• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1007-1013
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• 2004

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of cadmium levels on weight gain, nutrient digestibility and the retention of iron, copper and zinc in tissues of growing pigs. A total of one hundred and ninety-two crossbred pigs (barrows, Duroc$\times$Landrace$\times$Yorkshine, 27.67$\pm$1.33 kg of average initial body weight) were randomly allotted to four treatments. Each treatment had three replicates with 16 pigs per pen. The corn-soybean basal diets were supplemented with 0, 0.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/kg cadmium respectively, and the feeding experiment lasted for eight-three days. Cadmium chloride was used as cadmium source. The results showed that pigs fed the diet containing 10.0 mg/kg cadmium had lower ADG and FCR than any other treatments (p<0.05). Apparent digestibility of protein in 10.0 mg/kg cadmium-treated group was lower than that of other groups (p<0.05). There was lower iron retention in some tissues of 5.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg cadmium treatments (p<0.05). However, pigs fed the diet 10.0 mg/kg cadmium had higher copper content in most tissues than that of any other groups (p<0.05). There was a significantly increase of zinc retention in kidney of 10.0 mg/kg cadmium additional group (p<0.05) and zinc concentrations in lymphaden, pancreas and heart of 10.0 mg/kg cadmium treatment were lower than those of the control (p<0.05). This study indicated that relatively high cadmium level (10.0 mg/kg) could decrease pig growth performance and change the retention of iron, copper and zinc in most tissues during extended cadmium exposure period.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.127-139
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• 1991

Four group(Control I II, Treatment I II ) of Rats, each consisting of 10 rats, were studied Methylmercury Chloride MMc was orally given to Sprague-Dawley male at does of 10mg/kg (5 mg/kg $\cdot$ day), 10mg/kg after two weeks. This study was designed to investigate the distribution, the difference and the ratio of organic mercury, total mercury, zinc and copper in tissue, in each others group. The result were as follows: 1. There was no significantly difference in the body weight between two groups( p > 0.05). 2. There was significantly difference in the distribution of zinc concentration in liver, kidndey, blood, spleen between control I and treatment I, and in blood, spleen between control II and treatment II (P < 0.05). 3. There was significantly difference in the distribution of copper concentration in kidney, blood between control I and treatment I, and in spleen brain between control II and treatment II. 4. The ratio of zinc concentration in treatment/control was high at spleen. 5. The ratio of methylmercury/totalmercury was high at spleen.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.411-417
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• 1990

To compare the dietary and urinary minerals with serum lipid and minerals this study was carried out on 30 rural housewives in Kyunggi area. Mean intake of energy was 1770.3Kcal and protein 55.5g per day. Mineral intakes per day were measured; sodium 4330mg phos-phorus 485.7mg calcium 388.0mg zinc 8.99mg and copper 2.23mg Urinary minerals were analy-sed ; sodium 4379mg phosphorum 371.3mg calcium 190.0mg zinc 328.0mg and copper 49.6mg. Serum contents of lipid and minerals were : cholesterol 169.0mg% triglyceride 70.6mg% $\beta$-lipoprotein 304.9mg% sodium 142.3mM phosphorus 3.94mg% calcium 9.06mg% zinc 1215.7 ppb and cooper 620.0ppb. Eietary sodium and zinc urinary copper were significantly related with serum lipids.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the obesity index and effect of dietary zinc and iron levels on serum trace minerals status in the high fat diet-induced obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control and high fat diet groups. Ten weeks later, the control and high fat diet group were rearranged into six groups by zinc and iron levels. After 16 wk serum zinc, iron, copper and manganese was analyzed. Obesity index was significantly higher in the group fed high fat diet (20% lard) than that of control group (5% corn oil). Body fat content was 12.10$\pm$4.51g/100g BW in high fat diet group and 7.64$\pm$4.18g/100g BW in control group. So, the obese rats were successfully induced by high fat diet. The trace mineral concentration of obese rats in serum were affected by zinc levels. Serum zinc concentration was increased by dietary zinc overload, whereas the iron, copper and manganese were decreased. Specially the manganese concentration was significantly affected by zinc levels. In both groups, serum trace mineral concentration was not changed significantly by the dietary iron levels. There were positive correlations between zinc, iron and manganese concentration according to dietary zinc and iron levels.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2014

Copper doped Zinc Oxide nanofilms were prepared using a simple and low cost wet chemical method. The microstructures, phase structure, Raman shift and optical absorption spectrum as well as magnetization were investigated for the nanofilms. Room temperature ferromagnetism has been observed for the nanofilms. Structural analyses indicated that the films possess wurtzite structure and there are no segregated clusters of impurity phase appreciating. The results show that the ferromagnetism in Copper doped Zinc Oxide nanofilms is driven either by a carrier or defect-mediated mechanism. The present work provides an evidence for the origin of ferromagnetism on Copper doped Zinc Oxide nanofilms.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1983

The present studs was undertaken to observe the histopathological changes on the cardiac and skeletal muscles, and liver of rabbits fed a commercial ration, either alone or with supplements of Zinc (3,000mg/kg. of diet, as sulfate), Copper (1,500mg/kg. of diet, as sulfate), Linoleic acid (3% of diet), Zinc with Linoleic acid and Copper with Linoleic acid. In the skeletal muscle, light microscopic changes observed were cloudy swelling, hyaline degeneration, atrophy, fragmentation and coagulative necrosis of muscle fibers, and proliferation of fibroblasts and infiltration of mononuclear cells. Especially, in rabbits fed with supplements of Zinc with Linoleic acid and Copper with Linoleic acid, calcification with muscle fibers progressing to necrosis were often observed. In the myocardium, loss of muscle fibers with necrosis and vacuolization, hyaline degeneration, hemorrhage and congestion were observed. In the liver, congestion and necrosis of hepatocytes, and centrilobular necrosis were observed. Differences of histological changes among the experimental groups was not marked.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2000

진해만의 중금속 오염도를 평가하기 위해 해저퇴적물, 해수 및 참굴의 중금속 농도를 측정하였다. 해저퇴적물내 카드뮴, 코발트, 구리, 니켈, 납, 아연의 농도범위는 0.1∼2.4, 12.6∼14.4, 25.3∼92.3, 32. 4∼93.5, 24.1∼81.2, 124∼477 ㎍/g 으로 나타났다. 인간의 산업활동과 관련된 카드뮴, 구리, 납, 아연의 농도는 마산 내만에서 높게 나타났다. 해수내의 용존성 카드뮴, 코발트, 구리, 니켈, 납, 아연의 농도범위는 ＜0.010∼0.043, 0.008∼0.120,0.31∼0.90,0.25∼3.10, 0.010∼0.142,0.27∼9.04 ㎍/L로 나타났다. 해수의 카드뮴, 구리, 납, 아연의 농도도 퇴적물에서처럼 마산 내만에서 높게 나타났으므로 마산만이 진해만의 주오염원임을 알 수 있었다. 참굴의 아연, 구리, 카드뮴, 납, 코발트, 니켈 둥의 생물농축계수(BCF)는 647373, 280861, 145069, 44559, 13524, 2745 순으로 나타났으며, 다른 이매패류에 비해 강한 중금속 축적종으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.894-899
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• 2001

건강한 16세 여고생 8명에게 한국인 권장량 수준인 800mg의 칼슘을 함유한 정상칼슘식사를 1주간 섭취시키고, 그 다음 주에 1200mg Ca을 함유한 고칼슘식사를 제공하였다. 이대 정상칼슘식사에서는 6.57mg의 아연과 910$\mu\textrm{g}$의 구리를 평균적으로 함유하였다. 해당 식사를 제공하고 4일째부터 3일간 뇨와 대변을 매일 수집하였으며 음식과 뇨, 변 중 구리와 아연 함량을 정량분석하여 외견적 흡수율 및 체내 보유량을 계산하였다. 구리 및 아연의 평형대사 실험을 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 아연의 대사평형을 보면, 고칼슘식사 섭취시의 뇨와 대변 중 아연 배설량은 정상칼슘식사시에 비해 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 아연의 체내 보유량은 고칼슘식사 섭취시 유의적으로 감소하였다.(p<0.05). 구리의 대사평형을 보면, 고칼슘식사 섭취시 대변을 통한 구리 배설량은 19.2$\mu\textrm{g}$으로 정상칼슘식사시의 11.4$\mu\textrm{g}$에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 따라서 외견적 흡수율은 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 소변을 통한 구리의 배설은 거의 나타나지 않았다. 또한 구리의 체내 보유량은 고칼슘식사시에 792$\mu\textrm{g}$으로 정상칼슘식사시의 899$\mu\textrm{g}$에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다 (p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해볼때 1200mg의 칼슘식사를 섭취하면 청소년기 여성에게서 구리와 아연의 외견적 흡수율이 감소하고, 대변을 통한 배설이 증가하며, 체내보유량은 유의적으로 감소하는 등 대사에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 칼슈의 다량 섭취는 미량원소의 대사에 크게 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 필요한 미량원소의 경우 장에서 흡수시에 무기질간의 경쟁을 고려하여 적절한 양을 섭취하도록 권장량 설정에서 고려해야 할 것이다., P<0.05, p<0.05) 고알코올군에서 하루에 한번 이상 섭취한다는 비율이 비알코올군이나 알코올군보다 높았다. 그밖에 쌀밥, 보리, 두부, 당근 등 12가지 식품이나 식품군의 섭취빈도는 세군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 영양소 섭취상태에서 열량 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 알코올 군과 고알코올군이 비알코올보다 낮았으며(p<0.05), 그밖에 단백질, 칼슘, 철, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_{1}$, 비타민 $B_{2}$, 나이아신 비타민 C 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올을 과량 섭취하는 대학생들에거 나타난 식사 문제점들은 흡연비율, 습관적인 결식 비율, 라면의 섭취 비율이 높은 것이었다. 이들은 자취를 하거나 식사관리를 스스로 하는 비율이 높아 적절한 알코올 섭취교육과 함께 식사 관리지도가 동시에 이루어져야 할 것으로 보여진다.종업원을 대상으로 이러한 측면에 대한 정기적인 위생 교육이 실시되어야 하겠다.geographer Yi-fu Tuan coined the word "topophilia" to indicate love of a place. No other word could better describe the desired urban resort nature of the stadium. From this historical perspective it seems that stadiums have great potential as urban resorts. The factor that will determine their success is the attitude of citizens toward them, in short whether they develop topophilia for them or not. We examined the urban resort nature of Kobe Wing Stadium. Regarding

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1990

Fifteen Landrace pigs were used to determine the effects of supplemental copper or kapok meal, or both on the characteristics of the depot fat. The pigs were allocated into five groups of 3 pigs each. The animals were fed diets as follows: (1) control diet 100%; (2) control diet plus 20 mg/kg copper; (3) control diet plus 200 mg/kg copper; (4) control diet plus 3% kapok meal; (5) control diet plus 200 mg/kg copper and 3% kapok meal. In addition, 100 mg/kg iron and 100 mg/kg zinc were supplemented to all the diets. The pigs were slaughtered at the same time after 8 weeks of feeding period at an average weight of 98.6 kg. The supplementation of 20 or 200 mg/kg dietary copper did not affect the fatty acid compositions, the iodine numbers, the melting points or the copper contents of the inner and outer layers of backfat and the perirenal fat from pigs. Supplementation of kapok meal significantly elevated the melting point, the content of C18:0 and the ratio of C18:0/C18:1 of the porcine fats and decreased the content of C16:1. There was no interaction noted between copper and kapok meal on the porcine fat characteristics. These results indicate that the swine diet supplemented up to 200 mg/kg copper with zinc and iron can be used in growing-finishing swine diets without affecting either porcine fat characteristics or hardening effect of kapok meal on porcine fat.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2024

Purpose: Although the 24-hours urinary copper excretion is useful for the diagnosis of Wilson disease (WD), there are practical difficulties in the accurate and timed collection of urine samples. The purpose of this study was to verify if the spot morning urinary Copper/Zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio could be used as a replacement parameter of 24-hours urinary copper excretion in the diagnosis of WD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from June 2019 to May 2021 on 67 children over three years of age who presented with liver disease. Twenty-seven children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for WD were categorized into the test group, and the remaining forty children were considered to have non-Wilsonian liver disease and were categorized into the control group. Along with other laboratory investigations, spot morning urinary samples were estimated for the urinary Cu/Zn ratio in all patients and were compared to the 24-hour urinary copper excretion. The diagnostic value of the Cu/Zn ratio was then analyzed. Results: Correlation of spot morning urinary Cu/Zn ratio with 24-hours urinary copper excretion was found to be significant (r=0.60). The area under ROC curve with 95% confidence interval of morning urinary Cu/Zn ratio measured using 24-hours urine sample was 0.84 (standard error, 0.05; p<0.001). Conclusion: Spot morning urinary Cu/Zn ratio seems to be a promising parameter for the replacement of 24-hours urinary copper excretion in the diagnosis of WD.