• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.75-93
• /
• 2022

Machine learning (ML) data-driven meta-model is proposed as a surrogate model to reduce the excessive computational cost of the physics-based model and facilitate the real-time prediction of a nuclear power plant's transient response. To forecast the transient response three machine learning (ML) meta-models based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs); specifically, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and a sequence combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and LSTM are developed. The chosen accident scenario is a control element assembly withdrawal at power concurrent with the Loss Of Offsite Power (LOOP). The transient response was obtained using the best estimate thermal hydraulics code, MARS-KS, and cross-validated against the Design and control document (DCD). DAKOTA software is loosely coupled with MARS-KS code via a python interface to perform the Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty Quantification (BEPU) analysis and generate a time series database of the system response to train, test and validate the ML meta-models. Key uncertain parameters identified as required by the CASU methodology were propagated using the non-parametric Monte-Carlo (MC) random propagation and Latin Hypercube Sampling technique until a statistically significant database (181 samples) as required by Wilk's fifth order is achieved with 95% probability and 95% confidence level. The three ML RNN models were built and optimized with the help of the Talos tool and demonstrated excellent performance in forecasting the most probable NPP transient response. This research was guided by the Systems Engineering (SE) approach for the systematic and efficient planning and execution of the research.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2004

A simple stopping criterion for iterative decoding based on min-sum processing is presented. While most stopping criteria suggested in the literature, are based on Cross Entropy (CE) and its simplification, the proposed stopping criterion is to check if a decoded sequence is a valid codeword along the encoder trellis structure. This new stopping criterion requires less computational complexity and saves mem4)ry compared to the conventional stopping rules. The numerical results are presented on the 3GPP turbo code and a Serially Concatenated Convolutional Cods (SCCC).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.296-299
• /
• 2003

In this paper, an underwater acoustic digital transceiver is designed and implemented by a multiple DSPs system. We have designed a QPSK transmitter based on look-up table and 13-symbols Barker code is used for frame synchronization. Channel distortions are compensated by a wide-band beamformer based on FIR filter and an adaptive equalize. with RLS algorithm. Uniform linear array (ULA) with four elements is used for the spartial signal processing. 1/2 convolutional code and Viterbi decoder are implemented to overcome time-varying multi-path fading. Also, we show experimental results in the underwater anechoic basin at KRISO/KORDl and Goseong, Donghae and Soyang lake of Kangwon-do.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.3-38
• /
• 1996

The mobile station shall convolutionally encode the data transmitted on the reverse traffic channel and the access channel prior to interleaving. Code symbols output from the convolutional encoder are repeated before being interleaved except the 9600 bps data rate. All the symbols are then interleaved, 64-ary orthogonal modulation, direct-sequence spreading, quadrature spreading, baseband filtering and QPSK transmission. The sync, paging, and forward traffic channel except the pilot channel in the forward CDMA channel are convolutionally encoded, block interleaved, spread with Walsh function at a fixed chip rate of 1.2288 Mcps to provide orthogonal channelization among all code channels. Following the spreading operation, the I and Q impulses are applied to respective baseband filters. After that, these impulses shall be transmitted by QPSK. Authentication in the CDMA system is the process for confirming the identity of the mobile station by exchanging information between a mobile station and the base station. The authentication scheme is to generate a 18-bit hash code from the 152-bit message length appended with 24-bit or 40-bit padding. Several techniques are proposed for the authentication data computation in this paper. To protect sensitive subscriber information, it shall be required enciphering ceratin fields of selected traffic channel signaling messages. The message encryption can be accomplished in two ways, i.e., external encryption and internal encryption.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.585-591
• /
• 2020

The adaptive transmission techniques are efficient method for underwater acoustic communication to improve the system efficiency by varying transmission parameters according to channel conditions. In this paper, we construct four transmission modes with different data rates using the convolutional codes, which is freely set to size of information bits. On the receiver side, one critical component of adaptive system is to find which mode has best performance. In this paper, we proposed threshold detection algorithm to decide appropriate mode and applied turbo equalization method based on BCJR decoder in order to improve performance. We analyzed the performance of four modes based on threshold detection algorithm through the lake experiment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we verify the performance of LDPC coded OFDM/DS system by Monte-Carlo simulation of BER on Eb/No. The simulation results show that LDPC coded OFDM/DS has a strong anti-jamming characteristic over pulse-noise jammer and partial-band noise jammer. The performance of LDPC coded OFDM/DS system is evaluated on both faded waveforms and non-faded waveforms. For non-faded waveforms, high coding gain is attained due to LDPC, even when waveforms have short PN sequence and JSR is only 5dB. Especially, the increase in the repeated number of LDPC decoding enhances coding gain. However, faded waveforms cannot achieve sufficient average effect when PN sequence is short. High coding gain of faded waveforms can be achieved by extending length of PN sequence. In addition, we compare LDPC coded OFDM/DS system with Convolutional coded OFDM/DS system. The simulation results illustrate that when LDPC coded OFDM/DS system with short PN sequence has sufficient average effects, the system shows lower BER than Convolutional coded OFDM/DS system with long PN sequence.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.5A
• /
• pp.492-501
• /
• 2004

The performance of mobile communication systems depends on the state of the time-varying multi-path fading channel. To effectively prevent the corruption of video stream and its propagation in spatial and temporal domain, proactive error controls are widely being deployed. Among possible candidates, the rate compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) code has been widely used for multimedia data, since its rate can be determined flexibly. In this paper, the adaptive channel estimation and the adaptive error correction techniques over the time-varying mobile channel have been proposed. Extensive computer simulations show that the proposed techniques yield the superior performance than the fixed rate system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.3A
• /
• pp.337-346
• /
• 2004

Punctured convolutional codes increase transmission efficiency without increasing hardware complexity. However, Viterbi decoder supporting punctured codes requires long decoding length and large survivor memory to achieve sifficiently low bit error rate (BER), when compared to the Viterbi decoder for a rate 1/2 convolutional code. This Paper presents novel architecture adopting a pipelined trace-forward unit reducing survivor memory requirements in the Viterbi decoder. The proposed survivor path architecture reduces the memory requirements by removing the initial decoding delay needed to perform trace-back operation and by accelerating the trace-forward process to identify the survivor path in the Viterbi decoder. Experimental results show that the area of survivor path unit has been reduced by 16％ compared to that of conventional hybrid survivor path unit.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.1689-1703
• /
• 2020

When data is transmitted over an unreliable channel, the error of the data packet may result in serious degradation. The multiple description coding (MDC) can solve this problem and save transmission costs. In this paper, we propose a deep multiple description coding network (MDCN) to realize efficient image compression. Firstly, our network framework is based on convolutional auto-encoder (CAE), which include multiple description encoder network (MDEN) and multiple description decoder network (MDDN). Secondly, in order to obtain high-quality reconstructed images at low bit rates, the encoding network and decoding network are integrated into an end-to-end compression framework. Thirdly, the multiple description decoder network includes side decoder network and central decoder network. When the decoder receives only one of the two multiple description code streams, side decoder network is used to obtain side reconstructed image of acceptable quality. When two descriptions are received, the high quality reconstructed image is obtained. In addition, instead of quantization with additive uniform noise, and SSIM loss and distance loss combine to train multiple description encoder networks to ensure that they can share structural information. Experimental results show that the proposed framework performs better than traditional multiple description coding methods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.258-264
• /
• 2004

WLAN technologies enable high-speed data transmission in a small space with relatively low cost and power. There are two main standardizations regarding WLAN; namely, IEEE802.11a and ETSI BRAN. Two standards use a radio frequency of 5 ㎓ band and employs OFDM as a transmission mode. OFDM is known to provide high-frequency efficiency as well as high-speed data transmission. In this paper, We use SPW simulation tool and implement the HIPERLAN/2 system. Based on the HIPERLAN/2 system in the SPW platform, the system performance is analyzed and compared with turbo codes in place of a convolutional coder of the HIPERLAN/2 WLAN system. The simulation results show that the performance with the turbo codes (rate 1/3 and 1/4) at a data rate of 12 Mbps shows 3 ㏈ gain over the system with the convolutional codes. At a data rate of 36 Mbps, the performance with the turbo codes is further improved by approximately 4 ㏈.