Abstract
The effects of organic-compound fertilizer on weed control and rice growth in the transplanting rice cultivation were researched in this article. The results showed that the growth of transplanted rice was promoted (the increased rate was 10.3~27.2%), but the plant number for Echinochloa crus-galli was controlled (the inhibition rate was 50.3~89.2%), besides, small amount of organic-compound fertilizer in controlling Aneilema keisak was highly effective when the transplanted rice was treated with 125~250 kg $10a^{-1}$ organic-compound fertilizer. Moreover, E. crus-galli, Monochoria vaginalis and A. keisak were inhibited largely by increasing the water depth (1~5 cm), whereas Eleocharis kuroguwai and other sedges weeds were not effected by water depth. Compared with the temperature of $20{\sim}35^{\circ}C$, the plant occurrence of E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis at high temperature was inhibited (the inhibition rate were 75.4~92.2% and 49.5%~81.6%, respectively). When the transplanted rice was treated with the above organic-compound fertilizer after 10day, the inhibition rate of plant occurrence for E. crus-galli and M. vaginalis was 33.7% and 23.3%, respectively. Similarly, in the later period of rice growth, the plant height and the numbers of tiller grew slowly in conventional soil in comparison with the soil treated with organic-compound fertilizer. It has been found that the rice yield in experimental soil was decreased by 4%. This result in the field experiment showed that organic material contents in conventional soil were lower than that in soil which used the organic-compound fertilizer. Weed control in experimental soil showed 60.5% lower effects than that in conventional soil.
본 연구는 유기질 복합비료가 벼 재배 논에서 잡초 및 벼 생육에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 실내 검정 시험에서 유기질 복합비료를 125~250kg $10a^{-1}$ 처리시 이앙벼는 지상부가 10.3~27.2% 증가하였고, 피는 50.3~89.2%의 출현이 억제되었으며, 사마귀풀은 낮은 처리량에서도 높은 감수성을 보였다. 유기질 복합비료는 피, 물달개비, 사마귀풀에 대하여 담수심(1~5cm)이 깊을수록 높게 억제하였으나, 올방개와 같은 사초과 잡초에 대해서는 억제 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 또 $20{\sim}35^{\circ}C$의 비교적 높은 온도에서 피와 물달개비는 각각 75.4~92.2%, 49.5~81.6%의 높은 출현억제율을 나타냈다. 유기질 복합비료 시용 10일 후 낙수 시 피와 물달개비는 각각 33.7%, 23.0%의 출현억제율을 나타내었다. 포장시험에서 시험 후 토양의 유기물은 관행구에서 유기질 복합비료 시용구보다 약간 낮게 나타났다. 벼의 생육은 초장 및 경수가 관행구 대비 적었으며 그 차이는 생육후기에 더 많이 나타났고, 벼의 수량은 관행구 대비 4% 감소하였다. 논잡초 억제 효과는 유기질 복합비료 시용구에서 60.5%로 관행구보다 낮게 나타났다.
