• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

In this paper, the nature of iron loss in electrical steel during alternating field excitation is investigated more precisely. The exact definition of AC iron loss is cleared by accurately measuring the iron loss for conditions of both the sinusoidal magnetic field and sinusoidal magnetic flux density. The results of this approach to iron loss calculations in electrical steel are compared to experimentally-measured losses. In addition, an inverse hysteresis model considering eddy current loss was developed to analyze the iron loss when the input is the voltage source. With this model, the inrush current in the inductor or transformer as well as the iron loss can be calculated.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 2010

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM) adjustable speed drives offer significant advantages over induction motor drives in a wide variety of industrial applications such as high power density, high efficiency, improved dynamic performance and reliability. This paper proposes efficiency optimization control of IPMSM drive using adaptive fuzzy learning controller(AFLC). In order to optimize the efficiency the loss minimization algorithm is developed based on motor model and operating condition. The d-axis armature current is utilized to minimize the losses of the IPMSM in a closed loop vector control environment. The design of the current based on adaptive fuzzy control using model reference and the estimation of the speed based on neural network using ANN controller. The controllable electrical loss which consists of the copper loss and the iron loss can be minimized by the optimal control of the armature current. The minimization of loss is possible to realize efficiency optimization control for the proposed IPMSM. The optimal current can be decided according to the operating speed and the load conditions. This paper considers the design and implementation of novel technique of high performance speed control for IPMSM using AFLC. Also, this paper proposes speed control of IPMSM using AFLC1, current control of AFLC2 and AFLC3, and estimation of speed using ANN controller. The proposed control algorithm is applied to IPMSM drive system controlled AFLC, the operating characteristics controlled by efficiency optimization control are examined in detail.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.310-318
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• 1990

The amount of grain loss incurred during harvesting operation through the chaff-outlet of combine may not be negligible. To minimize this grain loss and optimize condition of combining, it may be necessary that the amout of chaff-outlet loss dependent on varying crop condition is to be estimated as exactly as possible. This study was thus intended to develop the monitor that could indicate the amount of grain lost through the chaff-outlet of combine during haravesting operation, and to find out driving and operating method of combine that could reduce chaff-outlet loss. In the study(1), the frequency distributions of each sound generated by the impact of kernels and chaff, the sound generated by the impact of the mixture of kernels and chaff, and vibration or noise created by the combine engine and other moving parts were investigated experimentally. Based on the results of frequency analyses, the loss monitor was developed which could measure the impact sound of paddy kernels that could be distinguished from those of other threshing products through chaff-outlet, and from vibration or noise created by the combine engine and other moving parts. Also in this study, detecting capability of monitor was tested by comparing the amount of grain lost through chaff-outlet with the amount of grain detected by the loss monitor, and changes in chaff-outlet grain loss on the increase of traveling speed, location of chaff-outlet loss control plate and variety of paddy rice were measured using the loss monitor. The monitor developed in this study efficiently measured the amount of grain lost through the chaff-outlet of combine. It was found that the chaff-outlet grain loss ratio was affected greatly by the variety of paddy rice, the location of chaff-outlet loss control plate and traveling speed of combine.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2008

This study examined pregnancy and fetal loss rates according to different estrus synchronization protocols and injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) after transfer of Korean Native Cattle embryos to Holstein recipients. In Experiment 1, recipients received no treatment (Control, n = 119); two injections of prostaglandin$F_{2{\alpha}}$ ($PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ ) 11 days apart (PGF group, n = 120); GnRH (day 0)-$PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ (day 7)-GnRH (day 9) (Ovsynch group, n = 120); and CIDR (day 0)-$PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ and CIDR removal (day 7)-GnRH (day 9) (CIDR group, n = 110). In Experiment 2, the control group was received no treatment of GnRH. The treatment groups were received GnRH at embryo transfer (ET) (day 0), 7 days later, 14 days later, ET and 7 days later, 7 and 14 days later, or ET, 7 and 14 days later. Recipients were assigned to treatment randomly and received two in vitro produced blastocysts. Pregnancy was diagnosed at day 60 by palpation per rectum. Fetal loss to term was determined by palpation every 90 days thereafter. In Experiment 1, the pregnancy rate in the CIDR group (59.1%) were higher than in the Control group (42.0%) (p<0.01); fetal loss rates were similar for all groups (12.0 to 18.5%). In Experiment 2, the pregnancy rate in Day 0+7+14 group was higher (60.2%) than the control (40.2%) (p<0.01) and resulted in a lower fetal loss (p<0.05) than the control (4.6 vs. 11.4%). There were no significant difference between other treatment and the control (p>0.05). These results show that pregnancy rates of bovine embryos can be enhanced by CIDR insertion or GnRH $3{\times}$ treatment. Additionally, fetal loss may be reduced with GnRH treatment after ET.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.82-89
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• 2000

This study analyzes the cell loss probability of an ATM multiplexer with real time and non-real time bursty traffics. It is assumed that an ATM multiplexer with loss priority control for the analysis. The loss priority control uses the CLP Reld of cell header. For easy analysis and less computation. the multiplexed traffic of the ATM multiplexer was modeled by the MMDP. The ATM multiplexer is simulated by the MMDP/MMDP/l/K queueing system. From the above results, The connection admission of an ATM multiplexer with loss priority control is determined by the cell loss probability with low priority as well as the size of threshold buffer. Therefore, to increase the statistical multiplexing gain it will be good to utilize the loss priority control in order.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.128-135
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• 1998

In the high speed range for salient type synchronous reluctance motor, the effect of iron loss can not be negligible. In this paper, under he assumption that stator iron loss is generated from the equivalent eddy current in the stator, we derive the voltage equations including iron loss from the model that is added the equivalent iron loss in the equivalent inductance in series. The variation of iron loss is dependent on the increase of the operating frequency change for he worse a performance of the vector control system. As there is cross coupling between the d and q axes, it is hard to apply the vector control to the proposed model. Hence, we propose a decoupling current controller for including the effects of iron loss, And we show that the proposed vector control scheme achieves the desired performances through simulation results.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2002

Connection admission control(CAC), which decides whether or not to accept a new call request, is one of the most Important preventive congestion control techniques in asynchronous transfer mode(ATM) networks. To develop a practical CAC scheme, first we propose a "Modified Cell Loss Probability MP${\nu}"$, which is based on "Virtual Cell Loss Probability P${\nu}"$, taking into account mean burst duration of input traffic source and buffer size in ATM networks. MP${\nu}"$ computes more accurate cell loss probability than P${\nu}"$ without increasing computational complexity, since P${\nu}"$ is formulated simply form the maximum and the average cell rate of input traffic. P${\nu}"$ is overestimated as compared to the real cell loss probability when the mean burst duration is relatively small to the buffer capacity. Then, we Propose a CAC scheme, based on "Modified Virtual Bandwidth(MVB)" method, which may individualize the cell loss probabilities in heterogeneous traffic environments. For the proposed approach, we define the interference intensity to identify interferences between heterogeneous traffic sources and use it as well as MP${\nu}"$ to compute MVB. Our approach is well suitable for ATM networks since it provides high bandwidth utilization and guarantees simple and real time CAC computation for heterogeneous traffic environments.heterogeneous traffic environments.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.290-299
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• 2017

Reconfigurable flight control using various kinds of adaptive control methods has been studied since the 1970s to enhance the survivability of aircraft in case of severe in-flight failure. Early studies were mainly focused on the failure of actuators. Recently, studies of reconfigurable flight controls that can accommodate complex damage (partial wing and tail loss) in conventional aircraft were reported. However, the partial wing loss effects on the aerodynamics of conventional type aircraft are quite different to those of BWB(blended wing body) aircraft. In this paper, a reconfigurable flight control algorithm was designed using a direct model reference adaptive method to overcome the instability caused by a complex damage of a BWB aircraft. A model reference adaptive control was incorporated into the inner loop rate control system enhancing the performance of the baseline control to cope with abrupt loss of stability. Gains of the model reference adaptive control were polled out using the Liapunov's stability theorem. Outer loop attitude autopilot was designed to manage roll and pitch of the BWB UAV as well. A 6-DOF dynamic model was built-up, where the normal flight can be made to switch to the damaged state abruptly reflecting the possible real flight situation. 22% of right wing loss as well as 25% loss for both vertical tail and rudder control surface were considered in this study. Static aerodynamic coefficients were obtained via wind tunnel test. Numerical simulations were conducted to demonstrate the performance of the reconfigurable flight control system.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.201-210
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• 2009

A loss minimizing controller is developed for a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The PMSM losses are modeled by some experimental equations. Applying Lagrangian to the loss function, a necessary condition for the optimality appears to be a fourth order polynomial, and the loss minimizing solutions are obtained by a simple numerical approach. On the other hand, the loss minimizing solutions are found by scanning the motor loss in the entire operating region. The two results agree well. The loss minimizing current sets for given torque and speed are made into a table, which is utilized as a look-up in the current control loop.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

This paper introduces a simple core loss calculation method for output filter inductor in pulse width modulation (PWM) DC-AC inverter. Amorphous C-core (AMCC-320) is used to analyze the core loss. In order to measure core loss of the output filter inductor and validate the proposed method, a single-phase half-bridge inverter and a calorimeter are used. By changing switching frequency and modulation index (MI) of the inverter, core loss of the AMCC-320 is measured with the lab-made calorimeter and the results are compared with calculated core loss. The proposed method can be easily extended to other core loss calculation of various converters.