers were collected from May to December 2019. The nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), physicochemical properties, and heavy metal content were investigated. The livestock manure compost·liquefied fertilizer was measured using a mechanical maturity measurement device. The organic matter, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, E. coli (O157:H7), Salmonella, etc. of the livestock manure compost·liquefied fertilizers were analyzed. The average heavy metal content in the livestock manure compost·liquefied fertilizer was as follows: Cr 2.9 mg/kg (0.2~8.7 mg/kg), Cu 20.4 mg/kg (1.6~74.1 mg/kg), Ni 1.3 mg/kg (0.4~4.2 mg/kg), and Zn 79.8 mg/kg (3.0~340.7 mg/kg). Although large-scale organic fertilizer plants and resources recycling centers produce good organic (liquid) fertilizers with proper components, it is necessary to standardize livestock manure compost·liquefied fertilizer in order to facilitate efforts to turn livestock manure into useful resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2004

A large amount 2.1×106 ㎥ of the polluted sediment was dredged from the Masan Bay and deposited in Gapo confined area, Masan. The dissolved metal concentrations of seawater in the dumping site (Gapo area) were observed during one tidal cycle and compared with those of seawater obtained from Jinhae Bay. The sediment was evaluated as from Non polluted to Moderately polluted by USEPA standards. It was judged that toxicological effects of sediment analyzed ranged from ERL to ERM with copper and zinc, and ERL with cadmium, chrome, lead, and nickel by the Adverse Biological Effects. The pollutant concentration was low in surface sediment compared to deeper sediment since the sediments with relatively low concentrations of pollutant were dumped to the surface. The pollutant concentration was low in surface sediment compared to deeper sediment since the sediments with relatively low concentrations of pollutant were dumped to the surface. The benthic organisms in Gapo area had higher concentrations of trace metals (Oyster: Zn 238.96, Cu 5.29 ㎍/g wet wt., Clam: Zn 17.71, Cu 1.00 ㎍/g wet wt., Mussel. Zn 187.98, Pb 0.28, Cr 0.15, Mn 4.23, Sr 1.45 and Fe 100.33 ㎍/g wet wt.) compared to outside of dumping site. However, the trace metal level in the bivalves was less than the NFPQIS (National Fisheries Products Quality Inspection Service) standard.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.435-442
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• 1993

Carboxymethylated polyamine-polyurea resin loaded with rubeanic acid (RCCPPI resin) was obtained by 1 step chemical reaction between chlorocarboxymethylated polyamine-polyurea(CCPPI) resin as matrix polymer and rebeanic acid. This resin was confirmed with infrared spectrometry, elemental analysis, and thermal analysis(DSC). The adsorption characteristics of the heavy metal's on the resin were studied by measuring distribution coefficient($K_d$) with changing pH of the solutions and frontal chromatography. The enrichment, recovery, and analysis of trace heavy metals, such as cadmium, cerium, copper, nikel, lead, and zinc, in the presence of high concentrations of sodium, calcium, and acetate salts was possible quantitatively by a column packed with the resin at each optimum pH. Preconcentration factors were more than 25. To elute the adsorbed heavy metals on the resin, 0.025M EDTA solution(pH 9.0) was used.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1757-1762
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• 2006

A solvent sublation using salphen as a ligand was studied and applied for the determination of trace Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) in water samples. The fundamental study was investigated by a solvent extraction process because the solvent sublation was done by extracting the floated analytes into an organic solvent from the aqueous solution. The salphen complexes of Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) ions were formed in an alkaline solution of more than pH 8 and then they were extracted into m-xylene. It was known that the each metallic ion formed 1 : 1 complex with the salphen and the logarithmic values of extraction constants for the complexes were 3.3 5.1 as an average value. Based on the preliminary study, the procedure was fixed for the separation and concentration of the analytes in samples. Various conditions such as the pH of solutions, the influence of $NaClO_4$, the bubbling rate and time of $N_2$ gas, and the type of organic solvent were optimized. The metal-salphen complexes could be extracted into m-xylene from the solution of more than pH 8, but the pH could be shifted to acidic solution of pH 6 by the addition of $NaClO_4$. In addition, the solvent sublation efficiency of the analytes was increased by adding $NaClO_4$. The recovery of 97-115% was obtained in the spiked samples in which given amounts of 0.3 mg/L Ni(II), 0.8 mg/L Co(II) and 0.04 mg/L Cu(II) were added.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2011

This study is to measure the differences of the trace-metals resulted from the different ecologies, such as nickel(Ni), copper(Cu), zinc(Zn), cadmium(Cd), plumbum(Pb), arsenic(As) and chrome(Cr) remaining in the parts of Korean Yeongdeok Crab (KYC) and Russian Snow Crab (RSC) based on ICP-MS. The recovery rate of each metal certified the reference materials (CRM) was in the average of 81~99%, which corresponded with the level required in Codex. The level of metals in the parts of KYC was in the order of Ni > As > Zn > Cu > Cr > Cd in the both male and female shell; the order of Zn > As > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd in the leg flesh; the order of Zn > As > Cu > Cr > Cd > Ni in the body flesh; the order of Cu > Zn > As > Cd > Cr > Ni in the gill; the order of Cu > As > Zn > Cd > Ni > Cr in the male hepatopancreas; the order of Cu > Zn > As > Cd > Cr > Ni in the female hepatopancreas, thereby showing some differences. It was revealed that the levels of most metals (nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic and chrome) were similar between KYC and RSC except cadmium which was somewhat lower than that of KYC. However, the cadmium in RSC was discovered in high level in most of the parts, two times higher in the hepatopancreas, and four times in the gill. It was also revealed that the trace metal contents were changing according to the size of KYC; the metals with the highest level of Ni in shell, Zn in leg and body flesh, Cu in gill tended to decrease as growing, whereas the cadmium contents tended to increase overall and accumulated the most in hepatopancreas. The results showed there was a possibility that the phenomenon of bioaccumulation within hepatopancreas would increase as growing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.177-180
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• 2003

A glassy carbon electrode(GCE) modified with nafion-DTPA-glycerol was used for the highly selective and sensitive determination of a trace amount of Cu$\^$2+/. Various experimental parameters, which influenced the response of nafion-DTPA-glycerol modified electrode to Cu$\^$2+/, were optimized. The copper(II) was accumulated on the electrode surface by the formation of the complex in an open circuit, and the resulting surface was characterized by medium exchange, electrochemical reduction, and differential pulse voltammetry, A linear range was obtained in the concentration range 1.0${\times}$10$\^$-8/M∼1.0${\times}$10$\^$-6/M Cu(II) with 7 min preconcentration. Further, when an approximate amount of lead(II) is added to the test solution, nafion-DTPA-glycerol modified glassy carbon electrode has a dynamic range of 2 orders magnitude(1.0${\times}$10$\^$-9/M∼1.0${\times}$10$\^$-7/M). The detection limit(3 $\sigma$) was as low as 5.0${\times}$10$\^$-6/M(0.032ppb). The interferences from other metal ions could be reduced by adding KCN into the sample solutions. This method was applied to the determination of coppe,(II) in certified reference material(3.23${\times}$10$\^$-7/M, 21ppb), sea water(9.50${\times}$10/sup-7/M, 60ppb). The result agrees satisfactorily with the value measured by Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.146-150
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• 1994

The simultaneous determination of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in 1.000%(w/v) tungsten matrix by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry at a hanging mercury drop electrode has been studied. Tartaric acid(pH=5.00) was used as a supporting electrolyte. Optimum analytical conditions were found that the deposition potential was -1.2 volt(vs. Ag/AgCl), the deposition time was 3 minutes. The linear concentration range of all trace metal ions in 1.000%(w/v) tungsten matrix were 10 to 50 ppb. And the detection limit(3${\sigma}$) of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper were 1.25, 1.02, 1.69, and 1.02 ppb respectively. This method was superior to the ICP-AES method which detection limits(3${\sigma}$) in 1.000%(w/v) tungsten matrix were 8.0, 5.0, 120 and 5 ppb respectively.