• Title/Summary/Keyword: Control Types

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An Exploratory Study on the Taxonomy of Control Types in IS Outsourcing Project Management (IS 아웃소싱 프로젝트 관리를 위한 통제의 실증적유형에 관한 탐색적 연구)

  • Lee, Sang-Kon
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.25-44
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    • 2005
  • This study examines control types of IS outsourcing project management focusing on two sets of questions: What control types are implemented during IS outsourcing projects? How various control types affect the performance of IS outsourcing projects. In order to meet these objectives, four control types are developed using typology-approach: dynamic, contract-oriented, partnership-oriented, and passive. And then four control types are identified based on taxonomy-approach using cluster analysis from 66 projects: dynamic, contract-oriented, passive, and middle. The result shows that the derived taxonomy-types are similar to the typology-types except partnership-oriented type. The result also indicates that dynamic and contract-oriented types are in the highest performance, while passive type is in the least performance.

Calculation of Outdoor Air Fraction through Economizer Control Types during Intermediate Season

  • Hong, Goopyo;Hong, Jun;Kim, Byungseon Sean
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: In this study, we examined outdoor air fraction using historical data of actual Air Handling Unit (AHU) in the existing building during intermediate season and analyzed optimal outdoor air fraction by control types for economizer. Method: Control types for economizer which was used in analysis are No Economizer(NE), Differential Dry-bulb Temperature(DT), Diffrential Enthalpy(DE), Differential Dry-bulb Temperature+Differential Enthalpy(DTDE), and Differential Enthalpy+Differential Dry-bulb Temperature (DEDT). In addition, the system heating and cooling load were analyzed by calculating the outdoor air fraction through existing AHU operating method and control types for economizer. Result: Optimized outdoor air fraction through control types was the lowest in March and distribution over 50% was shown in May. In case of DE control type, outdoor air fraction was the highest of other control types and the value was average 63% in May. System heating load was shown the lowest value in NE, however, system cooling load was shown 1.7 times higher than DT control type and 5 times higher than DE control type. For system heating load, DT and DTDE is similar during intermediate season. However, system cooling load was shown 3 times higher than DE and DEDT. Accordingly, it was found as the method to save cooling energy most efficiently with DE control considering enthalpy of outdoor air and return air in intermediate season.

Analysis on Types of Errors in Learning about Control Structures of Programming using Flowchart (순서도를 활용한 프로그래밍 제어 구조 학습에 나타난 오류 유형 분석)

  • Choe, Hyunjong
    • The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.101-109
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    • 2016
  • Designing algorithms is a very important learning process in computational thinking education because it requires learner's logical and procedural thinking. But the case studies that have topics of algorithms learning and students' types of errors in learning algorithms are not enough. So the purpose of this study is to analyze students' errors that discovered in the process of learning three control structures of programming using flowchart and provide types of errors in designing algorithms. Results about tests of three types of control structures in university student's algorithms learning class showed different cases of types of errors; types of sequential control error are not presented in the class, types of conditional control error are presented in the case of setting the conditions of nested conditional control, and types of iterative control are showed in the many cases of iterative conditions, statements of single and nested iterative control structure. The results of study will be a good case study about teaching designing algorithms of computational thinking education in elementary, secondary school and university.

Design of Lateral Controller for Automatic Valet Parking and Its Performance Analysis with Respect to Vehicle Types (자동 발렛 파킹을 위한 횡방향 제어기 설계 및 차종변화에 대한 제어 성능 분석)

  • Choi, Heejae;Song, Bongsob
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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    • v.18 no.11
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    • pp.1051-1058
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    • 2012
  • The unified lateral control algorithm for automatic valet parking for various types of vehicles is presented and its feasibility is shown experimentally via field tests for the given parking scenario. First, a trajectory generation algorithm for forward driving and backward multi-step parking maneuvers is developed. Then, with consideration of different types of vehicles and operating conditions, a kinematic vehicle model is used and validated using field test data. Using the nonlinear vehicle model, the lateral controller is designed based on dynamic surface control. Finally the proposed lateral control law is validated via hardware-in-the-loop simulations for different types of vehicles and experimentally using a test vehicle through field tests.

Investigating Cursor Control Types for Text Entry on Smartphones (스마트폰에서의 텍스트 입력을 위한 커서 조작 방식 연구)

  • Ahn, Junyoung;Kim, Kyungdoh
    • Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.352-359
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    • 2016
  • The soft keyboard with touch interaction is universally available on mobile phone, a variety of previous studies with respect to the soft keyboard on smart devices had been conducted. However, previous studies of cursor control for text entry on smart devices such as smartphone did not performed. In this study, we compared three types of cursor controls (Default, 3D touch, Slide) in smartphone using Fitts' law and C-D ratio. Then we performed a laboratory experiment with three cursor control types and evaluated using cursor movement time as a quantitative evaluation and 8 subjective metrics for usability as a qualitative evaluation. Then, we discussed what types of cursor control showed better performance and subjective satisfaction through their results. From these results, this study recommended the design guidelines for cursor control on smartphones and developed its study methods as our contributions.

The Effects of Two Types of Parental Psychological Control on Dependency, Self-Criticism and Depression in Adolescents (부모의 심리적 통제유형이 청소년의 의존심, 자아비난 및 우울에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Seong Yeon;Lee, Eun Gyoung;Song, Ju Hyun;Soenens, Bart
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.65-78
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    • 2008
  • This study examined whether parental psychological control influences adolescents' depressive feelings through personality features of dependency and self-criticism. Participants were 315 high school students (M=16 years) who completed questionnaires tapping two types of parental psychological control and student personality and depressive symptoms. Both girls and boys perceived equal levels of maternal and paternal separation-anxious psychological control. Boys perceived higher achievement- oriented psychological control of fathers than mothers; girls perceived equal levels of maternal and paternal achievement-oriented control. Structural relations between types of psychological control, personality features, and depressive symptoms were equivalent for both mothers and fathers and for both boys and girls. Results confirmed that separation-anxious and achievement-oriented control have negative effects on adolescents' adjustment through differential pathways; dependency and self-criticism, respectively.

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A Study on User Interface Design According to 3D Menu Type and Control Type for 3D Displays

  • Kim, Jae-Ho;Jung, Sung-Wook;Choe, Jae-Ho;Jung, Eui-S.
    • Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.551-562
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    • 2011
  • Objective: We proposed an effective 3D menu manipulation alternative with a usability test. This was performed in a 3D environment with 3D menu and control manipulation methods. Background: As 3D stereoscopic displays became generalized, various 3D applications were being used not just movies, games, but also mobile contents and advertisements. However, when a user interface was designed in a 3D environment, it was lacked that a clear standard and result of an efficiency and usability as like a 2D environment. Method: We implemented 9 kinds of 3D menu types based on 3D menu hierarchies, menu layouts and dimensions. And we extracted 3 representative control types in a 3D environment. We performed usability evaluation with full factorial design for 27 menu alternatives with 2 types of menu manipulation tasks. In this condition, we measured the performance time, subjective discomfort and eye-fatigue. Results: A control type had the significant effect, and the effect of menu types had the different result depending on given tasks. Conclusion: This experiment showed the interaction of menu and control types depended on 3D menu manipulation tasks were significant in a 3D user interface design. Therefore, as a purpose of a 3D menu manipulation task, 3D menu types and control types were should be considered. Application: We supposed this result was should be applied in a 3D menu contents design.

Seismic Isolation and Response Control of Buildings in Japan

  • Masahiko Higashino;Yoshihisa Kitamura;Nagahide Kani
    • International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.299-306
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    • 2023
  • An overview of seismic isolation and structural control in Japan is presented. The paper includes a mention of the history of aseismic technology and the earthquake threat in Japan, summarizes the merits of seismic isolation and response control, and discusses the types of devices used and some recent project examples. The projects presented are mostly examples of response control used for high-rise buildings. These types of buildings are not amendable to seismic isolation, and are a challenge to applying damping devices, as their high aspect ratio means that their dominant deformation mode is bending. Japanese engineers have developed a range of unique techniques to apply response control to these types of structures. Concluding remarks discuss some of the current challenges to expanding the use of seismic isolation and response control technologies.

Effects of Dietary Glycine Betaine on Pork Quality in Different Muscle Types

  • Hur, Sun Jin;Yang, Han Sul;Park, Gu Boo;Joo, Seon Tea
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.20 no.11
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    • pp.1754-1760
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary glycine betaine on pork quality in different muscle types. A total of 80 female pigs ($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$) were randomly allotted into one of four experimental diet groups. Each group of pigs were fed a commercial diet (Control) with 0.2 g glycine betaine (T1), 0.4 g glycine betaine (T2) and 0.6 g% glycine betaine (T3)/kg for 40 days. pH of belly was significantly higher in the control than dietary glycine betaine groups at 13 days of storage, whereas pH of picnic shoulder and ham were significantly lower in control than glycine betaine groups. At 13 days of storage, redness (a*) of belly was significantly higher in control than dietary glycine betaine groups, whereas picnic shoulder and ham were significantly higher in glycine betaine groups than in the control. Water-holding capacities (WHC) of all muscle samples were significantly higher in the control than glycine betaine groups until 5 days of storage. Sarcomere length was significantly longer in the control than glycine betaine groups. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value of belly was much higher than other muscle types at 13 days of storage. In fatty acid composition, dietary glycine betaine increased the ratio of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and decreased unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) in loins.

The Relationship between Mothers' Attachment Levels, Types of Verbal Control, and Infants' Language Development (어머니 애착수준 및 언어통제유형과 영아의 언어발달 간의 관계)

  • Nam, Hyo Jung;Jahng, Kyung Eun
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.143-161
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    • 2015
  • This study aims to examine the relationship between mothers' attachment levels, types of verbal control, and infants' language development. The selected participants comprised 224 infants, aged 24-35 months and their mothers (224) at 25 long day care centers located Goyang-si, Gimpo-si in Gyeonggi-do, Incheon and Seoul. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, there were significant differences in mothers' attachment levels, types of verbal control, and infants' language development depending on the mothers' employment status. Secondly, to assess the relative influences of two variables which were significantly associated with infants' language development, the sociodemographic variables of mothers and infants, including infants' age and mothers' employment status, were controlled in order to conduct hierarchical regression analysis. The results revealed that imperative-oriented verbal controls, person-oriented verbal controls, and contact seeking all influenced infants' overall language development.