• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.13-25
• /
• 1997

To establish the weed control method without herbicide and weeding work, mulch paper was developed from domestic old corrugate container. Basis weight of mulch paper should be above 120 g/$m^2$ to guarantee the mechanical properties. It was concluded that polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin was desirable to improve the wet strength of mulch paper and the optimum addition level was about 1.5% on the basis of oven dry pulp. The mulch paper was found to be effective in controlling paddy weeds. For the complete weed control the mulch paper should be sustained without decomposition over 45 days. As the paper mulching reduced the soil temperature, the mulch paper was required to improve the penetration of radiant heat.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to clarify effects of weed control methods on damages from agricultural chemicals of pear trees, growth of weeds and states of pear trees after treating pear orchards with different methods of weed controlling, density of GLU and application times. The growth and occupation rate were investigated after 10, 20 and 40 days of weeding treatment. According to a result of the first treatment conducted when weeds in the lower parts of crown in a pear orchard began to grow and grew about 20 cm, unwoven cloth covering showed the highest control value with 100% in all 14 kinds of grasses. In comparison, Stellaria aquatica and catchweed bedstraw showed 96.7% and 97.3% respectively in the 20 DAT investigate after the first treatment of GLU 540 g a.i. ha-1 and the high control value of 100% in other all kinds of grasses. According to an investigation of stalk enlargement, length of new shoot and the number of new shoot made to know differences in tree growth following treatment of the lower part of crown, to use weed killers two or three times a year or to eliminate grasses with machines have positive effects on cross growth of pear trees.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2006

Annual bluegrass(Poa annua L.) is a problem weed that is very difficult to control on golf courses. There are some reasons that make Poa annua such a difficult weed to be controled. One of these reasons is this plant's ability to reproduce its seed even under stressful conditions. Another reason is its adaptation to low mowing heights. Above all things, the greatest competitive advantage of Poa annua is its genetic diversity. Generally, Poa annua is a bunch type and annual type cool-season grass, but some types act as weak perennials and have stolons. There has been much research on controlling annual bluegrass in golf course turf with chemical and cultural techniques. This research has been conducted for more than 85 years. There has been some progress in controlling some types of Poa annua, but these methods have not been successful on every biotype. Among all of the techniques, Roundup ready creeping bentgrass has the most promise of controlling the diverse types of Poa annua. Roundup ready bentgrass is capable of tolerating the effects of Roundup(glyphosate) while it kills other plants including Poa annua. By using this new technology, we can make Poa annua free greens, tees, and fairways.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 1984

This experiment was conducted to find out selective herbicides which are safe to the rice seedlings and to provide effective weed control method in protected semi-irrigated rice seedbed. There was no crop injury in rice with benzophenap [2-(4-2, 4-dichloro-3-methylbenzoyl)-1, 3-dimethyl-pyrazol-5-yl-oxy)-4'-methyl acetophenone] (240g), pyrazoxyfene [1,3-dimethyl-4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-Sphenacyloxy pyrazole] (200g), chlormethoxynil [2,4-dichlorophenyl-4-nitro-3-methoxyphenyl ether] (180g), dimepiperate [S-(1-methyl-1-phenethyl)-piperidine-l-carbathioate] (210g), dimepiperate + probenazol [3-allyloxy-1,2-benzisothiazol-1,1-dioxide] (210 + 120g) mixture and dimepiperate + probenazol + molinate [S-ethyl-N,N-hexamethylene-thiol-carbamate] (120 + 120 + 120g) mixture at times of application studied. Butachlor [2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-N-buthoxymethyl acetanilide] + pyrazolate [4-(2,4-dichlorbenzoyl)-1,3dimethyl-pyrazol-5-yl-p-toluene-sulfonate] (70 + 120g) mixture and butachlor + chlormethoxynil (60 + 120g) mixture caused root length to shorten and root viability to decrease. However, the crop injury was recovered at 25 days after seeding. Benzophenap, pyraxoxyfene and butachlor + pyrazolate mixture were effective for weed control when applied at 2 days before seeding. Chlormethoxynil and butachlor + chlormethoxynil mixture was very effective for controlling annual weed. Dimepiperate, dimepiperate + probenazol mixture and dimepiperate + probenazol + molinate mixture did not control most weeds except for Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of weed flora in pastures in Jeju island of Korea and to establish the basic data for controlling them occurred in the pastures. Weed flora was investigated twice, May and July on 2003. There were a total of 207 weed species including 49 families. Among them 67 species were annual, 39 species were biennial and 101 species were perennial. The compositions of major plant families, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae were 17, 15, 8, 7, 6%, respectively. Sixty-eight species of exotics were occurred, as well. Rumex obtusifolius was the highest in importance analysis and the followings were in order of Trifolium repens, Artemisia princeps, Plantago asiatica, Potentilla anemonefolia and Rumex acetosella etc. Among the exotic weeds, R. obtusifolius, T. repens, R. acetosella and C. holosteoides var. hallaisanense might be most problematic weeds species in pastures in Jeju island in the future. And at the boundary of some pastures and mountains Smilax china, Duchesnea indica, Rosa maximowicziana, etc. 17 shrub species were also occurred.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.78-83
• /
• 1981

This study was attempted to determine the major weed species occurring in Korean turfgrass, Zoysia japonica Steud. and to evaluate the most effective means for controlling them. More or less 40 weed species were determined to occur in Korean turfgrass. In terms of quantity and frequency of occurrence, Trifolium repens L., Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop., Draba nemorosa var. hebecarpa Lindbl, Erigeron canadensis L., and Cyperus amuricus Max were observed to be the major weeds. Simpson's index, 0.306 was obtained to be the major weeds. Simpson's index, 0.306 was obtained in the golf course, Jinryang, Gyungsan-gun, meaning that no specific weed species were dominant, but in Kyungpook National University campus, Trifolium repense L. was a single dominant species, indicating Simpson's index, 0.776. The most effective herbicides to control Trifolium repense L. and other broad leaf weeds were MCPP [2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy) propionic acid), followed by 2,4-D (2,4-dichlolophenoxy acetic acid). Increased rates of both herbicides increased markedly their effectivity against weeds, with very slight injury against turfgrass. MCPP at 2.8 kg(a.i.)/ha gave excellent control without any injury and 2,4-D at 1.0 kg(a.i.)/ha.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.258-265
• /
• 2010

The effects of organic-compound fertilizer on weed control and rice growth in the transplanting rice cultivation were researched in this article. The results showed that the growth of transplanted rice was promoted (the increased rate was 10.3~27.2%), but the plant number for Echinochloa crus-galli was controlled (the inhibition rate was 50.3~89.2%), besides, small amount of organic-compound fertilizer in controlling Aneilema keisak was highly effective when the transplanted rice was treated with 125~250 kg $10a^{-1}$ organic-compound fertilizer. Moreover, E. crus-galli, Monochoria vaginalis and A. keisak were inhibited largely by increasing the water depth (1~5 cm), whereas Eleocharis kuroguwai and other sedges weeds were not effected by water depth. Compared with the temperature of $20{\sim}35^{\circ}C$, the plant occurrence of E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis at high temperature was inhibited (the inhibition rate were 75.4~92.2% and 49.5%~81.6%, respectively). When the transplanted rice was treated with the above organic-compound fertilizer after 10day, the inhibition rate of plant occurrence for E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis was 33.7% and 23.3%, respectively. Similarly, in the later period of rice growth, the plant height and the numbers of tiller grew slowly in conventional soil in comparison with the soil treated with organic-compound fertilizer. It has been found that the rice yield in experimental soil was decreased by 4%. This result in the field experiment showed that organic material contents in conventional soil were lower than that in soil which used the organic-compound fertilizer. Weed control in experimental soil showed 60.5% lower effects than that in conventional soil.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.368-374
• /
• 1997

Investigated ware the decomposition of mulch paper, weed occurrence, and rice growth and yield in transplanting rice culture with paper mulching in 1996 and 1997. The mulch paper were developed from domestic old corrugated container. In the experiment of 1996 where 25 percent of nitrogen fertilizer was applied as tillering fertilizer at 15 days after transplanting, it took about 28 to 40 days for the mulch paper to reach 50 percent decomposition according to types of mulch paper and fertilizer amount. The decomposition was faster in 18kg N/10a fertilization plot than in 12kg N/10a fertilization plot, and slower in the mulch paper treated with polyamidepolyamine epichlorohydrin resin(PPE) for the reinforcement of wet strength than in the mulch paper without PPE. In the experiment of 1997 where nitrogen fertilizer was not applied at tillering stage and instead 70 percent of nitrogen fertilizer was supplied as basal fertilizer, it took more than 42 days for the mulch paper(PPF treated) to reach 50 percent decomposition. Paper mulching was found to be very effective in controlling the paddy weeds at early stage of rice growth, but the efficacy, of weed control decreased especially in the mulch paper without PPE at later stage of rite growth due to the occurrence of Ludwigia prostrata in 1996. Few weeds occurred even in non-mulched plot without herbicide in 1997, rending difficulties in evaluating the efficacy of mulch paper in weed control, However, it could be deduced from the durability of mulch paper that paper mulching would have had sufficient efficacy of weed control. Rice yield was only 185kg/10a in the plot without mulching and weed control, but 657kg/10a and 771kg/10a in the paper(PPE treated) mulching plot with 12kgN/10a and 18kgN/10a, respectively, in 1996. The paper mulching plot showed rice yield similar to the weed control plot with herbicide in 1997. It would be concluded that paper mulching could ensure effective weed control and as high yield as the conventional rice cultivation with herbicidal weed control if the corresponding amount of basal nitrogen fertilizer is increased instead of omitting the nitrogen fertilizer at tillering stage.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.20-23
• /
• 1976

Distribution of underground organs of perennial weeds in soil and ecological control measure were evaluated. Tubers of Cypers serotinus and Sagittaria pygmaea were mostly presented in a shallow depth of 0 to 5cm, however, Potamogeton distinctus's bulbs and Eleocharis kuroguwai's tubers were distributed in the soil at 10 to 20cm. A 20cm autumn plowing was, to some extent, effective to reduce Potamogeton distinctus. The herbicide, avirosan at 3kg/10a alone, was extremely effective in controlling Potamogeton distinctus.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.19 no.spc
• /
• pp.127-128
• /
• 2011

Vinegar has been considered as a potential organic herbicide, but more knowledge is needed about acetic acid concentration, application volume and use of adjutants on weed control. In this study, we determined optimum acetic acid concentration and spraying time on several weed species. Vinegar is more effective in broadleaf weeds than grasses. Vinegar is also effective in controlling younger weeds such as $3^{rd}$ to $4^{th}$ weeks after emergency. For example, $3^{rd}$ weeks after emergency weeds were easily controlled at 2-3% of vinegar solution. But $4^{th}$ weeks after emergency weeds were controlled at 4-5% of vinegar. Therefore vinegar concentration was recommended about 5%, and application time was when the weeds were young-within 3 leaf stage.