• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06e
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• pp.99-102
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• 2000

This study analyze of reflection wave to Acoustic stimulation on acupoints and contrast parts for objectification of the meridian substance. In order to verify meridian pathway and channel theory of bio-energy in body. It was analyzed response characteristic of reflection waves after acoustic stimulation by sound wave of 5 specific tones. The response characteristics of reflection are measured by the average current magnitude of meridian. The current variation ratio are Live Meridian(gung) 33.2%, Heart Meridian(sang) 30.7%, Kidney Meridian (gak) 33.1%, Spleen Meridian(chi) 33.9%, Lung Meridian (wo) 30.7% compare with contrast parts (non-acupoint and meridian). Therefore meridian is distinguished to non-meridian and 5 vital meridians have relationship with sound wave of 5 specific tones.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.435-447
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• 1999

The localization of substance P(SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and three calcium binding proteins, calbindin D-28k(CB), calretinin(CR) and parvalbumin(PA) was immunohistochemically examined in the myenteric and submucous plexuses of Korean native goat duodenum. In the neurons of myenteric and submucous plexuses of duodenum, immunoreactivities of SP, CGRP and CB were confirmed in both nerve cell bodies and fibers. In contrast, CR immunoreactivity was found only in nerve fibers of myenteric plexuses, while PA immunoreactivity was found only in nerve cell bodies of submucous plexuses. In the inner circular muscle layer, dense SP-like immunoreactive fibers were prominent but only a few CGRP-like immunoreactivities were observed. Most of SP- and CGRP-like immunoreactive neurons of both plexuses colocalized with CB. This result showed that SP and CGRP may have a important role for the movement of small intestine. The colocalizations of CB with SP or CGRP in myenteric and submucous plexuses suggest that CB may serve neuromodulatory role for SP- and CGRP-immunoreacted neurons on the movement of intestinal wall.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the range of maximum TE that could measure T2 relaxation time accurately by setting diverse maximum TE with using contrast medium phantoms. Contrast medium phantoms ranging from low to high concentrations were made by using Gadoteridol. The relaxation time and relaxation rate were compared and evaluated by conducting T2 mapping by using reference data based on various TEs and data obtained from different maximum TEs. It was found that accurate T2 relaxation time could be expressed only when the maximum TE over a certain range was used in the section with long T2 relaxation time, such as the low concentration section of saline or gadolinium contrast medium. Therefore, the maximum TE shall be longer than the T2 relation time for accurately maturing the T2 relaxation of a certain tissue or a substance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.788-793
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• 1999

To determine the interrelationship between thyroid status and the reparitioning action of clenbuterol (CLE) in broilers, two-week-old female chickens were fed diets containing an antithyroid substance, propylthiouracil (PTU, 0 or 0.3%), CLE (0 to 1 mg/kg), or both for 18 days in a $2{\times}2$ factorial design experiment. Muscle weights (breast muscle, gastrocnemius and peroneus longus) increased only in the normal chickens fed CLE. As absolute mass, protein of leg muscle quantitatively increased in the CLE-fed normal birds. In contrast, inhibition of the CLE-induced protein accretion, especially of peroneus longus, occurred in the PTU group. A quantitative increase in DNA was observed in leg muscles of the normal chickens, but no DNA response to CLE was shown in the PTU-treated chickens. The decreased RNA in leg muscles of the PTU group was more reduced by CLE feeding. Although not statistically significant, the reduced degradation rate of whole muscle protein in normal chickens fed CLE was not confirmed in the PTU-fed group. The present study, therefore, concluded that metabolic action of thyroid hormones was a prerequisite for the hypertrophic effect of ${\beta}$-agonist in broilers.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2011

The function of mulberry leaves and the quality of muffins including mulberry leaves were examined. The electron donating ability of both a water and ethanol extract was 40% for both at 100 ppm, 62 and 72% at 500 ppm, and 77 and 83% at 1,000 ppm respectively. These experiments showed good oxidized substance activity. The SOD-like ability of the water and ethanol extracts at 1,000, 500, and 300 ppm was 49% and 55%, 33% and 39%, and 28% and 33% respectively. These results show that the ethanol extract had higher SOD-like ability than that of the water extract. The nitrite scavenging abilities of 1,000 ppm of the mulberry leaf water extract and ethanol extract at pHs of 1.2 and 3.0 were 40.5 and 47%, and 20 and 22% respectively. The Hunter lightness value tended to be lower as the amount of added mulberry leaves increased compared to the contrast set, so the lightness level with a 7% addition was the lowest. The contrast set was the highest for redness and added mulberry leaves tended to decrease redness at 3% but tended to increase it again with additions >3%. The b-value (yellowness) showed a similar tendency as redness. Adding Mulberry leaves tended to decrease the contrast set to the lowest level, then values increased slowly to a peak at 5% added mulberry leaf and then decreased thereafter. Strength and hardness were less after increasing added mulberry leaf. Cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and brittleness, decreased at up to 5% added mulberry leaves but the 7% addition showed the same level as the contrast set. The mulberry leaves muffins were less preferred to the contrast set in appearance and color. However, the mulberry leaf muffins were preferred to the contrast set in taste and flavor but the result was not significant. Overall the quality of the muffins with 3% added mulberry leaves was preferred over the 1% added mulberry leaf muffins.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.632-636
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• 2005

Design process model represents how a design project proceeds. It encompasses the individual activities of design, their precedence relationships, and the relevant information related to each activity. In contrast to the conventional visual representation methods, ontology-based process model is machine-readable, and therefore it can be implemented in a software system without repeating the whole steps of coding, compiling and link. This paper proposes a framework for design process ontology that defines the relevant objects and attributes in the design process as well as the relationships between them. An example for injection mold design process is shown to explain the substance of the design process model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.827-833
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• 2023

CT(Computed Tomography) contrast agents are commonly used in general hospitals and university hospitals when taking radiographic examinations. The CT contrast medium contains a mixture of a substance called "Iodine", which absorbs radiation energy and makes it appear white in the CT image, further improving the image quality. In addition, the CT contrast agent, which moves like blood in the blood vessels, clearly differentiates it from muscle and water, so CT contrast agents are widely used in hospitals. These CT contrast agents absorb X-rays, but in order to absorb X-rays, they must have a high density or a high radiation absorption coefficient. Since the CT contrast agent is injected into the blood vessels, if the density is high, the blood vessels are strained and the patient is in shock. For this reason, it is necessary to match the density similar to that of water and always pay attention to side effects. In addition, the amount of CT contrast medium is adjusted according to the patient's body shape, and the remaining contrast medium is discarded. However, This study tried to find out the idea of recycling it as a radiation shielding material. Since the CT contrast medium has a high radiation absorption coefficient at a density similar to that of water, the amount to absorb radiation is adjusted, the amount of contrast medium and the amount of water are adjusted, and the amount of radiation absorbed is determined by mixing with water. In addition, a study was conducted to find out the result of the difference in radiation absorption in various ways by comparing the radiation quality coefficient and absorption coefficient with other substances or materials in an environmentally friendly method harmless to the human body by mixing CT contrast medium and water.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.385-390
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• 2012

The relationship between pain stimulation and the blood glucose level was studied in ICR mice. We examined the possible change of the blood glucose level after the pain stimulation induced by acetic acid injected intraperitoneally (i.p.),, formalin injected subcutaneously (s.c.) into the hind paw, or substance P (SP), glutamate, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-${\alpha}$ and IFN-${\gamma}$) injected intrathecally (i.t.). We found in the present study that acetic acid, formalin, SP, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IFN-${\gamma}$ increased the blood glucose level. The blood glucose level reached at maximal state 30 min and returned to normal level 2 h after the pain stimulation in a fasting group. Furthermore, acetic acid, formalin, SP, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IFN-${\gamma}$ caused the elevation of the blood glucose level in D-glucose-fed group only in an additive manner. However, i.t. injection of glutamate did not alter the blood glucose level in a fasting group. In contrast, i.t. injection of glutamate enhanced the blood glucose level in the D-glucose-fed group. Our results suggest that the blood glucose level appears to be differentially regulated by various pain stimulation induced by acetic acid, formalin, SP, glutamate, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.137-146
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• 2018

Soil washing is one of the most frequently used remediation technologies for heavy metal-contaminated soils. Inorganic and organic acids and chelating agents that can enhance the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils have been employed as soil washing agents. However, the toxicity, low removal efficiency and high cost of these chemicals limit their use. Given that humic substance (HS) can effectively chelate heavy metals, the development of an eco-friendly, performance-efficient and cost-effective soil washing agent using a nano-scale chelator composed of HS was examined in this study. Copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) were selected as target heavy metals. In soil washing experiments, HS concentration, pH, soil:washing solution ratio and extraction time were evaluated with regard to washing efficiency and the chelation effect. The highest removal rates by soil washing (69% for Cu and 56% for Pb) were achieved at an HS concentration of 1,000 mg/L and soil:washing solution ratio of 1:25. Washing with HS was found to be effective when the pH value was higher than 8, which can be attributed to the increased chelation effect between HS and heavy metals at the high pH range. In contrast, the washing efficiency decreased markedly in the low pH range due to HS precipitation. The chelation capacities for Cu and Pb in the aqueous phase were determined to be 0.547mmol-Cu/g-HS and 0.192mmol-Pb/g-HS, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.329-334
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to estimating the possibility of manufacturing radiation shielding sheet by searching for environmentally friendly materials suitable for medical environment of medical radiation shielding. There are many tungsten products which are currently used as shielding materials in place of lead, but there are small problems in the mass production of lightweight shielding sheets due to economical efficiency. To solve these problems, a lightweight, environmentally friendly material with economical efficiency is required. In this study, Barium sulphate and Iodine were proposed. Both materials are already used as contrast medias in radiography, and it is predicted that the shielding effect will be sufficient in a certain region as a shielding material because of the characteristic of absorbing radiation. Therefore, in this study, we used a Monte Carlo simulation to simulate radiation shielding materials. When it is a contrast agent such as Barium sulfate and Iodine, the radiation absorption effect in the high energy region appears greatly, and the effectiveness of the two shielding substance in the energy region of the star with thickness of 120 kVp is also evaluated in the medical radiation imaging region. Simulated estimation results it was possible to estimate the effectiveness of shielding for all two substances. Iodine has higher shielding effect than barium sulfate, 0.05 mm thick appears great effect. Therefore, the Monte Carlo simulation confirms that iodine, which is a radiological contrast agent, is also usable as barium sulfate in the production of radiation shielding sheets.