• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.263-269
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• 2002

Design method for Involute bevel gears is developed. The developed gear design system can design the optimized gear that minimize the number of pinion teeth with face tooth. Method of optimization is MS(matrix search) which is developed from this study. Design variables are pressure angle 20, transmitted power, gear volume, gear ratio, allowable contact stress and allowable bending stress, etc. Design method developed this study can bd applide to the plane, machine tools, automobiles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.44-50
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• 2003

Design method for involute bevel gears is developed. The developed gear design system can design the optimized gear that minimize the number of pinion teeth with face tooth. Method of optimization is MS(matrix search) which is developed from this study. Design variables are pressure angle 20., transmitted power, gear volume, gear ratio, allowable contact stress and allowable bending stress. etc. Gears design method developed this study can be applied to the plane, helicopter, printer, machine tools.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.114-117
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate geometric effect on the contact stress at a lip seal. The geometries of interest were angle, thickness of lip seal and width of contact surface. The contact stress was calculated by using a coupled thermo-mechanical analysis method. The friction thermal load between lip seal and sleeve was adopted to design load. Based on the FEA results, design variables for controlling the maximum contact stress at the lip seal were identified.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.22.2-22.2
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• 2009

Currently, metal silicides become increasingly more essential part as a contact material in complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS). Among various silicides, NiSi has several advantages such as low resistivity against narrow line width and low Si consumption. Generally, metal silicides are formed through physical vapor deposition (PVD) of metal film, followed by annealing. Nanoscale devices require formation of contact in the inside of deep contact holes, especially for memory device. However, PVD may suffer from poor conformality in deep contact holes. Therefore, Atomic layer deposition (ALD) can be a promising method since it can produce thin films with excellent conformality and atomic scale thickness controllability through the self-saturated surface reaction. In this study, Ni thin films were deposited by thermal ALD using bis(dimethylamino-2-methyl-2-butoxo)nickel [Ni(dmamb)2] as a precursor and NH3 gas as a reactant. The Ni ALD produced pure metallic Ni films with low resistivity of 25 $\mu{\Omega}cm$. In addition, it showed the excellent conformality in nanoscale contact holes as well as on Si nanowires. Meanwhile, the Ni ALD was applied to area-selective ALD using octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) self-assembled monolayer as a blocking layer. Due to the differences of the nucleation on OTS modified surfaces toward ALD reaction, ALD Ni films were selectively deposited on un-coated OTS region, producing 3 ${\mu}m$-width Ni line patterns without expensive patterning process.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.82-88
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• 1994

This paper deals with a FEM computation as well as measurement of the contact force and distribution of the temperature in rubber lip seals when the sealing interference between the rotating shaft and the lip edge is present. The study of the contact forces and distributions of the temperature and the sealing contact stress has always been one of the basic steps in the process of designing a lip seal. The calculated FEM results indicate that as the sealing interference increases, the contact force moderately increases compared with decreased sealing interference at the seal lip edge and radically increases the contacting width. And the FEM computation of oontact forces including nonlinear problems has been compared with experimental measurements with good agreement. The frictional heat does not dissipate promptly in the rubber seal lip and tends to accumulate at the contacting lip edge especially.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2011

최근 태양전지의 후면에서 통상적으로 사용되는 Al을 이용한 후면의 BSF형성과 그에 관한 연구보다 계면의 recombination을 줄이기 위하여 passivation 특성이 좋은 층을 후면에 형성하고 국부적으로 BSF를 형성하는 back contact을 형성하여 특성을 향상시키는 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 local back contact을 boron-BSF를 이용하여 형성하고 passivation layer는 oxide를 이용한 구조를 SILVACO 2-dimension simulation을 이용하여 그 특성을 분석하였다. Boron-local back contact 구조에서 boron-BSF의 doping concentration, depth, lateral width, boron-BSF spacing 가변을 통해 태양전지의 특성변화에 대해서 spectrum response를 통한 QE 분석 및 I-V를 분석하여 최적화하였다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.21 no.5 s.168
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• pp.415-423
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• 1983

A total of 202 full coverage crowns from 31 patients was investigated to find out the relationships between crown contour and gingival response. Every experimental crown has its contralateral natural tooth for its control group. Gingival Index and buccolingual width of the crowns were measured on both experimental and control group. Following conclusions were obtained from the study. 1. Most of the crown restorations were overcontoured and the increments were servere at cervical and height of contour area. 2. Height of contour and contact point of the restored crown were located near cervical area. Besides, most crowns had narrow embrasure with wide contact area. 3. Gingival Index around crown restorations was significantly larger than that of control group. 4. the interrelationship between Gingival Index and restored material or restored period was not verified at 5% significant level. 5. When grouping the artificial crowns into overcontoured, normal contoured, and undercontoured group by their width increment, the gingival inflammation was the severest in the overcontoured group and the mildest in the undercontoured group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2005

In this study, the ultrasonic motor which has hollowed cross type stator was designed, and the elastic body of ultrasonic motor was optimized by using a finite element analysis program(ANSYS 9.0). When the length of leg(L) of the elastic body was increased and the width of piezoceramics was decreased, the resonant frequency was increased and the displacement of contact point between the rotor and the stator was increased. However, when the length of the leg was over the 1/3 point of the width of ceramics, the displacement of the contact point was decreased, because the elastic buckle was generated in the leg.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2013

We report on direct finding of how the morphology (i.e. filopodia width) of $CD4^+$ T lymphocytes correlates with the size of the quartz nanohohole arrays (QNHAs, 140, 200, 270, and 550 nm in diameter) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This research exhibits that the filopodia of $CD4^+$ T-lymphocytes extended on the QNHA substrates were observed to increase in width by increasing the size of QNHA in diameter from 140 to 550 nm. This strong linear response ($R^2$=0.988, n = 6) in filopodia's width of surface-bound $CD4^+$ T-cells with topographical structures of QNHA can be explained by contact guidance between the cells and solid-state substrates. Furthermore, this research suggests that the protruded filopodia of surface-bound T-lymphocytes can be used as a biosensor for sensing the topographical information of the nano-patterned substrates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.343-343
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• 2008

Newly designed structure of a thin ultrasonic rotary motor was proposed. Thin brass plate was used as a cross shaped vibrator and eight ceramic plates were attached on the upper and bottom sides of the brass plate as in Figure 1. The thin type ultrasonic motor has the structure adherent piezoelectric ceramic on the top and bottom surface of the thin elastic body. The direction of polarization is decided so as to occur the elliptical displacement in regular sequence at touch point A, B, C and D of stator contacted with rotor. By applying two electric fields which have 90 degree phase difference on the ceramics, each contact points make rotational displacements as in figure 2. Finite element analysis program ATILA was used to find the optimal size of the stator. As a result of the simulation, elliptical displacements of the tips were obtained at off-resonance frequencies. The maximum displacements of the contact tips were obtained at the length of 16[mm], width of 6[mm] and thickness of 0.4[mm]. Changes of the resonance frequencies were inversely proportional to the length of ceramic and proportional to the width of ceramic. Elliptical motions of the contact tips. of the stator were consistently obtained at off resonance frequencies. From a prototype motor, speed of 600[rpm] was obtained at 20[Vrms].