• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.1 s.97
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• pp.83-90
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• 2005

Intra-block remarshalling is the task of rearranging into some target bays those containers which are scattered around within the block, so that the containers can be loaded onto the ship efficiently. However, if we rearrange the containers without considering the container loading sequence, excessive rehandling work will be required at the time of loading because the containers to be fetched are often stacked under other containers. Therefore, the remarshalling should be done by moving the relevant containers in an appropriate order. This paper presents an efficient heuristic search technique for finding an appropriate container moving order during remarshalling to avoid rehandling at the time of loading. Simulation experiments have shown that the proposed method can generate rehandling-free solutions in real time.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.91-107
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• 2006

This study introduces a software system for supporting the engineering process of container terminals. The design procedure consists of data input, capacity requirements, alternative design, alternative evaluation, and results output. In order to design and evaluate alternatives rapidly, a set of libraries for container terminals was developed. The libraries consist of Wharf, Yard, TravellingArea, and Gate. The architecture of the set of libraries was designed by an object-oriented approach. Various types of container terminal models can be constructed by using a user friendly interface, the CAD based environment, and the combinations of the elements of the libraries. Alternative models can be evaluated by a simulation.

• IE interfaces
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.469-478
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• 2007

Rail transportation terminals play an important role in inland transportation systems, because the operation productivity in the terminals significantly influences the efficiency of the whole transportation systems. This paper addresses a design method of a real rail terminal that satisfies a pre-specified throughput capacity. In order to construct high performance rail terminal, it is shown how design parameters can be estimated systematically. Examples of the design parameters are the number of transshipment tracks, the number of rail cranes, and the number of internal trucks. These design parameters are estimated by using simple equations and the validity of the values of these parameters are tested by using simulation. Furthermore, some iterative correction procedure, which uses the simulation technique and the equations alternately, are proposed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.77-82
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• 2011

The export of the containers consists of two steps, carrying them into the container yard and, then, out to the ship. For the safety of the ship, the heavier container should be loaded at the lower part of the ship. Because of this, the container rehandling happens during carrying out to the ship, and the number of the rehandling container is an important factor for the loading and unloading capability. There has been many studies for utilizing the idle times after loading the containers in the container yard. This study suggests the method of decreasing the number of container rehandling by preprocessing the container using the information about the weight of the container. This method is the preprocessing one which can decrease, during carrying into the container yard, the number of container rehandling which can happen during carrying out to the ship, and, according to the simulation test, it showed to be more effective than other method.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.5 s.121
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• pp.361-368
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• 2007

The storage space requirement is a very important decision variable which determines the storage capacity of a container terminal. Generally, the storage space requirement is dependent upon such factors as ship headway, allowable dwell time of containers, loading/winding time per ship, and so on. Until now, the storage space requirement is estimated under the assumption that the factors are deterministic in several studies. However, this study proposes how to estimate a storage space requirement satisfying the required service level under the assumption that a containership's load size is probabilistic. Numerical experiments, which use a simulation show that the proposed method can estimate more adequately the storage space requirement than other methods under a probabilistic environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.218-219
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• 2011

This paper focuses on dispatching strategy for AGVs(Automated Guided Vehicle). The goal of AGV dispatching problem is allocating jobs to AGVs to minimizing QC delay and AGV total travel distance. Due to the highly dynamic nature of container terminal environment, the effect of dispatching is hard to predict thus it leads to frequent modification of dispatching results. Given this situation, single rule-based approach is widely used due to its simplicity and small computational cost. However, single rule-based approach has a limitation that cannot guarantee a satisfactory performance for the various performance measures. In this paper, dispatching strategy based on multicriteria heuristics is proposed. Proposed strategy consists of multiple decision criteria. A muti-objective evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize weights of those criteria. The result of simulation experiment shows that the proposed approach outperforms single rule-based dispatching approaches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.325-330
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• 2006

The container terminal is the unified transportation system which connects between a land transportation and a sea transportation. This system has many subsystems such as ship operation, yard transfer operation, yard storage system, gate operation, and information manage system. This paper presents a method of modeling a simulator with which user can evaluate the efficiency of the equipment and allocation policies in the container terminal. The final purpose is to estimate the efficiency of each equipments and the distribution policies. In a design step in the simulator development. We suggest the Object Oriented method with which the developer can easily design, because the object oriented method has the advantages of reusability and modularity.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.869-877
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• 2007

This paper proposes a realtime scheduling method using local search algorithm for non-crossable yard cranes in automated container terminal. To take into consideration the dynamic property of yard crane operation and satisfy the real time constraint, the proposed method repeatedly builds crane schedule for the jobs in a fixed length look-ahead horizon whenever a new job is requested In addition, the proposed method enables the co-operation between yard cranes through prior re-handling and re-positioning in order to resolve the workload imbalance problem between the two cranes, which is one of the primary causes that lower the performance of yard cranes. Simulation-based experiments have shown that the proposed method outperforms the heuristic based methods, and the cooperation scheme contributes a lot to the performance improvement.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.501-507
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• 2011

This paper focuses on dispatching strategy for AGVs(Automated Guided Vehicle). The goal of AGV dispatching is assigning AGVs to requested job to minimizing the delay of QCs and the travel distance of AGVs. Due to the high dynamic nature of container terminal environment, the effect of dispatching is hard to predict thus it leads to frequent modification of dispatching decisions. In this situation, approaches based on a single rule are widely used due to its simplicity and small computational cost. However, these approaches have a limitation that cannot guarantee a satisfactory performance for the various performance measures. In this paper, dispatching strategy based on multicriteria heuristics is proposed. The Proposed strategy consists of multiple decision criteria. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize weights of those criteria. The result of simulation experiment shows that the proposed approach outperforms single rule-based dispatching approaches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.385-386
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• 2022

Currently, global developed countries in shipping and logistics establish smart ports by introducing various digital technologies such as automated terminals and sharing platforms. This means that the importance of efficiency throughout the port by improving resource utilization efficiency and minimizing work idle time is increasing. Therefore, this study proposes a yard truck dispatching method of improving resource utilization efficiency. And we analyze the problems of the existing dispatching rules and develop Y/T dispatching algorithm that comprehensively considers related constraints. In addition, the simulation takes into account the terminal congestion based on the operation data of the Busan New Port, it is conducted using the existing dispatch method and developed Y/T dispatching algorithm. And the operational effects of analysis result are evaluated.