• Carbon letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.280-284
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• 2007

Samples of active carbon of $1150\;m^2/g$ surface area were impregnated with ammoniacal salts of copper, chromium and silver, with and without triethylenediamine. The samples of impregnated carbon were aged at $50^{\circ}C$, with and without 90% RH (relative humidity), for a little more than one year and chemically evaluated periodically. Initially copper (II) and chromium (VI) reduced very fast in the samples in humid atmosphere to the extent of 30% and 60% respectively in four months. These values were found to be unaffected by the presence of triethylenediamine (TEDA) indicating that the chemical did not retard the reduction process of chromium (VI) and copper (II). However, in the absence of humidity the reduction of the impregnants was significantly less (10-12%, w/w) in four months. It was quite evident; therefore, that the moisture was mainly responsible for the reduction of chromium (VI) and copper (II) species in impregnated carbons. The prolonged ageing of the samples with and without triethylenediamme after four months with and without humid atmosphere showed that the extent of reduction of chromium (VI) was very low, i.e. 5-10% and of copper (II) was 2-25%. Silver is not reduced due to carbon, as it remained unchanged in concentration on storage. The impregnated carbon samples (100 g) without triethylenediamine, which were aged at room temperature for 5 years in absence of humidity and unaged when evaluated against cyanogen chloride (CNCl) at a concentration of 4 mg/L and airflow rate of 30 lpm showed a high degree of protection (80- 110 minutes).

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.384-388
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• 2006

The adsorption ability of polar and toxic substance was greatly enhanced by treating activated carbon with acid solution and impregnating iron, copper, or silver by using in 0.1 M $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O,\;CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O,\;AgNO_3$ 300 mL per activated carbon 50 g. Physical and chemical properties of the metal impregnated activated carbons were measured using specific surface area, pore volume and size distribution, scanning eletron microscope(SEM), adsorption isotherm. When activated carbon was treated with acid, the quantity of impregnated metal increased about 1.3 times since the micropores were converted to mesopores or macropores. Both the physical absorption by micropores and chemical absorption by metal ions could be achieved simultaneously with the metal impregnated activated carbon because the capacity of micro pores did not change even after metal ions were impregnated.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.855-859
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• 2023

Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a precursor in which industrial starch was impregnated with an aqueous solution of copper (II) nitrate trihydrate. The microstructure of the precursor impregnated with an aqueous solution of copper nitrate trihydrate was confirmed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the particle size and the crystal structure of the copper oxide particles produced as the temperature of the heat treatment of the precursor increased was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the temperature at which the organic matter of the precursor is completely thermally decomposed is 450-490℃, and that the size and crystallinity of the copper oxide particles increased as the heat treatment temperature increased. The size of the copper oxide particles obtained through heat treatment at 500-800℃ during 1 hour was 100nm~2㎛. It was confirmed that the copper oxide crystalline phase is formed at a heat treatment temperature of 400℃, and only the copper oxide single phase existed up to 800℃. And it was also confirmed that the size of particles produced increased as the calcination temperature increased.

• Carbon letters
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.180-185
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• 2004

Thermolysis of $Cu(NO_3)_2{\cdot}3H_2O$ impregnated activated carbon fiber (ACF) was studied by means of XRD analysis to obtain Cu-impregnated ACF. $Cu(NO_3)_2{\cdot}3H_2O$ was converted into $Cu_2O$ around $230^{\circ}C$. The $Cu_2O$ was reduced to Cu at $400^{\circ}C$, resulting in ACF-C(Cu). Some Cu particles have a tendency to aggregate through the heat treatment, resulting in the ununiform distribution in ACF. Catalytic decomposition of NO gas has been performed by Cu-impregnated ACF in a column reactor at $400^{\circ}C$. Initial NO concentration was 1300 ppm diluted in helium gas. NO gas was effectively decomposed by 5~10 wt% Cu-impregnated ACF at $400^{\circ}C$. The concentration of NO was maintained less than 200 ppm for 6 hours in this system. The ACF-C(Cu) deoxidized NO to $N_2$ and was reduced to ACF-$C(Cu_2O)$ in the initial stage. The ACF-$C(Cu_2O)$ also deoxidized NO to $N_2$ and reduced to ACF-C(CuO). This ACF-C(CuO) was converted again into ACF-C(Cu) by heating. There was no consumption of ACF in mass during thermolysis and catalytic decomposition of NO to $N_2$ by copper. The catalytic decomposition was accelerated with increase of the reaction temperature.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.50-55
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• 2010

In order to investigate tribological effects of nano copper particles impregnated(CuN) on surface polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) on sealing wear and an experimental study was carried out to determine the wear behavior of copper nano-particles impregnation two kind thickness in super critical $CO_2$ liquid. Experimental results showed that the friction coefficients of CuN PTFE at the low sliding speed(0.44m/s) and the oil temperature ($60^{\circ}C$) were higher than that of virgin PTFE. And a thin nano copper particles impreganated thickness was formed on the surface in the PTFE and the specimen with this treatment has much better friction properties than the original one. Fortunately, at the high load(80 N) and the oil temperature, the friction coefficient of CuN PTFE was lower than that of virgin PTFE. This evidenced the load carrying capacity of CuN PTFE was much better than that of virgin PTFE under the high load condition(80 N) specially. Therefore, it can be concluded that the friction coefficient variation of CuN PTFE is very small but its wear rate decreases greatly with increase in sliding speed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.178-182
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to remove the bromate that is a disinfection by-poduct of water purification by ozone. I achieved a high rate of removal with iron, copper, or silver impregnated activated carbon by using both the adsorbing power of granular activated carbon and the oxidizing power of metal ions as deoxidizing agents. In the removal test of bromate with the quantity of activated carbon input I injected each activated carbon by 0.1, 0.3, 0.1, and 1.0 g and let them react for 240 minutes. I found the quantity of removed bromate was in proportion to the amount of input. The removal rate of bromate increased about 20% when I used acid treated activated carbon. The metal impregnated activated carbon had a higher removal rate of bromate than that of general activated carbon by about $30{\sim}50%$. Iron impregnated activated carbon showed a 92% removal rate of bromate. Iron, copper, or silver impregnated activated carbon removed about $0.9{\sim}1.5mg\;{BrO_3}^-/g$ while general activated carbon removed about $0.02{\sim}0.45mg\;{BrO_3}^-/g$. In the continuous column reaction, there were breakthrough phenomena at 96, 180, and 252 hours when I tested EBCT by 1, 2 and 3 minutes while I was changing the flux rate of bromate from 15.6 to 46.8 mL/min.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.144-149
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• 2016

The metal-impregnated activated carbon was produced from bamboo activated carbon by soaking method of metal nitrate solution. The carbonization and activation of raw material was conducted at $900^{\circ}C$. The specific surface area and pore size distribution of the prepared activated carbons were measured. Also, NO and activated carbon reaction were conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer in order to use as de-NOx agents of used activated carbon. Carbon-NO reactions were carried out with respect to reaction temperature ($20^{\circ}C{\sim}850^{\circ}C$) and NO gas partial pressure (0.1 kPa~1.8 kPa). As results, the specific volume and surface area of bamboo activated carbon impregnated with copper were decreased with increasing Cu amounts of activated carbon. In NO reaction, the reaction rate of Cu impregnated bamboo activated carbon[BA(Cu)] was promoted to compare with that of bamboo activated carbon[BA]. But the reaction rate of Ag impregnated bamboo activated carbon[BA(Ag)] was retarded. Measured reaction orders of NO concentration and activation energy were 0.63[BA], 0.92[BA(Cu)], and 80.5 kJ/mol[BA], 48.5 kJ/mol[BA(Cu)], 66.4 kJ/mol[BA(Ag)], respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2023

Fixed-bed reactor Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of methanol steam reforming reaction was performed using the intrinsic kinetic data of the copper-impregnated hydrotalcite catalyst. The activation energy of the copper hydrotalcite catalyst obtained from the previous study results was 97.4 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential was 5.904 × 10¹⁰. Process simulation was performed using the calculated values and showed a similar tendency to the experimental results. And the conversion rate according to the change of the reaction temperature (200 - 450 ℃) and the molar ratio of methanol and water was observed using the intrinsic kinetic data. In addition, mass and heat transfer phenomena analysis of a commercial reactor (I.D. 0.05 - 0.1m, Length 1m) was predicted through axial 2D Symmetry simulation using the power law model of the above kinetic constants.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.92-98
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• 1997

To make good use of chitosan forming complex with heavy metals in wood preservative treatment, woods impregnated with chitosan and copper sulfate were prepared. Amounts of leached copper, decay resistance, anti-mold efficacy, iron corrosion rates, moisture regain rates and degradation pattern in chitosan pre-treated and untreated wood were compared. After leaching test, amounts of leached copper from chitosan pre-treated wood had a much smaller than chitosan untreated wood, and good decay resistance was retained even after leaching test. From these results, it was proved that chitosan-copper complex formed in wood played and important role for decay durability. In chitosan pre-treated wood, damage values by test molds became remarkably smaller, but the growth of test molds was not perfectly inhibited. Distinct differences in iron corrosion rates between chitosan pre-treated and untreated woods was not recognized but chitosan pre-treated wood showed the lower moisture regain rates than chitosan untreated wood because of water insoluble chitosan membrane formed in wood. After leaching test, the tracheid walls in the wood treated with 2.0% copper sulfate only were eroded by the fungal attacks, but those in the wood pre-treated with chitosan remained almost intact.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 2004

A catalyst with CuO ceramic filter for simultaneous treatment of dust and HAP was prepared and characterized. Catalytic ceramic filter can not only potentially achieve the substantial savings in energy but provide with effective optimization and integration of process for simultaneous removal of SO$_2$, NO$_{x}$ and particulates from flue gases. Catalytic ceramic filters remove simultaneously particulates on exterior surface of filters and reduce NO to $N_2$ and $H_2O$ by SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) process. Preparation of catalyst impregnated ceramic filter with disk shape (Ψ 50) follow the processing of alumino-silicate ceramic filter, support impregnation and catalyst impregnation (copper oxide). Preparation routes of alumino-silicate catalyst carrier suitable for production of catalytic filters practically were studied and developed using the sol-gel and colloidal processing, homogeneous precipitation and impregnation method. Characterization of the catalyst, catalyst carrier catalytic filter materials have been performed the using various techniques such as BET, XRD, TGA, SEM. Combination of the sol-gel and colloidal processing and impregnation method is recommended to prepare catalyst carriers economically for catalytic filter applications.s.