• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.779-787
• /
• 2023

Previous research regarding budget analysis has been mostly limited to describing annual changes in defense budgets relative to total budgets without a theoretical background. More empirical defense budget research is needed with better data. This study conducts an empirical analysis of national defense expenditures using Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET). The purpose of this study is to examine trends in the Republic of Korea's (ROK) functional defense budgets (total defense budget, force operation budget, force improvement budget) and to identify and analyze radical points of change in the defense budget using punctuated equilibrium theory. This study also explores trends and punctuations in the national defense budgets using annual defense budget data from the ROK for every year from 1998 to 2017. This study finds that from 1998 to 2017 the spending pattern of the total defense budget in the ROK was characterized by 19 years of stable growth and a one-time punctuation (5.0%). The force operation budget exhibited stable growth in eighteen years and was punctuated twice (10%). The force improvement budget was punctuated five times.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.875-883
• /
• 2023

In Korea, the number of preservation and management entities to connect the traditional cultural heritage to next generations is rapidly decreasing. Building an infrastructure to pass on traditional cultural heritage to the next generation and to pay attention to the preservation and management of the next generation is important including the 'Seowon', a World Cultural Heritage listed by UNESCO. This study is based on the laws that regulates the preservation and support of traditional cultural assets and 'Seowon, through Big Data analysis techniques. The main keywords in each law were extracted, schematized, and a mutual Word Network was constructed and policy advice was derived. As policy advice, it is necessary to establish and implement policies to nurture and support businesses specialized in the region for the preservation·utilization, preservation·management and preservation·support of Seowons.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.525-530
• /
• 2024

The need for an environmental monitoring system that obtains and provides environmental information in real time is increasing. In particular, in the case of water quality management in public waters, regular management must be conducted through manual and automatic measurement by law, and air pollution also requires regular measurement and management to reduce fine dust and exhaust gas in connection with the realization of carbon neutrality. In this study, we implemented a system that can measure and monitor water pollution and air pollution information in real time. A hovercraft capable of moving on land and water simultaneously was used as a measurement tool. Water quality measurement and air pollution measurement sensors were installed on the hovercraft body, and a communication module was installed to transmit the information to the monitoring system in real time. The structure of a hovercraft for environmental measurement was designed, and a LoRa module capable of low-power, long-distance communication was applied as a real-time information transmission communication module. The operational performance of the proposed system was confirmed through actual hardware implementation.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.15 no.3_2
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 2015

This study aims at exploring relation of social security network building, civil culture and community unity. To achieve the purpose, this study selected the general citizens in Seoul Region (Gangdong, Gangseo, Gangnam and Gangbuk) from Jul. 15 to Sept. 15, 2014 as population and sampled 400 people using cluster random sampling. Excluding unhonest data, the number of cases used for the final analysis is 337 people. The collected data were analyzed for the study purpose using SPSSWIN 18.0, as statistical techniques, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, path analysis etc. were used. First, social security network building has an effect on civil culture. That is, the more activated voluntary crime prevention activity, the higher order law-abiding spirit. The more activated local government security education, police public order service, the higher awareness of participation becomes. First, social security network building has an effect on civil culture. That is, the more activated voluntary crime prevention activity, the higher order law-abiding spirit. The more activated local government security education, police public order service, the higher awareness of participation becomes. The more activated voluntary crime prevention activity, street CCTV facilities, police public order service, the higher tolerance spirit becomes. On the contrary, street CCTV facilities reduce citizens' autonomy. Second, social security network building has an effect on community unity. The more activated street CCTV facilities, police public order service, crime prevention design, the higher a sense of stability becomes. The more activated local government security education, police public order service, crime prevention design, the higher awareness of community becomes. The more activated voluntary crime prevention activity, government security education, police public order service, crime prevention design, the higher community institution becomes. Third, civil culture has an effect on community unity. That is, the more activated awareness of community, tolerance spirit, the higher a sense of stability, awareness of community and community system become. Fourth, social security network building has an effect on civil culture and community unity. That is, social security network building has a low effect community institution directly, but if civil culture is enhanced through social security network building, then it has a high effect on community unity.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.518-527
• /
• 2014

Our society is changed and diversified rapidly and such tendency is accelerated day after day and has made a lot of problems in the many fields. The important thing we have to recognize is such tendency has a bad effect recently on the safety system in Korea. So it is time to enhance the national safety system and moreover recently Sewol-ho(passenger ship) went down in the sea, it made people remind the importance of national safety system. With this incident, Korean government decided to establish the national safety communication network against the disaster. At this time, I will propose several ideas about the national safety communication network. 1. It must to be established an unified network to contact people who is on a disaster site anytime and anywhere. This is most important element on all disaster sites. 2. PS-LTE technology must to be adopted to the network because it has many advantages including various multimedia services compared to the TETRA in the past. 3. 700MHz is the most efficient band for the network because it has wide cell sites coverage compared to 1.8GHz. 4. Satellite communication system is needed to the network for back-up. 5. It will be effective to adopt Social Media to the communication network system like a Twitter or Facebook for sharing many kinds of information and notifying people of warning message. 6. It can make the network more useful to introduce the latest technology like a sensor network. And Korean government has to improve the system related to the disaster including law and operating organization.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.54 no.3
• /
• pp.68-89
• /
• 2021

In August 1837, a list of wedding gifts was given by Queen Sunwon (1789-1857) to her son-in-law, Namnyeong-wie, Yun Eui-Seon (1823-1887) at the wedding of Princess Deok-on (1822-1844). This Honsubalgi is now kept at the National Hangeul Museum. This text was used in the present study to examine the everyday clothes of the royal son-in-law in the early 19th century. First, the everyday clothes were organized into about 36 types. They were classified as tops, bottoms, hats, accessories, belts, pouches, fans and shoes. Second, the most important clothes were the ordinary formal attire, composed of the namgwangsa dopo and namgwangcho changui. As for the bottoms, the pants, the Chinese hemp leggings, two pairs of socks, the green silk belt, and a pair of light blue ankle ties were identified. Third, as for the head and accessories, there were heukrip, with the gemstone string and silk string, the jeong-ja-gwan and dong-pa-gwan, as well as tang-geon and bok-geon. And there were the sangtu-gwan, three types of donggos, and the mang-geon equipped with okgwanja. On the other hand, the jeong-ja-gwan and dong-pa-gwan are peculiar hats whose status has changed over time since the mid-18th century. The fact that the jeong-ja-gwan and dong-pa-gwan were given to Namnyeong-wie showed that the status of these hats improved in the early reign of King Heonjong. The belt was given with the sejodae that is suitable for the dangsang, the coral plates, and the silk bag containing a flint pouch. Fourth, there were the red-colored sejodae, a ssamji silk pouch for flint and the fan decorated with okseonchu, and shoes, such as unhye and danghye.

• Journal of Legislation Research
• /
• no.41
• /
• pp.401-434
• /
• 2011

The discussion on the adoption of the horizontal regulatory framework is underway to overcome the problems regarding the vertical regulatory framework resulting from a convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications services. Recently, however, the horizontal regulatory framework shows its limitation to regulate the ecosystem established mainly by Google and Apple. The existing horizontal regulatory framework does not fully reflect the characteristics of the two-sided market and the change in the competition structure in the broadcasting and telecommunications sector. What is important to note is that if the existing horizontal regulatory framework is simply applied to the ecosystem, a regulatory imbalance can be caused among ecosystems. The existing horizontal regulatory framework, which is subject to a value chain structure, categorizes business entities into either contents layer or transmission layer and applies the same regulation to all business entities in the same category. However, in the ecosystem, a keystone-player can be categorized into different layers depending on its strategy. Therefore, if the existing horizontal regulatory framework is applied as it is, the regulatory imbalance between keystone-players located in less regulated areas and keystone-players located in more regulated areas occurs resulting in a distortion of competition. There are two possible ways to establish a new regulatory framework to prevent the distortion of competition likely to be caused by the adoption of a horizontal regulatory system. First, a new ecosystem regulatory framework different from the existing one can be established. Second, the horizontal regulatory framework can be modified to reflect the ecosystem elements. The first approach is hard to adopt given the current situation as the approach requires the analysis of all broadcasting and telecommunications ecosystems including mobile and wired services; currently research and study on the competition conditions in the ecosystems is not enough. Therefore, this paper supports the second approach proposing a modified horizontal regulatory framework through the improvement of institutions and remedies suitable for accommodating the ecosystem elements. This paper intends to propose a way to regulate broadcasting and telecommunications ecosystems taking into consideration the ecosystem elements on top of the Telecommunications Business Act, Broadcasting Act, IPTV Act, the competition condition evaluation system of the Basic Act on Broadcasting and Telecommunications Development, and regulation on common carriers under the Telecommunications Business Act.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.200-221
• /
• 2019

The National Hangeul Museum houses a document list of the wedding gifts that Queen Sunwon granted her royal son-in-law, Nam Nyeong-wie, in August 1837. A total of 55 items were recorded in Hangeul Gungseo style on yellow paper. This list included four types of government officials' uniforms, casual wear, accessories, etc. The results of studying the 19th-century male officials' uniforms through this historic record were as follows. The clothing record in the List of Wedding Gifts was more accurate than that in the Dukongongju Garyedeungrok. The four types of government official uniforms for Nam Nyeong-wie included jeobok, sangbok, sibok, and gongbok. For the joebok, there was geumkwan, daehong-hangrah joebok, baeksam, ahole, seodae, gakpae, peseul, paeok, husu, and mokhwa. The record of the List confirms that baeksam was used as jungdan for joebok. For the gongbok, there was daehong-hangrah gongbok, blue seolhancho duhgre, blue saenggyeonggwangju changui, and green waehangrah kurimae. The record of the List shows that the lining of the gongbok was duhgre, and confirms, for the first time, that changui and kurimae were worn inside the gongbok. For the sangbok, there was samo, ssanghakhyungbae embroidered with golden thread, dark green cloud patterned gapsa gwandae, blue cloud patterned gapsa duhgre, blue ssangmuncho changui, and Chinese purple hwamunsa kurimae. For the sibok, there was pink gwangsa gwandae, and blue gwangcho duhgre. For the lining, blue duhgre was used. Lastly, the fabrics used for those costumes were all suitable for the climate in August.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.53-64
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted from the time when discussion of improvement and keeping heavy taxation on multiple home owners was began, experts who may express professional opinion such as realtors, tax accountants and revenue officers were picked up besides the direct interested parties such as single and multiple home owners. This study collected their various opinions regarding whether keeping the heavy taxation system on multiple home owners or not and the effect of it. As a result of the survey, people living in Seoul who owned more houses showed higher awareness about heavy taxation on multiple home owners, and people agreed more about abolishing the heavy taxation when they own more homes. From this study, it was found out that different recognition about heavier transfer income tax on multiple home owners of each person concerned and necessity of rearranging this uncertain condition of temporary regulation in the future. The tax law should be improved to supply clear policy signals to the market for recovery of housing transactions and supply expansion of jeonsei to monthly rental housing and managing of taxation policy which reflects taxpayers' opinion may correspond to more effective and fair taxation principle.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.40
• /
• pp.175-207
• /
• 2014

This paper focuses on the study of a development direction of the industrial security Expert system. First of all, in order to manage Industrial security system, we need to have law, criminology, business and engineering professionals as well as IT experts, which are the multi-dimensional convergence professionals. Secondly, industrial organizations need to have workforce who can perform security strategy; security plan; security training; security services; or security system management and operations. Industrial security certification system can contribute to cultivate above mentioned professional workforce. Currently Industrial Security Expert(ISE) is a private qualification. However, the author argued that it have to be changed to national qualification. In addition, it is necessary that the system should be given credibility with verifying the personnel whether they are proper or not in the their field. In terms of quality innovation, it is also necessary that distinguish the levels of utilization of rating system of the industrial security coordinator through a long-term examination. With respect to grading criteria, we could consider the requirements as following: whether they must hold the degree of the industrial security-related areas of undergraduate or postgraduate (or to be); what or how many industrial security-related courses they should complete through a credit bank system. If the plan of completing certain industrial security-related credits simply through the credit bank system, without establishing a new industrial security-related department, has established, then industrial security study would be spreaded and advanced. For private certification holders, the problem of the qualification succeeding process is important matter. Additionally, it is necessary to introduce the certifying system of ISMS(Industrial Security Management System) which is a specialized system for protecting industrial technology. To sum up, when the industrial security management system links the industrial security management certification, industrial security would realize in the companies and research institutions dealing with national key technology. Then, a group synergy effect would occurs.