• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.437-444
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• 2017

Christopher Nolan's film "Inception (2012)", which depicts the world of dreams as a unique space-time and opens a new chapter in the expression of dreams, portrays the dreamy world of unconsciousness. However, I can find limitations and contradictions in the expression of the actual dreams and essence of unrealistic structures and forms. I can find David Lynch's movies "Mulholland drive (2001)", which are closer to Freud's psychoanalysis in expressing the actual presentation process of dreams Through comparative analysis, I try to analyze the interpretation and context of the dream mentioned by Freud. The film "Inception" can be appreciated in terms of space time and rich imagination created from the point of view of science fiction movies, but it shows that logical reasonability is weak in view of applying the essence of dream. On the other hand, the film "Mulholland Drive" describes the illogical, confusing and unhappy feeling of unconsciousness by giving logic and order based on the interpretation of Freud's psychoanalytic dreams, is. In this way, it is possible to portray more realistic scenes of dreams only through the portrayal of dreams and unconsciousness based on Freud's psychoanalytic viewpoint.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.501-513
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• 2020

Femvertising campaigns are more easily observed in oversea rather than in Korea. Most recently, not only global companies but local consumer goods companies launched several femvertising campaigns. However, no research was done on effects of femvertising in Korea. Thus, this study will explore Korean college students' understanding of, attitude toward, and effects of femvertising through focus group interviews. Study results found that college students have low level of understanding on the concept of femvertising. However, they are somewhat familiar with contents of femvertising. Femvertising is believed to have positive impacts on gender equality and female empowerment whereas there are growing concerns over commercializing feminism. Study participants, regardless of gender, suggest that femvertising could influence consumers' attitude toward advertising and brand, but they are skeptical of purchase intention. Lastly, female participants suggest that femvertising, compared to traditional advertising, will enhance attitude toward ads and brand, and even have a positive impact on feminism. However, male participants suggest that femvertising may exacerbate the gender conflict between males and females which is called as 'misandry' or 'misogyny'.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.527-538
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• 2020

This research measures the urgency and importance listening to experts' opinions as a proposal for vitalization of folk modern dance groups. Firstly, the open type FGI(Focus Group Interview) was implemented for five groups of an expert by applying the new industry foster theory, and total 24 types of second questionnaire were developed through importantly referred or repeated contents. They were distributed to 20 people including a dance group representative, a planner, a university professor and etc to measure experts' importance and urgency. In the research result, For big list, Financial aid for both importance and urgency appear first, and for comparative analysis of importance and urgency for small list, differences in infrastructure construction are shown. "expansion of dance program's advertisement channels" and "rank 1" appeared in "Secure space for dancers". Suggestions for analyzing such results are as follows. It is shown that "detailed financial aid for the operation of dance groups" and etc in the aspect of financial aid, "the employment of professional human resources including design and producing etc" in that of performance and education related production development, "training a dancer who can assimilate a complex genre" in that of manpower training, "arrangement of exclusive space for a dance group" in that of infrastructure building, and "the employment of professional human resources including design and producing etc" in that of consulting support are important and urgent matters considered by experts.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.118-132
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• 1999

To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of public health personnel training, we evaluated not only how appropriate the students felt the objectives, contents, methods and multimedia used in the train ing courses, but also how much the students accomplished the objectives and applied skill and knowledge to their own works. We selected 5 courses for the study : Tuberculosis control, Radiological technique, Public health information, Immunization, Mental health management courses used by Kirkpatrick's evaluation model. Reaction evaluation was carried out in final day by questionnaire. The results showed that all of them were very satisfied with educational input and curricula, learn Ing environment. Secondly, we measured the degree of learning achievement on pre and post training by questionaire of specific behavioral objectives. The degree of learning achievement was statistically higher just after training than pre training (paired t-test, p<0.01). Thirdly, evaluation of behavioral change to job was conducted to find out how much students applied skill and knowledge to their own job in 3 months after training by questionnaire. The results of behavioral change evaluation showed that 43.5% of the students who were performing job related with the training courses in 3 months after training applied the learned skill and knowledge to their own job quite well and 37.8% of them applied relatively well, therefore total 81.4% of them applied to their own job. And effectiveness of training for the above mentioned students showed that 41.9 % of them had improved or enforced their jobs after training, 35.5% of them had had no remarkable changes, and 15.7% had newly applied the learned skill and knowledge to their jobs. For evaluating the degree of usefulness of material predistribution in two weeks before training, we compared experimental groups with control groups. The results showed that general reactions are helpful but the degree of learning achievement is no discrepancy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.3 s.160
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• pp.161-167
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• 2005

Above and belowground biomass for Phyllostachys pubescens was determined in Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do. Regression analyses of dry weights of culms, foliages, and twigs versus diameter at breast height were used to calculate regression equations of the form of log Y = a + blogX. Total aboveground biomass for Phyllostachys pubescens was 69.7 ton/ha and rhizomes and roots biomass were 13.7 ton/ha and 7.5 ton/ha, respectively. Culms account for about 60% of total aboveground biomass. The aboveground biomass of each component was decreased in the order of culms>foliages>twigs. As diameter at breast height grew thicker, the proportion of culms to total aboveground biomass increased. The proportion of dry weight of culms to green weight gradually increased with height in a bamboo tree and ages. Nutrients (kg/ha) of litter layer were distributed as follows: N(45.1), Ca(17.3), K(6.1), Mg(3.6), P(3.5) and Na(0.7). Nitrogen and K were given much weight in total nutrients of rhizomes and roots. These results will be useful in measuring carbon stock and drawing up management plan to increase it for Phyllostachys pubescens stand.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.12A
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• pp.1309-1318
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• 2004

The rapid growth of the mobile Internet has enabled its application area to expand, and its users want services that require more bandwidth for multimedia services. There are limits to support the various multimedia service to mobile station provided by existing mobile communications. The wireless MAN called the IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access systems which the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN is similar to wireline Internet service being able to supper a various contents is used and is designed to consider a handoff is studying. Especially, TG(Task Group)e of IEEE 802.16 is in progress discussion to support a handoff to higher layer using BS(Base Station) or unit of sector, to UC. Yet a scheme is not detail. This thesis proposes the network model for IEEE 802.16e to support a soft handoff between BSs to use a mobile communication network called cdma2000 Ix EV-DO network. The proposed network model supports soft handoff to add a management skill in MA of each BS for MC(Mobility Controller). The proposed network model has merits that is able to apply existing systems as it is and that is able to use a various multimedia service, when using a wireless Internet.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2001

One-year-old cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) clones, which were classified as sensitive or tolerant, were exposed to 150 n1/1 ozone (O$_3$) over 8 days for 8 hours each day under glass chamber conditions with natural sunlight. The leaves of the sensitive clone had black stipple and bifacial necrosis after $O_3$ treatment. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were measured before, during, and after the $O_3$ treatment. The photosynthetic rates due to $O_3$ treatment were decreased 51 percent and 34 percent on the sensitive and tolerant clone, respectively. The stomatal conductance of the sensitive clone was more than 40 percent higher than that of the tolerant clone regardless of the $O_3$ treatment. As light intensity increased, the $O_3$ effect on photosynthesis was clear. Compared to the previous growth chamber studies, our natural light exposure system was able to maintain a stable photosynthetic responses of the control treatment throughout the fumigation period. In addition, changes in assimilation versus intercellular $CO_2$ concentration (A/C curves) showed that $O_3$ decreased the slope and asymptote of the curves for the sensitive clone. This indicates that $O_3$ decreases the biochemical capacity of photosynthesis on the sensitive clone. Chlorophyll contents and fluorescence of the two clones were analyzed to examine the $O_3$ effects on photosystem 11, but $O_3$ did not impact these variables on either clone. Although the tolerant clone did not show any foliar injury, we could not find any ecophysiological defensive responses to $O_3$ treated. Stomatal conductance of the tolerant clone was originally much lower than that of the sensitive one. Thus, the mechanisms of the tolerant clone in this system are to narrowly open stomata and efficiently maintain photosynthesis with a more durable biochemical apparatus of photosynthesis under $O_3$ stress. The sensitive clone has higher photosynthetic capacity and more efficient light reaction activity than the tolerant one under charcoal filtered condition, but is not as resilient under stress.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2001

We created an environmental forest on the basis of ecological design around the incineration plant of Jindo Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd., which is located in Jeongwang-dong, Siheung-si, Kyunggi-do. To get ecological information of this site, physico-chemical properties of soil on salt marsh, which is located close to the syudy site and of forest soil transported from other sites for ecological restoration were analyzed. Texture of salt marsh and transported soils were loam and sandy loam, respectively. pH, organic matter, T-N, available P, and exchangeable K and Na contents of salt marsh and transported forest soils were 6.7 and 5.4, 4.1 and 0.4%, 1.0 and 0.3mg/g, 46.7 and 6.8ppm, 521 and 207ppm, and 3.8 and 0.5mg/g, respectively. Introduced plants were selected among the dominant species of forests and the species composing the potential natural vegetation around the present study site. Those plants were selected again by considering the tolerances to air pollution and to salt, and their availability. Selected trees were Pinus thunbergii, Sophora japonica, Celtis sinensis, Quercus aliena, Q. serrata, Q. dentata, and Q. acutissima. Selected sub-trees were Albizzia julibrissin, Koelreuteria poniculata, and Styrax japonica and shrubs were Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, R. mucronulatum, Callicarpa japonica, Euonymus alatus, E. japonica, and R. schlippenbachii. On the other hand, introduction of herbs was not considered except for Liriope platyphylla, which was ornamentally planted in one site. Planting bed of mound type was adopted to provide the fine drainage system. Mound was designed to furnish litter, A, B, and C layers simuating the profile of forest soil. Slope of mound was mulched by rice straw of 2cm in thickness to prevent for sliding of litter and soil in cases of strong wind or heavy rain. Height of mound was designed to secure more than 1 m by combining A and B layers. Narrow zones, in which mound with stable slope degree cannot be prepared, was designed to equip the standard soil depth with the introduction of stone for supporting. On the other hand, plants with shallow root system were arranged in some zones, in which satisfactory soil depth cannot be ensured. Plants were arranged in the order of tree, sub-tree, and shrub from center to edge on the mound to make a mature forest of a dome shape in the future. Dispersion of plants was designed to be random pattern rather than clumped one. Problems on creation of the environmental forest by such ecological design were found to be management or inspection by non-specialized project operators and inspecting officers, and regulations for construction without ecological background. Alternative plans to solve such problems were suggested.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.291-297
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• 2018

Vertical farming systems offer many advantages in urban spaces. They have also been proposed as an engineering solution to increase the productivity per unit area of cultivated land by extending crop production in the vertical dimension. However, soil water retention is a major constraint affecting the plant environment. This study analyzed the effects of growth environment of Tropaeolum majus and Fragaria spp., on the vertical farming system, by using four different types of cover material types including sphagnum moss (Control), a shading net (S.N.), multi-layered fabric (M.L.F.), and non-woven fabric (N.W.F.). The volumetric soil moisture contents and plant characteristics were investigated from May to September 2014. Plant materials were individually cultivated in hanging baskets measuring $30{\times}17{\times}17cm$, filled with a mixture of soil and perlite, and placed at 1.5m height. Each treatment was performed in quadruplicate and consisted of five plants, amounting to a total of 20 plants. The analysis indicated that different covers were associated with multiple functions and soil water retention improvements may have a positive impact on the vertical farming system. The difference in soil water retention increased in the following order: M.L.F. > Control > N.W.F. > S.N.. Furthermore, the differences in plant height and survival rate increased in the following order: M.L.F. > Control > N.W.F. > S.N. Therefore, M.L.F yielded satisfactory good response for the vertical farming system of cover materials. Our results clearly demonstrate that vertical spaces represent an attractive alternative to urban farming and suggest that further increases in yield may be achieved via different cover materials in vertical farming using hanging baskets.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2005

In other to recycle the waste concrete produced in stiu on the construction and management in highway, the recycled aggregates were experimentally examined in a practical application for anti-freezing layer and lean concrete base course. From the results, the mobile impact crusher and the eccentric-mounted cone and jaw were superior to the others for the graded aggregates. In the case of anti-freezing layer, the recycled one was easily controlled since the dry densities, contrary to natural one, were not largely changed with the moisture contents. It was found that the 7days compressive strengths of lean concrete were above the 10MPa regardless of the crushing types. From the result of testing the bearing capacity of anti-freezing layer, it was found that when the recycled aggregates mixed with natural sand would be within the required gradations, the layer meets the requirements of limitation and the percentage to passing 2-20mm sieve increased by 5~13% because the flimsy mortars on aggregate were re-crushed by vibrated-roller compactor. Although the compressive strength of lean concrete was 71~85% of the natural coarse aggregate, the recycled aggregates are applicable to the lean concrete because they largely exceeded the required strength, 5.8MPa.