• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.3105-3105
• /
• 2001

Ingests and fecal contamination on a poultry carcass is a food safety hazard due to potential microbiological contamination. A visible/near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer was used to discriminate among pure ingesta and fecal material, breast skin contaminated with ingesta or fecal material and uncontaminated breast skin. Birds were fed isocaloric diets formulated with either maize, mile, or wheat and soybean meal for protein requirements. Following completion of the feeding period (14 days), the birds were humanely processed and eviscerated to obtain ingests from the crop or proventriculus and feces from the duodenum, ceca, and colon portion of the digestive tract. Pure feces and ingesta, breast skin, and contaminated breast skin were scanned from 400 to 2500 nm and analyzed from 400 to 900 nm. Principal component analysis (PCA) of reflectance spectra was used to discriminate between contaminates and uncontaminated breast skin. Results indicate that visible (400 to 760 nm) and NIR 760-900 nm spectra can detect contaminates. From PCA analysis, key wavelengths were identified for discrimination of uncontaminated skin from contaminates based the evaluation of loadings weights.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2010.09a
• /
• pp.1217-1224
• /
• 2010

These days, the maintenance of closed waste landfill come to the fore social problem such as legal maintenance period, after closed maintenance deposits, stability evaluation guides and environmental survey for closed landfill management. Therefore the many non-sanitary closed waste landfill has been removed by selection and transfer to sanitary landfill and incineration. When the remove the non-sanitary landfill, the pollution level of bottom soil was investigated by related government law. In this case study, the soil contamination survey was performed to evaluate the pollution level of non-sanitary closed landfill bottom soil. Based on this study, the pollution level of studied non-sanitary landfill bottom soil was content with related government law for third area(factory, parking lot, gas station, road, railroad use etc.).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.779-781
• /
• 2010

After preliminary tests indicated an increased number of heterotrophic bacteria, we investigated possible sources of contamination in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) water distribution system. Scanning electron microscopic examination of flexible metallic hoses associated with the system revealed the presence of a biofilm; partial 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the biofilm contained Blastomonas natatoria. Purgation of the water system three times a day, reinforced faucet cleaning, decreasing the cold water temperature to $12^{\circ}C$, and six repeated chlorinations at concentrations as high as 2 mg/l were not sufficient to eradicate the bacterial contamination. Replacing all of the rubber-interior flexible metallic hoses with teflon-lined hoses, followed by heating the water to $70^{\circ}C$, successfully controlled the bacteria.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.683-690
• /
• 2009

The water quality of reservoir can be controled by water quality prediction model because it can not only grasping the present water state but also predicting the water quality in future. In this study, WASP model is used to predict the water quality of Chungju reguration reservoir. This model has some special option which predicts the pollutant outflow phenomenon caused by the contamination sources. So this model is widely used because that can present the scientific basis in this field. This model can help the managers make the right choice of water quality policy. Environmental grade of Chungju reguration reservoir is in III,IV grade which is in bad condition comparatively. The water contamination will be in poor as the year passes. When considering T-N, T-P which are the nutrient to control eutrophication, the concentrated administration about contamination sources is in urgent.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.12 no.3 s.18
• /
• pp.79-90
• /
• 2006

This study was investigated to determine the quality monitoring of distributed materials from Glycyrrhizae Radix (26 samples), Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (24 samples) according to storage period after $1{\sim}3$ year. We have estimated by identification, purity, loss on drying, ash, acid insoluble ash, extract content, essential oil content, assay and microbial contamination. As a result, Glycyrrhizae Radix (26 samples) were satisfied with the standard of K.P. (Korean Pharmacopoeia) and WHO's microbial contamination limit standard. In the Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (24 samples), 2 samples were not satisfied with the standard of K.P.(Korean Pharmacopoeia) and WHO's microbial contamination limit standard. The results make practical application of the basic data for the quality control of herbal medicine in storage.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2009

The main objective was to develop and assess a dynamic fate and transport model for lead in air, soil, sediment, water and vegetation. Daejeon was chosen as the study area for its relatively high contamination and emission levels. The model was assessed by comparing model predictions with measured concentrations in multi-media and atmospheric deposition flux. Given a lead concentration in air, the model could predict the concentrations in water and soil within a factor of five. Sensitivity analysis indicated that effective compartment volumes, rain intensity, scavenging ratio, run off, and foliar uptake were critical to accurate model prediction. Important implications include that restriction of air emission may be necessary in the future to protect the soil quality objective as the contamination level in soil is predicted to steadily increase at the present emission level and that direct discharge of lead into the water body was insignificant as compared to atmospheric deposition fluxes. The results strongly indicated that atmospheric emission governs the quality of the whole environment. Use of the model developed in this study would provide quantitative and integrated understanding of the cross-media characteristics and assessment of the relationships of the contamination levels among the multi-media environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.4 no.4 s.15
• /
• pp.21-26
• /
• 2004

It is muck important to determine the intercepting capacities as measures for reducing the load of contamination influenced by CSOs during wet weather period. Intercepting and treating the whole rainfalls can be best measured for reducing the contamination load, but it is not desirable in view of scale and preservation of the wastewater treatment facilities. This study analyzed the quantity and quality of the water in the combined sewer by method of changing the type and size of drainage basin and intercepting capacities in rainfalls, estimate the influence the other CSOs at the change of planned intercepted quantity, and compared the degree of contamination load between the combined system and separate system by examining the influence of the other CSOs at the change of planned intercepted quantity.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of bee venom according to the keeping method and period. Method : The author observed microbial contamination of bee venom in nutrient agar, broth, YPD agar and YPD media and antibacterial activity for S. aureus, E. coli manufactured 12, 6 and 3 months ago as the two type of room temperature and $4^{\circ}C$ cold storage. Results : 1. 1:3,000 and 1:4,000 diluted bee venom solution did not show microbial contamination both room temperature and cold storage within twelve months. 2. There was antibacterial activity of diluted bee venom for S. aureus in cold storage within twelve months and there was no antibacterial activity of diluted bee venom for S. aureus in twelve months, room temperature storage. 3. We could not observe the zone of inhibition around paper disc of all for E.coli. in 1:3,000, 1:30,000 and 1:3,000,000 diluted bee venom solution, respectively. According to results, we expect that diluted bee venom solution is stable both cold and room temperature storage within twelve months.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.842-848
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of domoic acid (DA) a potent neurotoxin, responsible for the syndrome amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) contamination of various species of bivalve shellfish purchased from fish market in Korea and the implications for food safety. Liquid chromatography (LC) methods were applied to quantify DA in shellfish after sample clean-up using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with strong anion exchange (SAX) cartridges. Toxin detection was achieved using photodiode array ultraviolet (LC-UV) and electrospray ionization-mass (LC-ESI-MS). DA was identified in 4 bivalve shellfishes of 872 shellfishes collected from March, 2006 to October, 2007 in Korea. DA amount of 3 surf clams (Mactra veneriformis) collected at Seoul, Daejeon, and Daegu were 4.13, 1.99, and 1.94 mg/kg, respectively. DA amount of 1 pink butterfly shell (Peronidia venulosa) collected at Seoul was 3.02 mg DA/kg. The amounts of DA that were present in 4 bivalve shellfishes were within EU guideline limits for sale of shellfish (20 mg DA/kg).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.385-394
• /
• 2007

To study long-term characteristics of the heavy metal contamination, soil and sediment samples were collected at 14 sites in highway roadside during 6 years. The total concentrations of metals including Zn, Ni, Cu. Pb, Cr, Cd, and As in those samples were investigated. The results indicate that concentrations of Zn, Ni, and Cu in highway roadside soils are much higher than the metal concentrations in background soils and appear to be increased gradually. Strong linear relationships between the cumulative traffic and the contents of the metals in highway roadside soils were obtained. Therefore, they might be used to predict the heavy metal concentrations in the future highway roadside soils for establishing the countermeasure of soil and sediment contamination.