• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1979

한국(韓國) 식품가공(食品加工)에 상용(常用)하고 있는 식품첨가물중(食品添加物中)의 유해금속원소(有害金屬元素)의 함량(含量)을 조사검토(調査檢討)하기 위(爲)하여 착향과(着香料) 7종(種), 착색과(着色料)3종(種), 산미과(酸味料)4종(種), 팽장제(膨腸劑)4종(種), 유화제(乳化劑)(2종(種)), 호료(糊料)2종(種), 항산화제(抗酸化劑)2종(種), 강화제(强化劑)2종(種), 조미료(調味料(3종(種)), 식품품질개량제(食品品質改良劑)(10종(種)의 유해금속(有害金屬)을 APDC-MIBK추출법(抽出法)으로 측정(測定)한 결과(結果) 대부분(大部分)의 식품첨가물(食品添加物)은 유해금속(有害金屬을) 비교적(比較的) 적게 함유(含有)하고 있었으나 sodium, carbonate, 식용황색색(食用叢色色), 5호(號), 식용청색색소(食用靑色色素) 1호(號), 식용적색색소(食用赤色色素) 2호(號) 및 면류첨가알카리제는 다소(多少) 다량(多量)으로 함유(含有)하고 있다. 이들 식품첨가물(食品添加物의) 유해금속(有害金雇)의 함량(含量)은 다음과 같다. 1) sodium carbonate Cd: 16.77 $16.77{\mu}g/g.$ Pb: $61.55{\mu}g/g$이었다. 2) 식용황색색소(食用黃色色素) 5호(號)는 Cd: $1.67{\mu}g/g$, Pb: $23.46{\mu}g/g$이었다. 3) 식용청색색소(食用靑色色素) 1호(號)는 Cd: $1.16{\mu}g/g$, Pb: $12.13{\mu}g/g$이었다. 4) 식용적색색소(食用赤色色素) 2호(號)는 Cd: $1.91{\mu}g/g$, Pb: $23.08{\mu}g/g$이었다. 5) 면류 첨가(添加)알카리제는 Cd: $6.11{\mu}g/g$, Pb: $53.85{\mu}g/g$ 이었다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권28호
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• pp.121-147
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• 2007

A large variety of mineral pigments has been used for Korean paintings and it has known that organic pigments have been used together on the Buddhist painting and the portrait. Haehakbando-do, which is from Honolulu Academy Museum in the United States, 12-fold screen was commissioned by Court of the late Joseon Dynasty in order to pray for the King's longevity. Therefore, it seems that all material used including pigments were selected very carefully and a great deal of technical effort was gone into its process. The purposes of this research were to estimate the pigments and the contributory elements of each color used on Haehakbando-do, in accordance with the conservation treatment carried out by Gochang Conservation Institute throughout last year. Without extracting sample, property of pigment was measured by nondestructive method, X-ray spectral analysis, and by comparing with the data about ancient pigments. In spite of the limited range of pigment analysis by nondestructive method, it should be noted that this method would not cause damage to the cultural properites. White pigment was found in all colored parts except the background, so it can be suggested that white color was used as a grounding of other color pigments. This would be flake white[$2PbCO_3{\cdot}Pb(OH)_2$] as Pb was found. Pb was the only element could be found in yellow, however, it can be organic pigment like Gamboge as same as background. Red would be Cinnabar (HgS) as hydrargyrum (Hg) was detected. For the light purple in cloud, organic pigments were probably used since any element is not detected except for Pb, which is used for background. It is possible that green color is the mixture of Malachite[$CuCO_3{\cdot}Cu(OH)_2$] and Azurite [$2CuCO_3{\cdot}Cu(OH)_2$], which share Cu as their main element. Azurite[$2CuCO_3{\cdot}Cu(OH)_2$] was used for bluish pigments. Black is carbon compound. For gold, solid gold (Au) was detected. It shows that gold was gilded on the flake white background. Red painted on the frame of screen was identified as Cinnabar (HgS) and the gold pattern was solid gold (Au). The supporting leg of folding screen was made of brass because both copper and zinc were detected. In conclusion, white pigment was used as grounding of all colors of Haehakbando-do, and specific pigments were used for each color. Additionally, result from the analysis of several pigments shows that mineral pigment and organic pigment, or different mineral pigments were mixed to make various colors.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.209-223
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate nutrition characteristics of the following major commercially available dried fish (MCDF) in South Korea: plain-dried fish [nogari (PD-N), Alaska pollock (PD-AP), red tongue sole (PD-RTS), and young tidepool gunnel (PD-YTG)], salt-dried fish [(yellow corvina (SD-YC) and red tilefish (SD-RT)], four types of boiled-dried anchovy of different sizes (BD-As), and freeze-dried fish [Pacific saury (FD-PS), Alaska pollock (FD-AP), and Katsuobushi]. The energy content of the MCDF ranged from 103.0 to 420.5 kcal per 100 g. The MCDF in nutritional and functional properties of minerals were SD-RT and Katsuobushi in calcium; none in phosphorus, sodium, or zinc; Katsuobushi in potassium and magnesium; PD-AP, SD-YC, and SD-RT in iron, PD-AP, PD-RTS, SD-YC, and SD-RT in copper; and PD-N, PD-AP, PD-RTS, SD-YC, SD-RT, FD-PS, FD-AP and Katsuobushi in manganese. The total amino acid content of the MCDF ranged from 15.85 to 71.96 g per 100 g; the major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, and leucine. The fatty acid content of the MCDF ranged from 0.81 to 2.93 g per 100 g. The MCFSP expected in nutritional and functional properties of vitamins were PD-N, PD-RTS, FD-PS, FD-AP, and Katsuobushi in riboflavin; PD-N, PD-AP, PD-YTG, BD-As, FD-PS, FD-AP, and Katsuobushi in niacin; PD-N, PD-RTS, SD-YC, and BD-As in vitamin A; and PD-AP, PD-YTG, SD-YC, and FD-AP in vitamin E.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 1998

This study has it's purpose in examining the materialized background. characteristic of African traditional costume and the A fro fashion of the year 1960. and it's influence on the contemporary fashion. Then the findings are applied to suggest a new way of image creation. 1960' s was the year in which people tried to free oneself from the ruling culture of the social standards. war. and the development of science. By such movement. people started to get interested in the environment and ecology. This then lead to the interest of the rights of the minority. With the youngs as the central figure A fro hair style and dashiki appeared as the street fashion. The characteristics of African costume applied to A fro fashion in 1990' s is as below. First. the North African style. Djellaba. and wrap style in the most common silhouette. Second. heavy materials such as stone. copper. silver. and gold are used. Necklace can be classified according to it's simple but. modern style. delicate but grand style. Bracelets are however. broad in width and many rings are worn widely. Third. Multi colored stripe and prints inspired by tattoo and deformation using red brown. dark beige. and orange are printed on textiles such as see through. Fourth. image of tattoo and deformation are applied to make-up. A fro hair and corn beads are also African taste. Fifth. African taste in recent fashion showed off the black beauty by appointing black models at the collection. In analyzing the study done above. characteristic images of African costume. accessaries and body painting was applied in presenting 3 creative designs. The first design named "Geometric I", took it's motif from the geometric pattern of the body painting with the afro hair. "Geometric II", the second design, showed it's application of geometric pattern of mutilation and the silhouette of the costume by using the see through. The third design called the "Geometric III" showed that the aesthetic and decorative side of clothing can be satisfied by applying various form and color of accessaries as the motif. A fro fashion is chosen as one of the folklore mood and it's beauty is conveyed on till today.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2010

무령왕릉 출토 목관재 6점의 칠도막 편에 대하여 광학 현미경 관찰, 적외선 분광분석 및 SEM-EDS 분석을 실시하였다. 목관재에 도장된 옻칠 기법은 크게 네 가지 방법으로 분류되었다. 목재 표면에 그을음(미립자의 흑색 안료)을 혼합한 흑색 안료층이 밑층으로 존재하면서 그 위로 칠이 1회(그룹 II) 도장된 것과 3회(그룹 I) 도장된 것, 흑색 안료층이 존재하지 않으면서 칠 도장이 1회(그룹 IV)와 2회(그룹 III) 되어있는 것으로 분류되었다. 이는 목관의 제작기법과 부재의 결구 방법을 밝히는데 좋은 정보가 될 것으로 생각된다. 적외선 분광분석을 통해 무령왕릉 칠도막은 자외선에 의한 열화 요인이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 이동이 어려운 목관의 크기와 무덤이라는 매장 환경 등에 기인한 결과로 보인다. 또한 SEM-EDS 분석결과 현재까지 고대 칠분석에서 보고된 바 없는 Ca, Fe, Cu의 성분이 확인되어 의미가 있다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2014

미래형 유연소자 개발 시 비용감소 및 공정적합성 개선을 위해 동박을 잉크젯 프린팅법을 이용해 공중합체 유연기판 상 형성하고, 전기적 특성에 열처리 분위기가 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 3 종류의 환원분위기에서 열처리를 진행하여 보았다. 그 결과 200도의 낮은 온도에서 환원 특성이 뛰어난 포름산 분위기에서 전도체 수준의 비저항은 얻을 수 있었으나, 열처리 시 발생하는 응력으로 인해 발생된 표면균열에 기인해 그 값이 기존 동박에 비해 매우 높았다. 이에 비정질재료에서 응용되는 응력해소법을 응용하여 표면균열을 억제한 결과 230도 열처리 시 기존 열처리 방법에서는 $7.4{\mu}{\Omega}cm$의 비저항을 보이나, 응력해소를 통한 표면 균열이 억제된 시편에서는 $3.4{\mu}{\Omega}cm$의 비저항 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 특히 등온열처리에 의한 응력해소 효과를 확인하기 위해 동일 온도에서 등온시간 없이 열처리를 진행한 결과, 표면균열이 억제되지 못함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2012

In this study, multiparametric flow cytometry (FCM) was installed to enumerate the diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 and Escherichia coli K12 (IFO 3301). The nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) were double stained by a LIVE/DEAD bacLight viability kit, involving green SYTO 9 and red propidium iodide (PI), based on the permeability of two chemicals according to the integrity of plasma membrane. As the results showed, the gate for dead bacteria was defined as the range of $0.2{\times}10^0$ to $6.0{\times}10^1$ photo multiplier tube (PMT) 2 fluorescence (X-axis) and $2.0{\times}10^0$ to $2.0{\times}10^2$ PMT 4 fluorescence (Y-axis), and the gate for live bacteria was defined as the range of $6.0{\times}10^0$ to $6.0{\times}10^2$ PMT 2 fluorescence (X-axis) and $2.0{\times}10^0$ to $4.0{\times}10^2$ PMT 4 fluorescence (Y-axis). In the comparison of the number of the tested bacteria detected by FCM (viability assessment) and plate culture (cultivability assessment), the number of bacteria detected by FCM well represented the number of bacteria that was detected by the colony forming unit (CFU) counting method when bacteria were exposed to isopropyl alcohol and silver/copper cations. Consequently, it is concluded that the application of FCM to monitor the functional effect of disinfectants on the physiological status of target bacteria can offer more rapid and reliable data than the plate culture colony counting method.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.282-286
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• 1996

어류껍질 젤라틴의 수식에 의한 유화성 및 유화안정성과 같은 기능성을 개선하여 적색육어류 연제품의 품질개선제로 이용할 목적으로 붕장어껍질 젤라틴의 succinylation을 시도하였다. Succinylation의 정도는 젤라틴에 대하여 첨가하는 succinic anhydride의 비율 0.3까지는 첨가량에 따라 증가하였으나, 그 이상의 농도에서는 거의 변화가 없었다. 유지흡수성, 유화성 및 유화안정성은 무수식 젤라틴이 각각 1.8ml/g, 55% 및 49%이었고, 수식에 의해 개선되어 succinylation 정도가 89.9%일 때 이들의 값이 각각 5.8ml/g, 84% 및 78%이었고, 그 이상의 농도에서는 거의 변화가 없거나 서서히 감소하였다. 또한 용해도의 경우 40%, 보수력의 경우 50%, 거품성 및 거품안정성의 경우 0.4 및 0.3정도 개선되었다. 수식 젤라틴은 무수식 젤라틴에 비하여 아미노산조성의 경우 거의 차이가 없었고, 중금속함량은 오히려 낮았다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

In this study, the proximate composition of Pyropia dentata was compared by the analysis of minerals and amino acids that were produced at Seocheon, Chungcheongnam-do and at Wando and Jangheung, Jeollanam-do. Moisture, ash and crude proteins were analyzed using the AOAC method, and crude lipid was analyzed using the Soxhlet method, and inorganic analysis was performed using ICP-OES. Amino acid was used for the amino acid analyzer. The proximate composition analysis, moisture content, maximum values were displayed in Wando while the maximum content of ash appeared at Jangheung's Pyropia. Crude proteins was appeared at Seocheon's Pyropia and the maximum amount of crude lipid, carbohydrate was appeared in Wando's Pyropia. Inorganic analysis, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, zinc were analyzed from the Seocheon's Pyropia, however, cobalt, chromium, and nickel was not detected in Wando's Pyropia. For amino acid analysis, a total of 17 amino acids were detected: leucine, valine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and the amount of alanine accounted for about 57 % of total amino acids(26.1-28.7 %). The proximate composition, minerals, and amino acid of Pyropia dentata were different depending on the coastal ecological habitats.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2017

디자인의 기본 요소인 선을 활용하여 금속조형물을 시각적으로 완성하기 위해 시작된 본 연구는 선의 다양한 특징과 개념을 살펴보고 선행된 연구 중에서, 선을 중심으로 진행된 작품연구들을 통해 선의 조형적 아름다움을 알아보았다. 그 결과 선의 조형적 해석은 크게 선의 굵기와 선의 장단에 의한 의도적 표현으로 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. 선행 연구들을 바탕으로 연구자는 기존의 선의 조형적 표현에서 벗어나 시각적으로 자유로우면서도 미적 아름다움을 함께 느낄 수 있는 금속조형물을 얻기 위해 적동판과 인청동선 용접을 활용하여 선의 변형과 반복으로 하나의 패턴을 완성하고 이를 통해 작품으로 연계하였다. 그 결과 선의 면적인 표현은 물론 전체적 형태의 입체감과 속도감, 통일감을 함께 느낄 수 있었다. 앞으로도 선의 조형적 해석은 더 많이 연구되어야 할 것이며, 더 나아가 선의 표현을 통한 감성적, 내재적 아름다움에 대한 다양한 연구가 계속 되어야 할 것이다.