• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.241-246
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• 1998

Background: Opioids and local anesthetics have been administered epidurally for the purpose of the postoperative analgesia. However opioids have a serious risk of respiratory depression and local anesthetics have the risks of hypotension, sensory block, or motor one. In recent years, reports of spinal administration of midazolam for acute postoperative pain control have appeared in the literature. This study was performed to observe the effect of epidural midazolam in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device. Methods: Forty-five patients scheduled for the elective total hysterectomy were randomly selected; epidurally take morphine only (group I, n=15), morphine plus 0.1% bupivacaine (group II, n=15), or morphine plus midazolam (group III, n=15). The visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and with movement, the sedation score, the degree of the satisfaction, the total amounts of a morphine usage, and the incidence of the side effects were observed. Rusults: The VAS at rest of group II and III were decreased significantly than that of group I. The VAS with movement of group III was significantly decreased than that of group I and II. The sadation score and the cumulative dose of a morphine were statistically insignificant within groups. Conclusion: Epidural morphine plus midazolam was proven to be clinically effective in the post-operative pain control especially for the pain with movement, compared with epidural morphine only and morphine plus 0.1% bupivacaine.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.12-27
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• 2004

Thanks to spectacular advances in the techniques for identifying proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and in methods for large-scale analysis of proteome variations, proteomics is becoming an essential methodology in various fields of plant sciences. Plant proteomics would be most useful when combined with other functional genomics tools and approaches. A combination of microarray and proteomics analysis will indicate whether gene regulation is controlled at the level of transcription or translation and protein accumulation. In this review, we described the catalogues of the rice proteome which were constructed in our program, and functional characterization of some of these proteins was discussed. Mass-spectrometry is a most prevalent technique to identify rapidly a large of proteins in proteome analysis. However, the conventional Western blotting/sequencing technique us still used in many laboratories. As a first step to efficiently construct protein data-file in proteome analysis of major cereals, we have analyzed the N-terminal sequences of 100 rice embryo proteins and 70 wheat spike proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Edman degradation revealed the N-terminal peptide sequences of only 31 rice proteins and 47 wheat proteins, suggesting that the rest of separated protein spots are N-terminally blocked. To efficiently determine the internal sequence of blocked proteins, we have developed a modified Cleveland peptide mapping method. Using this above method, the internal sequences of all blocked rice proteins (i. e., 69 proteins) were determined. Among these 100 rice proteins, thirty were proteins for which homologous sequence in the rice genome database could be identified. However, the rest of the proteins lacked homologous proteins. This appears to be consistent with the fact that about 30% of total rice cDNA have been deposited in the database. Also, the major proteins involved in the growth and development of rice can be identified using the proteome approach. Some of these proteins, including a calcium-binding protein that fumed out to be calreticulin, gibberellin-binding protein, which is ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activate in rice, and leginsulin-binding protein in soybean have functions in the signal transduction pathway. Proteomics is well suited not only to determine interaction between pairs of proteins, but also to identify multisubunit complexes. Currently, a protein-protein interaction database for plant proteins (http://genome .c .kanazawa-u.ac.jp/Y2H)could be a very useful tool for the plant research community. Recently, we are separated proteins from grain filling and seed maturation in rice to perform ESI-Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. This experiment shows a possibility to easily and rapidly identify a number of 2-DE separated proteins of rice by ESI-Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. Therefore, the Information thus obtained from the plant proteome would be helpful in predicting the function of the unknown proteins and would be useful in the plant molecular breeding. Also, information from our study could provide a venue to plant breeder and molecular biologist to design their research strategies precisely.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.448-464
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• 2012

Objectives : This study reviews the latest articles in Korea and other countries that studied oriental medicine treatment on poststroke depression. Methods : Korean articles were retrieved from the 9 major Korean web article search engines. Foreign articles were retrieved from PubMed. Article published date was from 2000 up to September 2012. There were no restrictions on the types of publication, but articles not available in full text were excluded. The methodological quality was assessed according to Cochrane's assessment of risk of bias and Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Results : Twenty-two articles were included in this study. Eleven articles were published in Korea, the rest were published in China. Nine articles were randomized controlled trials (RCT), one article was a non-randomized study (NRS), four articles were case reports, three articles were cross-sectional studies, two articles were comparative studies. In RCT articles, risk of selection bias and performance bias were generally high, risk of detection bias was unclear. The NRS article took four stars in Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment. Comparison Hamilton rating scale for depression score between oriental medicine treated group and western medicine treated group revealed that there was no remarkable difference in mean score changes after treatment on PSD. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that oriental medicine treatment is as effective as western medicine treatment for PSD. In the future, more rigorous oriental medicine treatment studies should be conducted.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.159-168
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• 1989

한국 남해안에 위치한 득량만의 내만에서 1980-81년 동안 용존성 영양염류와 미량금속의 분포가 조사되었다. 조사해역의 수괴는 연중 수직적으로 잘 혼합이 되어 있으며 용존성 영양염류와 용존성구리 및 니켈의 농도는 가을과 겨울에 비교적 높고 봄과 여름에 비교적 낮았다. 그러나 부유퇴적물과 입자성 구리 및 니켈의 농도는 겨울에 가장 높았다. 식물플랑크톤의 증식은 늦여름의 육수유입에 의한 영양염류 공급에 의하여 증가되며 겨울에는 그 최고에 달하는 것으로 보인다. 또한 질산염의 고갈에 의하여 식물플랑크톤의 대중식이 중지되는 것으로 추론된다. 미량금속 원소인 구리와 니켈의 순환은 식물플랑크톤의 증식과 밀접한 관계를 가지는 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2016

Objectives : Our primary objective lies in understanding the current landscape of translational research on acupuncture, moxibustion and pharmacopuncture. Methods : We searched our own selection of keywords of acupuncture, moxibustion and pharmacopuncture and translational research from three overseas databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Medicine) and four domestic databases (DBpia, KISS, Riss4u, Korea Med). Results : We have chosen 41 articles in total-40 articles on acupunture, 6 article on moxibustion(5 articles were duplicated in use in each category). Origin-wise, 48.8 %/24.8 %/17.0 % of our articles pool came from USA/China/Korea, respectively. UK, Austria, Thailand and Italy contributed the rest of our article pool. For those articles written in USA and China, review articles were the most common type. For the US articles, all 10 review articles were non-systematic reviews, while, for China's contribution, one out of 4 review articles were systematic review. Type-wise, our research pool's breakdown is as follows ; 17 review articles, 11 experimental research, 2 randomized controlled trials(RCT), 1 clinical trial, 4 conference reports, 1 letter, 1 study protocol and 4 uncategorized. Topic-wise, brain-neurology was most frequently referred with 8 articles, followed by parkinson's disease (3 articles) and epilepsy (2 articles). Conclusion : 1. In terms of research submission articles, Korea appears to be lacking translational research on acupuncture, moxibustion and pharmacopuncture, compared to USA and China, in our view. 2. Unlike the cases of USA and China, most of Korean translational research is limited to doing a T1 level of translational research. In order to bring bench-to-bedside to light. we believe, there should be more studies, and thereby a certain level of activation, to the T2 level of translational research in Korea. 3. Further, in our view there should be more efforts to improve article quality at the T1 level of translational research, which eventually becomes the fundamentals of the next level of research (i.e. T2 research), as well as to increase the number of research submissions, going forward.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 1994

Generally, the totally paralyzed face can never be made normal by any of the current methods of reconstruction. Careful selection of patients based on sound judgment of what can and cannot be achieved by the proposed surgical technique is paramount to a successful operation and a satisfied patient. The results are related to time of delayed between injury and repair ; the shorter the delay the better are the results. The objectives in correcting facial paralysis are to achieve normal appearance at rest ; symmetry with voluntary motion ; control of the ocular, oral, and nasal sphincter ; symmetry with involuntary emotion and controlled balance when expressing when expressing emotion ; and no significant functional deficit secondary to the reconstructive surgery. It must be employed a number of concepts, for treatment of the paralyzed face by surgeon, depending on the cause, time interval, and wound characteristics, as well as the availability of and necessity for neuromuscular substitution. Nerve grafts, crossovers, muscle transfers, free muscle and nerve-muscle grafts, micronuerovascular muscle transfers, and regional muscle transposition are the principal methods being developed. We applied the temporal musle transposition for reanimation of unilatrally paralyzed faces for long times on two patients. The results of muscle transposition can be enhanced by the patient's learning to activate the transposed muscle by voluntary effort, and are best in patients who are motivated to learn the necessary motor-sensory coordination techniques.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.475-489
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to investigate the effects of stimulation-oriented interventions for behavioral problems among people with dementia. Methods: Based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), a literature search was conducted using seven electronic databases, gray literature, and other sources. Methodological quality was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data were analyzed using R with the 'meta' package and the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA 2.0) program. Results: Sixteen studies were included for meta-analysis to investigate the effect of stimulation-oriented interventions. The quality of individual studies was rated as '++' for eight studies and '+' for the rest. The effect sizes were analyzed according to three subgroups of interventions (light, music, and others); Hedges' g=0.04 (95% CI: -0.38~0.46), -0.23 (95% CI: -0.56~0.10), -0.34 (95% CI: -0.34~0.00), respectively. To explore the possible causes of heterogeneity ($I^2=62.8%$), meta-regression was conducted with covariates of sample size, number of sessions, and length of session (time). No moderating effects were found for sample size or number of sessions, but session time showed a significant effect (Z=1.96, 95% CI: 0.00~0.01). Finally, a funnel plot along with Egger's regression test was performed to check for publication bias, but no significant bias was detected. Conclusion: Based on these findings, stimulation-oriented interventions seem to have a small effect for behavioral problems among people with dementia. Further research is needed to identify optimum time of the interventions for behavioral problems among dementia pateints.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.181-190
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• 1998

현재 제주도 서귀포시 제주감귤연구소에서 개발중인 내풍형 2중 아치 비닐하우스에 풍하중을 재하하여 탄성수치해석을 시도한 결과, 풍동실험에 의하면 파풍망의 효과는 풍속이 5∼25m/s 일 때 파풍망을 통과한 유출속도가 86∼98%까지 감소하여 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 일반적으로 사용하고 있는 파이프를 지반에 고정시키는 경계조건을 주지 않고 설치한 피라미드형 콘크리트 지지대의 사하중을 지점에 재하하여 경계조건을 준 결과, 하우스가 풍하중의 양력에 의하여 위로 들리는 거동을 나타내고 있었다. 이러한 거동은 현장에서 목격되는 파괴형상이 기초 전체가 인발되고 파이프가 콘크리트 기초로부터 인발됨으로써 야기되는 파괴요인이 된다. 본 연구에서 재하한 45m/s의 풍하중은 재현기간이 100년에 대한 값으로 반영구적인 구조물에 기준으로 비닐하우스의 내구수명이 상대적으로 짧으므로 이 풍하중을 감소시켜서 설계할 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구에서는 지붕아치가 연결되는 Y-형 접속장치를 내부힌지로 모델링한 것을 제외하고는 모든 연결을 고정연결로 보아 해석하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2008

In this study the sensitivity subjected to housing environmental as well as actual life and subjected to dietary living using experimental mice were investigated. In order to invest sensitivity for dietary life of the mice, using the dropwort(MINAISU) juice and the fermented with the extracted dropwort for change of weight on the mice, this was examined. The result of thus, group of infection through the mouth on dietary treatment for the high-fat foods and the dropwort more than compared with group of dietary treatment for the high-fat foods tended to be decreased. On fermented secretion group of the dietary treatment total cholesterol number also was decreased, the concentration of HDL cholesterol was shown a slight increased. The result of studying for the sensitivity controlled architectural structural material for the mice, coming under wooden living environment, making appearance with increasing weight as well as taking food and drink for psychological rest was considered. To examine changing weight through the mice in regard to the sensitivity for dietary life and living environment, in connection with promotion of health as well as diseases control the caused by those, would be achieve new balanced growth on basic study. Also that would be anticipated to making good use of thus results.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

Bombyx mori densonucleosis virus type 1 (BmDNV1)- a non occluded virus causes flacherie disease in the susceptible stocks of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. However, some stocks are non-susceptible. Non-susceptibility to BmDNV1 in B. mori is a unique case where the virus infection is completely inhibited by a single gene of the host. A survey conducted by this institute in some parts of Karnataka state has revealed that, 43.05% of the total incidence of flacherie disease caused by non-occluded viruses, are due to the synergistic infection of B. mori densonucleosis and infectious flacherie virus. Earlier study indicated that rearing of BmDNV1 resistant silkworm stock is effective in protecting silkworm against BmIFV also. In the present study the response of 78 silkworm stocks which include 42 of non-diapausing and 36 of diapausing groups, to BmDNV1 is investigated. Newly ecdysed third instar larvae were inoculated per-os with 10% inoculum of BmDNV1 extracted from the mid-gut of infected silkworm. One non-diapausing and three diapausing silkworm stocks were found to be resistant to BmDNV1. Eleven silkworm stocks were found to possess moderate resistance whereas rest sixty three were found to be susceptible to BmDNV1. Genetic analysis has shown that the resistance to BmDNV1 is autosomally inherited and controlled by a major dominant or a major recessive gene in different silkworm stocks. These resistant stocks can be utilized as the resource material to develop BmDNV1 resistant commercial hybrids. The selection strategies, depending upon the mode of inheritance of resistance in the resource material chosen, are discussed.