• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.786-791
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• 2002

오늘날 컨테이너의 과다한 물동량 증가로 인하여 수작업으로 이루어지는 컨테이너를 처리하는데 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 식별자로 컨테이너를 자동 인식하고 그 결과를 항만 물류처리 자동화 시스템에 적용하고자 하는 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 항만 물류처리 자동화 시스템을 사용하기 위하여 컨테이너의 인식 처리를 자동화하는데 그 방안으로 컨테이너의 RGB를 이용하여 바탕색과 문자색을 검출하고 바탕색과 문자색의 차를 이용해 가장 큰 차이를 보이는 RGB 값 중 하나로 영상을 이진화 하였다. 컨테이너의 식별자를 인식하기 위해서 신경망 알고리즘의 하나인 Back-propagation을 적용하여 기존의 식별자 인식 방법보다 신속하고 정확한 처리가 가능하도록 구현하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.111-115
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• 2001

컨테이너 영상의 문자를 인식하는데 있어 정규화 되어 있지 않은 컨테이너 영상의 문자영역을 추출한다는 것은 어렵다. 색깔. 위치, 글자 크기 등이 정해져 있지 않기 때문에 일정한 규칙으로 찾기는 힘들다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 특성을 고려하여 형태학적인 특성이 아니라 명암도를 조사하여 문자가 분포할 가능성이 있는 후보 영역을 찾고 Canny 에지 추출 기법과 에지 추적 기법으로서 문자가 있는 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 컨테이너의 문자 영역에서 히스토그램 방법을 이용하여 개별 문자를 추출하고 ART 알고리즘을 이용하여 인식한다. 실험 결과에서는 여러 영상에 대해 인식율이 우수한 것을 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.238-242
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• 2004

운송 컨테이너의 식별자를 추출하는 것은 컨테이너 식별자들의 크기나 위치가 정형화되어 있지 않고 외부의 잡음으로 인하여 식별자의 형태가 훼손되어 있기 때문에 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특성을 고려하여 컨테이너 영상에 대해 Canny 마스크를 이용하여 에지를 검출하고, 검출된 에지 정보에서 영상획득 시 외부 광원에 의해 수직으로 길게 발생하는 잡음들을 퍼지추론 방법을 적용하여 제거한 후에 수직 블록과 수평 블록을 검출하여 컨테이너의 식별자 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 컨테이너의 식별자 영역에서 히스토그램 방법과 윤곽선 추적 알고리즘을 각각 이용하여 개별 식별자를 추출한다. 실제 컨테이너 영상을 대상으로 실험 결과, 제안된 컨테이너 식별자 추출 방법이 다양한 컨테이너 영상에 대해 효율적인 것을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06e
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• pp.223-226
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• 2002

Data Acquisition System of Cargo System using a large output X-ray in harbors is usually composed of Detector, Analog Board, Digital Board, Master Board, Backplane Board and Image Construction System. In this paper we have made an image of material in container-box with Data Acquisition System and studied mainly a configuration method and principle to each part of Data acquisition system.

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 1999

Field Emission display (FEDs) require enhancement in both driving methods and process techniques to improve the display image quality. However, from the point of view of manufacturing, it is difficult to find methods and techniques to realize low cost manufacturing. New and simple color phosphor screen designs were suggested with non-crossed electrode lines and full color anode panels for small area displays were demonstrated. To avoid unwanted reaction with gases produced from phosphors in a high vacuum glass container, a very thin polyimide layer was coated on the phosphor screen. Moreover, to improve the display image quality, black matrix composed of inorganic materials was fabricated. This paper describes the performance and characteristics of the new full color anode panels.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.65-79
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• 2003

In general, the extraction and recognition of identifier is very hard work, because the scale or location of identifier is not fixed-form. And, because the provided image is contained by camera, it has some noises. In this paper, we propose methods for automatic detecting edge using canny edge mask. After detecting edges, we extract regions of identifier by detected edge information's. In regions of identifier, we extract each identifier using contour tracking algorithm. The self-generation supervised learning algorithm is proposed for recognizing them, which has the algorithm of combining the enhanced ART1 and the supervised teaming method. The proposed method has applied to the container images. The extraction rate of identifier obtained by using contour tracking algorithm showed better results than that from the histogram method. Furthermore, the recognition rate of the self-generation supervised teaming method based on enhanced ART1 was improved much more than that of the self-generation supervised learning method based conventional ART1.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.89-107
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• 2016

It is a critical problem of the Busan container cargo market that serious competition between the north port terminal and the new port terminal is weakening port of Busan's competitiveness. To avoid this serious competition, Busan Port Authority(BPA) has executed a cargo-rate approval system from last year. However if Busan's container terminal operators do not accept this system, the execution performance will be insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the effect of cargo-rate approval in the Busan container cargo market. To attain this research purpose, the current situation was analyzed and the existing papers were investigated. Therefore, cargo-stabilizing factors were extracted and the moderated effect between these factors and cargo-rate approval was tested. The results are as follows. First, three cargo stabilizing factors-(market structure, market behavior, and BPA)-appear to have a strong positive impact on the stabilizing effect; however, the factors that are handled by the operators can not influence the stabilizing effect. In particular, market behavior factors, such as cargo-rate dumping restriction, contributed to stabilizing cargo market. Second, The results appear to have a strong positive impact on the moderated effect as well as the cargo-rate approval. These research results show that the execution of cargo-rate approval is important in stabilizing the cargo market. Therefore, stabilizing the cargo market will contrubute to improving the image and bargaining power of the Port of Busan.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.5
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• pp.513-518
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• 2003

The quantity of container transportation of the world habors is constantly increasing by 8.8 per year until 2011. Present port facilities will not satisfy it. So facility expansion is necessary. Because the processing cost in the harbor becomes to 30% of total transportation expense, major pors inthe world are making an effort in the automation facilities to solve the problems of higher labor costs and indufficient labor and to maximize the efficiency of the work and use of the land. Especially, the automation of the gate, which is the place of cargo's appearance and disappearance, the node which creates the information, is now rising as the important issue. In this study suggest more efficient design for port gate automation. First, calculate scale of gate complex, and compare of 1 step gate and 2 step, and optimal design for automated operation method of gate process.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.333-344
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• 2020

This research has four specific objectives: (1) identifying factors that affect customer satisfaction with less than container load (LCL) cargo services of logistics companies in HoChiMinh City (HCMC), (2) measuring the level of impact of the factors, (3) testing the difference in satisfaction among groups of customers with different characteristics in terms of type of business and time of using LCL cargo services, and (4) proposing some management implications to improve the quality of LCL cargo services. Researchers interviewed 210 customers who enjoyed the LCL cargo service in HCMC for at least the last six months, using the convenient sampling method. SPSS 20 was used to analyze the reliability of the scale through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, then exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The results identified the six factors that influence positively customer satisfaction of LCL cargo services of logistics companies in HCMC, by decreasing importance: service process, image, resource, price, management, and outcomes. The results show that there is no difference in customer satisfaction with LCL cargo services by types of business as well as time of using services. The research suggests some implications for the management of logistics companies in HCMC to enhance customer satisfaction.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 2010

In recent years, the busan port is now facing a serious crisis. Exterally, though worldwide economics depression is a serious factor, cuttthroat competition between north port and new port since new port open lead to decrease terminal profitability and busan port image. The essential cause is crowed with terminal operators. therefore, This paper empirically analyze the container terminal integration factor solving busan port problem affecting the competitiveness performance. According to research results, integration between operators will be to acomplish global terminal, and so, contribute to increase service power, port productivity, cargoes and to be hub-port at the north-east asia. These results show political suggestions for importance of repid integration to improve busan port's competitiveness.