• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1147-1151
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• 2018

As personal users create and share lots of contents at any time and any places, new networking architecture such as content centric networking (CCN) has emerged. CCN utilizes content name as a packet identifier, not address. However, current CCN has a limitation for content source mobility management. The movement of content sources cause long delivery latency and long service disruption. To solve that, a hierarchical mobility management was was proposed. However, the hierarchical mobility management scheme has still the loss of interest packets and long handoff latency. So, this paper presents the hybrid hierarchical mobility management in mobile CCN environements to reduce both the loss rate of interest packets and the handoff latency. It is shown from the performance evaluations shows that the proposed scheme provides low loss rate of control message.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.1201-1209
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• 2009

Recently, the convergence of the telecommunications industry through the development of network media has brought along interactive data services in addition to the traditional broadcast services by providing direct connections between the users and the broadcasters. This can be easily achieved by the combination of existing network technology and multimedia technology, but in reality, as seen in the actual implementation of IPVT, it's difficult to provide satisfactory levels of service to users due to issues of network bandwidth and problems of streaming system. In particular, a network which is able to fully support Qos/QoE, and also a fast enough channel changing technology that is satisfactory to the user, are prerequisites for IPTV success. Therefore this thesis proposes a fast channel changing technique to delivery enhanced IPTV user experience. Recent IP set-top-boxes use only a small portion of the CPU to feed Ethernet packets to the hardware decoder and play them. Thus, by making IP set-top-boxes share cached channel information and content with each other, reducing the load on the server and enhancing the channel changing time is made possible.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.122-138
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• 2015

This research examines factors affecting behavioral intention to use integrated platform (IP), which is one of the business models regarding paid digital contents, based on extended United Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). IP is a service which is designed to make digital content charged. It combines digitalized format of newspaper, premium news or behind news, and additional information. The results of this paper show that effort expectancy, social influence and hedonic motivation have positive relationship with behavioral intention to use IP (BI). Satisfaction with newspaper shows negative relationship with BI, which means that newspaper and IP can be replaced with each other. Newspaper subscribers tend to have higher BI than non-subscribers. Performance expectancy, gender, age, and satisfaction with website do not have significant effect on BI.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.285-290
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• 2018

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is one of the future communication technologies in which it offers safe-driving information and Internet access for both drivers and passengers by communicating among cars on the road. In case of applying Content Centric Network (CCN) rather than TCP/IP over VANET, called VCCN, it can provide efficient multicast communication of shared information among participating cars as well as offer corresponding one-to-one communications. This paper introduces SUMO for simulating traffic flows, VANET for car-to-car ad hoc communications, and CCN for a future Internet architecture. In addition, it compares and analyses the transmission performance of moving cars over VCCN. According to the simulation results using SUMO and VCCN, the larger the packet size, the better the transmission performance. In addition, VCCN provides higher packet transmission rate than that of TCP/IP when the clients shares the same contents. Furthermore, the overall data reception rate exceeds the physical transmission channel rate.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.69-75
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• 2021

Limitation of the TCP/IP network technology included in the vehicle communication is due to the frequent mobility of the vehicle, the increase in intermittent connection requirements, and the constant presence of the possibility of vehicle hacking. VNDN technology enables the transfer of the name you are looking for using textual information without the need for vehicle identifiers like IP/ID. In addition, intermittent connectivity communication is possible rather than end-to-end connection communication. The data itself is the subject of communication based on name-based forwarding using two types of packets: Interest packet and Data packet. One of the issues to be solved for the realization of infotainment services under the VNDN environment is the traffic explosion caused by data broadcasting. In this paper, we analyze and compare the existing technologies to reduce the data broadcast storm. Through this, we derive and analyze the requirements for presenting the best data mitigation technique for solving the data explosion phenomenon in the VNDN environment. We expect this paper can be utilized as prior knowledge in researching improved forwarding techniques to resolve the data broadcast explosion in connected vehicles over NDN.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.437-441
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• 2012

This study was conducted to find out the optimum container for increasing acclimatization rate of in vitro mass propagated plantlets of Ever-bearing strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa Duch.) via bioreactor. Four types of containers were used such as transparent plastic container (TPC), plug tray (PT), I-pot (IP), and black vinyl pot (BVP). Number of date maintaining soil water content above 10% was five days in TPC, three to four days in BVP, two days in PT, and one day in IP. Survival rate of plantlets was 80% in BVP, 70% in TPC, 55% in IP, and 15% in PT. In TPC, growth increment of plantlets was the greatest among all the tested containers and the lowest in IP. Numbers of runner per plant were 3.3 in BVP, 2.9 in TPC, 1.6 in PT, and 1.2 in IP. Total cost was 44,405,300 won/10 a in BVP, resulting in reducing more 6,659,400 won/10 a than IP's (51,064,700 won/10 a). Around 102,718 plants/10 a were produced by using BVP, suggesting that 30,265.1 plants/10 a more could be produced than IP (72,452.9 plants/10 a). Production cost per plant was 432.3 won in BVP, resulting in reducing 272.5 won than IP's (704.8 won). As a result, BVP was appropriate for acclimatization of in vitro plantlets through bioreactor system.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.327-338
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• 2014

This study proposes the evolution model of emerging media platform including smart media (M-IPTV, Smart TV) and IPTV, through a spiral evolution model based on the theory of the exploration & the exploitation. Authors suppose that the IP media evolved from IPTV technology, evolution of which has come through the development model of serial circular process. For explanation of this evolution, we propose the research model integrating the spiral model and the exploration & exploitation theory. Researchers define the smart media as the evolved media from IPTV, through this proposed model. We expect this model to be the theoretical base of media regulation and setting direction of future media service. Thus, this research are summed up as follows. To begin with, we classify the evolutionary stage of IPTV from the view points of service feature, regulation frame and technological characters. Secondly, we organize and confirm the research model of IPTV evolution through case analysis of the 3 cycles of each evolutionary stage. As a result, discussion of this study helps understanding mobile IP media and smart media as a post IPTV and leads the solution of various regulation issues and the development of the innovative media service and content. In addition, it can guide the government for the evolutionary direction to promote the media and the content industry.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.222-237
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• 2002

Effects of high and low levels of feeding with or without protected protein on the performance of lactating goats were studied. Twenty four German Fawn goats either from 1st ($43.37{\pm}3.937$ kg and 2 year old) or 3rd $62.64{\pm}6.783$ kg and 4-5 year old) parity were used for the trial. Feeding levels were 7.2 (I) and 5.2 (II) MJ ME/litre of milk of 3.5% fat in addition to that of the maintenance allowance. At each feeding level, diet had either unprotected (U) or formaldehyde protected (P) soya-meal. Thus, four diets were IU, IP, IIU and IIP, having six animals in each. The diets were composed of hay and pellet (10:4:1 of beet pulp : barley : soya-meal). Effect of feeding level, protein protection, parity, health status and kid number on intake, milk yield, milk composition, growth rate of goats were recorded across the 21 weeks of study. High feeding level resulted increase (p<0.001) in estimated metabolizable energy (ME) and metabolizable protein (MP) availability. Dietary inclusion of protected soya-meal increased (p<0.001) the estimated MP but not the ME availability. Animals in 1st parity ate more (p<0.001) DM (111 vs. 102 g/kg $W^{0.75}$/d) than those in 3rd parity. Animals with twin kids (110 g/kg $W^{0.75}$/d) had higher (p<0.001) DM intake than those with single kid (102 g/kg $W^{0.75}$/d). Fat (4%) corrected milk (FCM) yield was not effected by high (1,924 g/d) or low (1,927 g/d) feeding level but increased (p<0.001) with protected (2,166 g/d) compared with unprotected (1,703 g/d) soya-meal. FCM yield for four dietary combinations were 1,806, 2,078, 1,600 and 2,254 g/d for diets IU, IP, IIU and IIP, respectively. For unit increase (g) in estimated MP availability relative to ME (MJ) intake, FCM yield increased ($1,418{\pm}275.6$) g daily ($r^2$=0.58; p<0.001). Milk fat (3.14 vs. 3.54%; p<0.001) and protein (2.94 vs. 3.04% p<0.05) contents were lower at high than the low feeding level. Protected protein increased (p<0.001) the fat, lactose and net energy (NE) content of milk. Milk urea concentration of 175, 183, 192 and 204 mg/l for diets IU, IP, IIU and IIP, respectively indicated lower RDP content of these diets. The RDP contents were 6.97, 6.70, 7.30 and 6.83 g/MJ of ME for diets IU, IP, IIU and IIP, respectively. Live weight change over the experimental period were 41, 6, 17 and 19 g/d. Absence of any positive response of high feeding was probably due to inefficient rumen fermentation resulting from inadequate RDP supply. Protected protein improved production performance apparently by increasing MP:ME ratio in the absorbed nutrient.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.430-435
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• 2015

IP-based, next generation digital broadcast systems transmit DASH segment files. Designed by the DASH system, DASH segment files provide variable quality of contents, while the size of DASH segment files varies even if the file has the same quality. Delays and inefficient use of resources are major challenges in the transmission of variable size DASH segment files in broadcasting systems. Traditional broadcasting transmission systems are designed according to characteristics of physical layer of broadcast, and thus, delay and inefficient resources use is difficult to find. Yet, transmission content quantities continue to rise in the next-generation broadcasting systems (e.g. FHD, UHD (4k, 8k)) with variability of the segments file size as well. Resources for next-generation broadcast are more abundant than traditional broadcast with recent development, but continue to be limited and fixed. Resource delay and inefficiency are important but has not been extensively studied. We propose a transmission structure solution to analyze the delay and efficiency of the resource as each DASH segment file is transmitted, and have further performed simulation studies.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.5B
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• pp.430-441
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• 2006

As the various A/V devices and home networks are delivered to users, home networks are changing to an entertainment network. It is expected that the required network bandwidth and the amount of usage of media content in home entertainment networks will be increased. Although the access networks and home networks becoming a high speed network, there remains the problems for QoS-guaranteed media content transfer in home networks. Also, in the home network, there can be network traffic caused by applications like video conferencing, video telephone, and VoIP(voice over IP) as well as inner network traffic of home network. Since media content transfer requires the real-time delivery, it is very important and basic requirement that is to transfer media content to A/V device user wants while keeping the media quality. Even though there are many middleware protocol for home networking, they provide basic device discovery and control or simple functions for QoS-guaranteed media content transfer that are not enough to provide QoS-guaranteed media transfer service that user wants. Thus, in this paper, we propose the technique based on UPnP(universal plug and play) protocol for QoS-guaranteed media content transfer in the home network. The proposed technique is compatible with UPnP and can be used with UPnP as additional functions. In this paper, we utilize VideoLAN application to verify the proposed technique. We add the additional modules that support the proposed technique's function to VideoLAN and we verify the its functions through various test scenarios.