• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.787-798
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• 2011

An arboretum is defined as a collection of facilities that conserve plant species by surveying, collecting, and proliferating and preserving the plants in nature, perform diverse researches on plants and display the plants in exhibition spaces or outdoors as well as provide the public with educational programs and refreshment spaces according to the laws concerned. The public, however, recognizes the exhibition and education functions on plants of arboretum more importantly compared with the roles to survey, collect, and proliferate plants as regulated by the laws. In particular, arboretum plays a role to offer a pivotal educational place in urban area where the public can obtain an hands-on experience and understanding on a wide range of plant species and natural environment. The study aims to estimate the non market environmental values of Daegu Arboretum operated by Daegu Metropolitan City government by using the Contingent Valuation Methods (CVM), which yields the current monetary estimates for the arboretum. The value estimation was undertaken by using the Double-Bound Dichotomous Choice (DBDC) method, and each estimated value was derived from respective functions based on a logit distribution known to include relatively stable estimates according to the shape of the distribution. Considering the statistical fitness test results, the author estimated the amounts of the Willingness To Pay (WTP) such as mean WTP of 12,718 KRW, median WTP of 11,033 KRW, and truncated mean WTP of 11,468 KRW, which represented the annual recreational values per a person visiting Daegu Arboretum respectively. The analysis showed that Daegu Arboretum created the annual environmental values which were estimated to be approximately 16 to 19 billion KRW. The study also has an implication that the valuation method for the environment of Daegu Arboretum may be effectively applied for estimating the values of other types of environmental goods by altering the locations or goods to be analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 1999

Consumer surplus is to be a value concerning a time horizon. Especially it is very important how long time horizon would be chosen in contingent market. This study aimed to provide causes of difference recreation benefits through discount rate in many aspects. The data were collected by personal interviews with visitors in Songnisan National Park. The respondents answered yes or no, dichotomous choice, on recreation benefits according to a chosen time horizon, one year or five years. The probit model was used in the analysis. In order to avoid the truncation bias of upper bound, the median was chosen as the recreation benefits of visitor. As the result, the value was evaluated to be 16,569 Won for one year and 27,111 Won for five years. The discount rate is estimated 153% annually to coincide different recreation benefits. The reasons of the high discount rate were to be interpreted as following five types : (1)uncertainty of future consumption (2)increasing of probability of the substitution owing to increasing of time horizon (3)recognization of different time horizons (4) effect by the price ratio of goods and utility function (5) overestimation of the recreation benefits owing to a basic premium of payment vehicle.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2018

The role of the botanical garden in securing biodiversity, responding to climate change, and sustainable development in modern cities is becoming more important. Private botanical gardens that lead the domestic botanical culture are declining due to complex reasons such as an increase of tourist destinations, lack of policy support, lack of introduction of advanced management strategies, and similar leisure activities to national and public botanical gardens. The Private Botanical Garden not only has a large number of plant species with high conservation value, but also provides various public utilities as a cultural and educational space and government efforts are needed to activate the operation of this amenity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of public functions provided by private botanical gardens using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). In this way, the government aims to provide a basis for policy and institutional support for private botanical gardens. The main results are as follows. First, public utility functions provided by private botanical gardens were recognized as 'preservation' (23.4%), 'recreation and tourism' (17.5%) and 'research' (16.6%) in order of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Second, 'heritage value' (33.0%) and 'existence value' (32.5%) were recognized as significant among the values provided by private botanical gardens. Third, the willingness to pay (WTP) to preserve the public functions of the private botanical garden was 12,234 won. Based on this, the economic value of all private botanical gardens in the whole country was estimated, resulting in about 233.8 billion won. There is a need to revise laws and regulations related to financial support for the revitalization and quality improvement of private botanical gardens. It is also necessary to establish a cooperative operating system between national, public and private botanical gardens.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2005

For economic impact analysis on a R&D project of groundwater remediation in the metropolitan areas conducted as a fundamental research programme of KIGAM from 1998 to 2002, benefit/cost ratio(BCR), net present value(NPV), and internal rate of return(IRR) were calculated using a contingent valuation method(CVM). Measurable direct benefit parameters among the major outputs of this project consist of setup of drinking water facilities and groundwater information data valuation. In this study, economic impact of the project in NPV of year 2002, with applying a discount rate of $10.0\%$, was identified and estimated as 5.09 billion won in cost, 67.69 billion won in benefit, 62.60 billion won in NPV, 13.3 points in BCR, and $152\%$ in IRR, respectively.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2011

1. Objectives : This study aimed to provide practical insights on the development of traditional Korean medical tourism and maximize the satisfaction of foreign patients. The main objectives of this study were also to evaluate Sasang Constitutional Medicine(S.C.M.) diagnosis cost from foreigners' perspectives. 2. Methods : For this study, the data were collected from tourists to Korea between January 3, 2010 to February 20, 2010. The sample used in this study was mainly composed of Japanese, Chines and US/Canada, because they are the major national visitor origin group to Korea. The primary data were collected by questionnaire survey using a standardized instrument with a convenience sampling procedure, and efforts of the interviews involved an on-site, self-administrated questionnaire to those sitting or visiting tourist attractions. The total size of the sample was 276 of which 275 showed no missing value against the factors needed for final analysis and were for analysis as an effective sample. SPSS 13.0 for window was used to analyze the collected data on which descriptive statistics and the Limited Dependent(LIMDEP) 8.0 program was used in estimating the willingness-to-pay(WTP) for traditional Korean medical tourism through the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM). A dichotomous choice question form of a CVM was applied to estimating the value. 3. Results and Conclusion: 1. There was significant statistical relationship between attributes when considering medical tourism destination and socio-demographic profiles such as age group, nationality, educational level and occupation. 2. In the level of recognition on Korean medicine, north Americans showed low level of recognition compared to other nationalities. In addition, in terms of age group, 20's and 30's showed low level of recognition on Korean medicine, 3. In relation to the level of interest on Korean medicine, Japanese respondents had higher interesting level on Korean medicine. Also singles had higher level of interest. 4. Regarding preferred Korean medical treatment program, there found significant statistical relationship between Korean medical treatment program and socio-demographic characteristics. 5. The estimating result of the logit model showed that the variables affecting the WTP for Sasang Constitutional medicine diagnosis were offered price and potential ability of medical tourism destination. 6. In relation to WTP for Sasang Constitutional medicine diagnosis, Japanese respondents showed a WTP of USD 62.69 and Chinese respondents showed USD 57.09. On the other hands, respondents from north America and other countries showed a WTP of USD 65.50. In conclusion, from this study, the results found that the opportunities in tradition Korean medical tourism are immense and the possible rewards are numerous. It is time to continue to promote 'Sasang Constitutional medicine' and make the Korean medical tourism programs considering on nationalities, age group, gender and WTP.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 2016

This study is to analyze the feasibility of a project to digitalize the originals of cadastral maps of North Korea, a total of 299,688 sheets archived in South Korea's National Archives. The cost-benefit analysis is limited on the digitalization of the original cadastral maps of lands, woods and fields, information analysis on land attributes and platform construction, and the benefit analyses are divided into divided territory ones, namely intrinsic value, heritage value, direct and indirect utility value, military and strategic value and the foundation for inter-Korean unification, and post-unification ones such as the confirmation of ownerships, control of social conflicts, reconnection of family lines, arrangement of lot numbers, cadastral management and urban planning. Such benefits are estimated through the double-bound dichotomous choice of the contingent valuation method (CVM). The scenarios show that benefit in the divided territory is expected to reach 586.8billion won in the current value. The amount was calculated from the payable amount (7,925won) multiplied by the whole number of households. The post-unification benefit is estimated at 324.3billion to 594.1billion won as the payable amount (8,023won) is multiplied by the whole number of households.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is two things. First, it is to develop and demonstrate a sharong taxi platform. To this end, the implications for platform development were derived by analyzing consumers' perceptions of existing taxi services using IPA. As a result, abnormal business activities and safe services in the maintenance area were found to be safe rides and easy rides in the key improvement area. Safety such as usage fee level and driver information provision were derived in the areas subject to improvement, and friendly response and internal and external cleanliness were derived in the areas of excessive investment. The second purpose of this study is to estimate the value given to users for sharing taxi service platforms using the CVM. As a result of estimating the value of the demonstration service of the shared taxi platform developed through this study, the WTP was 3,621 won/per household/per year when expanding throughout Gimhae-si, and 2,515 won/per household/per year. Compared to the willingness to pay for empirical services, only 69.5% of the willingness to pay for the spread project in Gimhae-si. This is the result of a combination of service spread to an unspecified number of people and concerns about service quality due to spatial expansion. This suggests that it is necessary to build data through continuous demonstration and to carefully build a roadmap for spread by upgrading services based on this.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to estimate 'willingness to pay' for mobile data service by using contingent valuation method with double bounded dichotomous choice question. The findings are as follows.: First, the willingness to pay of mobile data service is considerably lower than current retail price. Second, the perceived degree of mobile data service such as awareness and benefit recognition is positively related to the willingness to pay of mobile data service. Our results suggest that active promotion and strengthening of the content of mobile data service are needed in order to enhance the profitability of mobile operators. The analysis results will be used to set the mobile operator's pricing strategy and to build up a successful communication policies in the mobile ecosystem.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.139.1-139.1
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• 2010

제 3차 국가에너지기본계획이 시행됨에 따라 전체 에너지 공급량 중 신재생에너지가 차지하는 비율은 점차 늘어날 전망이다. 이와 관련하여 2012년부터 RPS 시행이 확정되었다. RPS(신재생에너지 의무비율할당제)는 신재생에너지에 의한 발전 비율을 설정함으로써 공급을 늘리는 긍정적인 측면이 있으나 이와 동시에 전기요금 인상을 수반한다. 요금 인상으로 인하여 발생할 수 있는 소비자의 반감을 완화시키고 전기요금에 대한 현실적인 합의점을 찾으려면 소비자가 재생에너지 전력에 대하여 어느 정도의 지불의사를 가지고 있는지에 대한 연구가 선행적으로 진행되어야 한다. 한편 RPS의 도입은 신재생에너지 원간 가격경쟁을 촉진시키게 된다. 이 과정에서 성장잠재력이 높은 에너지원이라 하더라도 현재의 발전단가가 높다면 잠재력을 발휘하기 전에 도태될 가능성이 있다. 이러한 RPS 도입의 영향에 대처할 수 있는 정책수립의 기초자료를 마련하기 위해, 재생에너지 전력에 대한 소비자 측면의 효용이 원별로 분석될 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 조건부 가치평가법(Contingent Valuation)을 적용하여 수력, 풍력, 태양광으로 발전된 재생에너지 전력에 대한 지불의사액(Willingness to Pay)을 추정하였다. 단일 설문지 내에서 여러 에너지원에 대한 지불의사액을 순차적으로 물어보게 될 경우, 질문순서가 지불의사액 추정에 편의를 가져오는 순서효과(Sequence Effect)가 발생할 수 있다(Boyle et al.,1993). 이러한 순서효과를 제거하기 위해서 유형에 따라 질문순서를 다르게 하여 각 에너지원에 대한 지불의사액을 묻는 방향으로 설문을 설계하였다. 분석결과 수력, 풍력, 태양광으로 발전한 전력에 대한 지불의사액 간에는 유의한 차이 가 나타나지 않았으며, 순서효과로 인한 편의 또한 지불의사액에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 관측되었다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.5 no.2 s.10
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• pp.29-43
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• 2006

Highway ARS service made several times handling of cellular phone for accept the one information. But, use the cellular phone while driving is against the law that 'Road Traffic Act' and wield influence on safety by degrade driver's attention that causes reduced section of concentration. On this study, propose a new type service that more useful and safer witch improved of existing ARS service to it served for cellular phone. For the analyze problem in existing ARS service, collect and analysis that ARS using status data and highway overall speed data, and then offer a better service type which based on improvements to that. Also, make a comparative analysis including measure of degree about easy to use and safety between two services by using the Stated Preference method, as a result of verifies the effect of new type service Finally, for measure of the effect the value of improved ARS service type that used willingness to pay in CVM method.