• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC Recent Advances in Paper Science and Technology
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• pp.239-244
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• 1999

aluminum sulfate (alum) as a representative retention aid in papermaking processes was added to pulp suspensions, and the aluminum components adsorbed on the pulp were investigated quantitatively by two types of X-ray elementary analyses with regard to simultaneous changes of their surface charges. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray fluorescence analysis (XFA) were applied to determine the aluminum components retained in pulp pads up to ca. 10 nm and 100${\mu}$m depth, respectively. In other words, XPS was utilized to analyze the outermost surface layers of the samples, and XFA was available for measurement of their extensive regions. A particle charge detector (PCD) was used to monitor streaming potentials at various pHs of the pulp mixtures under moderate sharing conditions. At pH 4.5 of pulp suspensions containing alum, surface charges of pulp fibers varied from negative to slight negative (approximately neutral) according to adsorption of aluminum components onto the pulp fibers. Subsequently, when a dilute NaOH solution in limited amounts was added to pulp mixtures, both streaming potentials and surface aluminum content of the pulp fibers increased distinctly although little total aluminum retention increased. Further addition of alkali solutions brought drastic decreases of the surface charges and surface aluminum content, while total aluminum content, on the contrary, increased gradually under neutral conditions. These results indicate that residual aluminum ions remained in pulp suspensions are predominantly adsorbed on surfaces of pulp fibers by adequate alkali additions and they must sufficiently cationize the fiber surfaces with increases of somewhat cationic aluminum complexes formed on the surfaces. On the other hand, aluminum components formed in higher pH ranges have nearly no contribution to improvement of charge properties of the pulp fiber surfaces, even though aluminum retention in pulp pads increases. XPS and XFA analyses combined with streaming potential measurement using a PCD suggest close relationships between aluminum content on the pulp fiber surfaces and their charge properties.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.507-517
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• 2020

컴퓨터 그래픽스, 실시간 렌더링, 모션 캡처, 인공지능 기술의 발전과 함께 양방향 소통이 가능한 가상존재가 콘텐츠 산업에 등장하였다. 기술 및 플랫폼의 상용화로 인해 양방향 소통 가상존재가 제작되고 있지만, 가상존재들이 어떤 특성이 있으며 각 분야에서 어떻게 활용될 수 있을 것인지에 대한 분석이 부족하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 가상존재 제작을 위한 기술적 배경조사와 사례연구를 통해 양방향 소통 가상존재가 감정 교류에 필요한 특성에 대해 분석한다. 감정 교류에 필요한 특성은 상호작용, 개성, 자율성으로 나누어졌으며, 이 특성들을 중심으로 가상존재를 분류하며 양방향 소통 가상존재가 콘텐츠 분야에서 어떻게 활용될 것인지에 대해 고찰한다. 본 연구는 가상존재 제작에 필요한 기술적 배경 조사와 가상존재가 양방향 소통에 필요한 특성을 분석하는 기초연구로써 앞으로 가상존재를 활용한 콘텐츠 제작 및 활용 연구에 있어 유의미한 시사점을 제공할 것이라고 기대한다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the bacteriophage removal in various clay minerals and clay-amended soils. Batch experiments in kaolinite, montmorillonite, and bentonite showed that kaolinite was far more effective at the MS2 removal than montmorillonite and bentonite. In kaolinite, the log removal increased from 0.046 to 2.18, with an increase in the adsorbent dose from 0.3 to $50g\;L^{-1}$, whereas the log removals in montmorillonite and bentonite increased from 0.007 to 0.40 and from 0.012 to 0.59, respectively. The MS2 removal in kaolinite-amended silt loam soils was examined at three different soil-to-solution (STS) ratios. Results indicated that the log removal of MS2 increased with an increase in the kaolinite content and the STS ratio. At the STS ratio of 1:10, the log removal of MS2 increased from 2.33 to 2.80 with an increase in the kaolinite content from 0% to 10% in kaolinite-amended soils. The log removals of MS2 at the STS ratios of 1:2 and 1:1 increased from 2.84 to 3.47 and from 3.46 to 4.76, respectively, with an increase in the kaolinite content from 0% to 10%. Results also indicated that the log removals of PhiX174 and $Q{\beta}$ in kaolinite-amended soils were similar to each other, but they were far lower than those of MS2 at all the kaolinite contents. The log removal of PhiX174 increased from 0.16 to 0.32, whereas the log removal of $Q{\beta}$ changed from 0.17 to 0.22 with an increase in the kaolinite content from 0% to 10%.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2013

Market available fermented indigo powders of Indian origin (FI1, FI2), Chinese origin (FC1, FC2), and raw indigo powders of Indian origin (R1, R2) were examined using TLC and HPLC analyses to investigate their pigment contents. TLC analysis gave $R_f$ values of 0.81 and 0.72 for blue and red pigments, respectively. All the powder products and the synthetic and natural indigo standards eluted at 6.9 min and 8.3 min in the HPLC chromatograms, and the peaks showed the ${\lambda}_{max}$ at 610nm and 542nm, representing indigotin and indirubin, respectively. The pigment content calculated based on the area of indigotin and indirubin peaks in the HPLC chromatograms showed that the indigotin content was higher in FC1 and FC2, while FI1 and FI2 had a higher indirubin content. The relative percentage of indirubin was the highest in R2, but the HPLC peak intensity was quite low. Despite the higher indigotin content in FC1 and FC2, cotton dyed with FI1 and FI2 (versus cotton dyed with FC1 and FC2) showed a higher blue (B) hue, the highest K/S values, and the highest antimicrobial effect.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.466-475
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant effects of Yakju added with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower during fermentation. Methods: The quality characteristics and antioxidant effects were estimated including pH, amino acidity, total acid, ethanol content, color value, sensory test, electric donating ability, nitrite-scavenging ability, and ferrous ion chelating effect. Results: The pH values of Yakjus added with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower were decreased after 2 days of fermentation and then increased after 4 days of fermentation, with final pH ranging from 4.15 to 4.27. Total acid content and amino acidity were increased during fermentation. The ethanol content in Yakjus fermented with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower was rapidly increased after 2 days of fermentation, reaching the maximum content of 19.1% after 8 days of fermentation. In color evaluation, the L values of Yakjus added with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower did not changes during fermentation, whereas values of a and b were increased. Total phenolic compound contents in Yakjus added with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower were 0.67, 0.59, and 0.52 mg/mL, respectively. Total flavonoid contents in Yakjus added with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower were 0.20, 0.09, and 0.26 mg/mL, respectively. In sensory test, the overall acceptability of Yakjus added with cockscomb flower was higher than that of Yakju added with rose or camellia flower. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05). Electron donating ability and nitrite-scavenging abilities were the highest in Yakjus added with rose flower, whereas ferrous ion chelating effect was the highest in Yakjus added with cockscomb flower. Conclusion: These results indicated that Yakjus added with rose, camellia, or cockscomb flower might have valuable functional properties due to their antioxidant effects.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.403-410
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• 1994

국내에서 생산되고 있는 공장산 고추장의 제조후 경과기간에 따른 품질특성치의 변화를 구명하기 위하여 시제된 공장산 고추장을 $37^{\circ}C$에서 105일간 저장하면서 고추장의 품질변화를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 환원당은 저장 15일까지는 비교적 큰폭으로 감소한 다음 완만하게 감소하였다. 또한 유리당으로는 glucose, fructose, maltose가 검출되었으며 이중에서는 glucose가 가장 많았다. 유리아미노산 함량은 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 감소하는 경향이었다. 즉, 저장초기 유리아미노산 총량은 2092.50mg%에서 저장 60일후 22.3% 정도 감소하였으며 90일 후에는 1360.57mg%로 저장초기에 비해 35% 정도가 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 저장기간중 전반적으로 효소활성은 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았으나, 증성 protease의 활성이 미약하나마 완만하게 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 수분함량 및 수분활성도는 각각 저장기간의 증가에 비례하여 감소하는 추세를 보였으며, 양자간의 상관계수는 r=0.964였다. 저장기간의 경과에 따른 겉보기점도는 증가하였으며, 수분함량보다는 수분 활성도에 의해 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2020

본 연구는 현재 한국 콘텐츠 업계가 처한 국내외 환경하에서 우리가 전략적으로 융합해야 할 시장인 아세안 시장에서의 한-아세안 공동 제작 융합 방안을 모색하는 데 목적을 두어 실시되었다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위한 연구 내용은 아세안 5개국 방송 프로그램 시청자를 대상으로, 조사 방법은 사례 조사 분석 연구를 실시하였다. 첫째, 2018년도 상반기 중 아세안 5개국의 한국 콘텐츠 방영 현황, 둘째, 아세안 5개국의 한국 방송 프로그램에 대한 이용 및 인식 현황, 셋째, 아세안 5개국의 방송 프로그램 공동 제작에 대한 이용 및 인식 현황, 넷째, 한국과의 공동 제작 방송 프로그램에 대한 이용 및 인식 현황, 마지막으로 아세안 5개국 내 한국과의 국제 공동 제작 사례를 분석하였다. 이상을 통해, 본 연구에서는 한-아세안 공동 제작은 현재 한국 콘텐츠 업계가 처한 국내외 환경하에서 전략적으로 융합해야 할 것을 제안하였다는 데 가치가 있다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The increase of OCC solid content after wet pressing will save drying energy greatly. We applied spacers, which used to increase draining rate and bulk in fiber furnishes, to increase the OCC solid contents. MDF fibers (fibers for making medium density fiberboard) and diatomaceous earth were used as spacers, and added 10% by weight to the OCC fiber furnish. Application of high wet pressing pressure to the mixed furnish of spacers and refined OCC did not deteriorate bulk and drainage rate, but their solid contents were increased to 0.5-1.5% without loss of compressive strength when compared to those of unrefined OCC, which is the furnish normally used for mill commercial practice. It is believed that the spacers caused the rate of solid content increase faster in the mixed furnish with OCC at high wet pressing pressure area than the unrefined OCC furnish did. Little amount of starch addition (0.5%) to the spacers helped to keep the strength properties.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2010

Cooking drips which were obtained as by-product after seafood processing in the food industries, still contain lots of proteins, carbohydrates, and other functional materials. But, the seafood cooking drips are easily contaminated because of its rich nutrients, and their color are very dark. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gamma irradiation on the quality of seafood cooking drips including Hizikia fusiformis, Enteroctopus dofleini, and Thunnus thynnus. The Hunter's color values (L, Brightness) of H. fusiformis, and T. thynnus were increased with increasing irradiation doses, showing becoming bright. The crude protein content and crude lipid content were increased by gamma irradiation. These results indicated that gamma irradiation increased extraction efficiency of available compounds in cooking drips.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2018

강은 자동차 제조업체 및 전기 제품에 많이 사용되고 있으나 부식으로 많은 문제점이 발생한다. 이러한 부식문제를 해결하기 위해 강 위에 아연전기도금을 두껍게 하고 있다. 그러나 아연 도금의 두께가 두꺼워지면 부품 제조 시 크렉이 발생하기 쉬우며, 이로 인해 부식이 더욱더 악화될 수 있다. 이러한 부식 문제를 해결하기 위해 아연과 크롬합금도금에 관심이 집중되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 염화욕에서 합금도금의 조성에 미치는 전해조건의 영향을 조사하였다. 전류밀도가 증가함에 따라 Zn함량이 감소하고 Cr함량은 증가하였다. 전해액 온도가 증가함에 따라 Zn함량이 감소하고 Cr함량은 증가하였으며, 그 결과는 음극분극곡선으로 가지고 해석되었다.