• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2006

Gerotor hydraulic motor is widely used in hydraulic systems due to its low speed, high torque output and compactness in rotational direct driving of a heavy weight. Gerotor is a Planar mechanism consisted of a pair of rotor and circular teeth of stator assembly which forms a closed space, so called a chamber. The motion of rotor relative to the circular tooth is produced by the pressure difference of hydraulic operating fluid between the adjacent chamber. As all active contact points of rotor and circular teeth are subjected to very high sliding friction, a reduction in the performance of the gerotor hydraulic motor can not be avoided. Therefore, the core design parameters of gerotor profile used in hydraulic motors is to minimize a friction force by high contact stresses. The analytical design method of gerotor profile, based on envelope of a family of curves, is proposed. In this study, the influence of the tip clearances on three critical contact points between rotor and circular teeth of stator assembly has been explored by experimental data in this paper. At the same time a improvement method to reduce the friction force is proposed and the tip clearances on three critical points for getting an optimum gerotor profile are also analyzed.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2016

전력의 효율적인 사용과 에너지 절감을 위한 비접촉 전류측정에 대한 요구가 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 무선 비접촉 측정을 가능하게 하는 2개의 결합코일과 전류의 인가에 의해서 인덕턴스가 변화하는 센서코일을 이용한 공진회로를 구성함으로써, 인가되는 전류의 크기에 따라 공진주파수가 변화하는 것을 이용한 비접촉 전류센서를 제안한다. 센서코일의 인덕턴스는 외부에 자석을 부착함으로써 부여되는 바이어스 자계에 의해서 자계(전류)의 크기뿐 아니라 방향을 판단할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 구성한 비접촉 전류측정장치를 이용하여서 -3~+3 A의 전류를 측정하였을 때 18 V의 출력전압변화를 얻을 수 있었으나, 전류에 대한 출력특성은 선형적이지 않았다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 비접촉 전류측정방법(장치)를 보다 현실화시키기 위해서, 향후 출력신호의 선형화와 분해능의 엄밀한 검토가 필요하다.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
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• 제3회(2014년)
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• pp.347-358
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 양자 역학적 분자 동역학(Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical-Molecular Dynamics, QM/MM-MD)을 통해 수용액에 녹아 있는 Potassium Thiocyanate의 dynamics를 연구했다. Umbrella sampling technique을 활용하여 association/dissociation에 해당하는 Free energy surface를 구했다. 두 개의 Free energy minimum이 녹아 있는 두 이온의 center of mass 사이의 거리가 $4{\AA}$일 때와 $5{\sim}6{\AA}$ 부근일 때 나타났으며 $4{\AA}$일 때 더 안정 했다. 본 논문에서는 $4{\AA}$일 때를 Contact Ion Pair(CIP) $6{\AA}$일 때를 Dissociation Ion Pair(DlP)라고 칭했다. 이 minimum들이 무엇인 지를 밝혀 내기 위해 추가 연구를 수행하였다. Free energy 상에서 가장 안정 할 때(CIP) solute인 Potassium thiocyanate의 구조를 살펴 봤더니 Potassium ion은 Thiocyanate ion의 Sulfur보다 Nitrogen side를 선호하였다. 그 원인을 알아보기 위해 salvation shell의 구조를 Radial distribution function을 통해 살펴 봤더니 물 분자가 Nitrogen보다 Sulfur와 더 강한 상호작용을 하고 있었다. 그로 인해 Potassium ion이 Nitrogen을 선호한단 결과가 나온 것이다. 한편, 두 번째 minimum은 물 분자가 Potassium 이온과 Thiocyanate 이온 사이에 flexible하게 bridging을 하는 구조였다. 또한 단순 양자 계산을 통해서도 비슷한 구조를 얻을 수 있었다. 그러나 QM 계산은 0K에서 수행하는 것이기 때문에 엔트로피 효과가 없는 계산이지만 본 연구는 온도 300K로 실제 용매와 가깝게 수행함으로써 고정되어 있는 구조가 아니라 엔트로피와 엔탈피가 균형적으로 존재하는 실제 용액 속에서의 구조를 처음으로 보여주는 것이다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.3851-3866
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• 2015

The dynamic nature of opportunistic networks results in long delays, low rates of success for deliveries, etc. As such user experience is limited, and the further development of opportunistic networks is constrained. This paper proposes a prediction-based routing method for opportunistic networks (PB-OppNet). Firstly, using an ARIMA model, PB-OppNet describes the historical contact information between a node pair as a time series to predict the average encounter time interval of the node pair. Secondly, using an optimal stopping rule, PB-OppNet obtains a threshold for encounter time intervals as forwarding utility. Based on this threshold, a node can easily make decisions of stopping observing, or delivering messages when potential forwarding nodes enter its communication range. It can also report different encounter time intervals to the destination node. With the threshold, PB-OppNet can achieve a better compromise of forwarding utility and waiting delay, so that delivery delay is minimized. The simulation experiment result presented here shows that PB-OppNet is better than existing methods in prediction accuracy for links, delivery delays, delivery success rates, etc.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.591-599
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• 1994

A design system for power transmission bevel gears(straight, zerol, and spiral) is developed, in which the strength and durability of bevel gears can be estimated and the size of bevel gears can be minimized by introducing optimal techniques. The size of bevel gear pair as the object function to be minimized is the volume of equivalent spur gear pair at mean normal section, and the design variables to be determined are considered as the number of teeth, face width, diametral pitch, and spiral angle in spiral bevel gear. The strength(bending strength, pitting resistance) according to the AGMA standards, geometrical quantities, and operating characteristics(interference of pinion, contact ratio, etc.) are considered as the constraints in design optimization. The optimization with these constraints becomes nonlinear problem and that is solved with ALM(Augmented Lagrange Multiplier) method. The developed design method is applied to the example designs of straight, zerol, and spiral bevel gears. The design results are acceptable from the viewpoint of strength and durability within the design ranges of all other constraint, and the bevel gears are designed toward minimizing the size of gear pair. This design method is easily applicable to the design of bevel gears used as power transmitting devices in machineries, and is expected to be used for weight minimization of bevel gear unit.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2008

고온 발전용 열전모듈을 p-type으로는 $Ca_{2.7}Bi_{0.3}Co_4O_9$, n-type으로는 $Ca_{0.96}Bi_{0.04}Mn_{0.96}Nb_{0.04}O_3$을 선택하고 알루미나 기판 위에 1쌍과 2쌍을 제조하였다. 산화물 열전 모듈의 최적화 설계를 위해 먼저 1쌍의 열전모듈의 실험 결과로부터 전극의 접촉저항을 산출하여 2쌍 모듈에 적용함으로써 저항과 출력 특성을 예측하였다. 예측된 2쌍 모듈의 계산 값과 제조된 2쌍 모듈의 실측 값을 비교함으로써 모듈 설계를 위한 접근방법을 검토하였다. 2쌍 모듈의 계산된 저항과 측정된 저항은 각각 $T_h$=833 K에서 0.954 $\Omega$과 1.105 $\Omega$으로 약 0.15 $\Omega$ 정도의 차이로 근접한 결과를 얻었으며, 제시된 방법으로 고온산화물 열전 모듈 제작에 유효하다고 판단된다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1827-1832
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• 2017

본 연구는 산화물반도체의 저항을 이용한 메모리소자를 만들기 위해서 $V_2O_5$ 를 산소가스를 이용하여 증착하고 열처리를 하였다. 산소의 유량이 많을수록 산소공공의 형성을 위하여 높은 열처리온도가 필요하였으며, 산소공공은 쇼키접합을 형성하면서 전기적인 특성이 저항성 메모리소자에 적합한 구조로 만들어지고 있었다. $V_2O_5$ 박막은 열에 의한 이온화 반응에 의하여 산소공공이 형성되었으며, 전압 혹은 전류제어 가능한 저항성 메모리 소자를 위하여 쇼키접합이 +전압과 -전압에서 균형있게 이루어지는 것이 요구되며, 쇼키접합은 150도 혹은 200도에서 열처리가 이루어진 경우 쇼키접합이 잘 형성되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. $V_2O_5$ 음이온인 산소공공은 역방향전압 혹은 순방향 전압인지에 따라서 저항이 변하면서 쓰기/지우기 상태로 전기적인 동작이 이루어졌으며 저항성메모리로서 구동을 하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.353-356
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• 1997

Hydraulically driven manipulators are superior to electrically driven ones in the power density and electrical insulation. But an electro-hydraulic manipulator using hydraulic actuators has many nonlinear elements, and this parameter fluctuations are greater than those of electrically driven manipulator. So this is relatively difficult to realize not only stable contact work but also accurate force control for the autonomous field task such as the maintenance task of high voltage active electric line or the automatic excavation task by hydraulic excavator. In this report, we propose robust force control algorithm, which can be applied to there real field task such as the construction field, nuclear plant and so on. Proposed force controller has the same structure as that of disturbance observe for position control. The difference between force and position disturbance observer is that the input and output of disturbance observer are forces in the case force disturbance observer and the plant varies much compared to the case of position control. In the design of force disturbance observer, generalized plant is derived and the stabilized filter is designed by H infinity control theory to ensure the robuts t stability even though the stiffness of environment changes from sponge to steel, and the contact surface also changes from flat to round shape. Experimental results show that highly robust force tracking by a 6-link electro-hydraulic manipulator could be achieved under various environment conditions.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2020

Recently, interest in technology for eco-friendly energy harvesting has been increasing. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is one of the most fascinating materials that has been used in energy harvesting technology as well as micro-filters by utilizing an electrostatic effect. To enhance the performance of the electrostatic effect-based nanogenerator, most studies have focused on enlarging the contact surface area of the pair of materials with different triboelectric series. For this reason, one-dimensional nanofibers have been widely used recently. In order to realize practical energy-harvesting applications, PVDF nanofibers are modified by enlarging their contact surface area, modulating the microstructure of the surface, and maximizing the fraction of the ν-phase by incorporating additives or forming composites with inorganic nanoparticles. Among them, nanocomposite structures incorporating various nanoparticles have been widely investigated to increase the β-phase through strong hydrogen bonding or ion-dipole interactions with -CF₂/CH₂- of PVDF as well as to enhance the mechanical strength. In this study, we report the recent advances in the nanocomposite structure of PVDF nanofibers and inorganic nanopowders.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2023

In this study, we investigate the tribological behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel pairs under deionized water and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) water dispersion lubrication. The specimen friction and wear properties are evaluated using a reciprocating ball-on-flat tribometer. The coefficient of friction remains nearly constant throughout the test under both lubricant conditions. The wear depth of the specimens under h-BN lubrication is smaller than that under deionized water lubrication, indicating the inhibition behavior of h-BN nanolubricants on direct metal-metal contacts. Optical micrographs and stylus profilometer measurements are performed to evaluate the severity of damage caused by the sliding motion and to determine the wear morphology of the specimens, respectively. The results show that h-BN nanolubricants does not have a significant effect on the friction behavior but demonstrates reduced wear owing to their trapping effect between the sliding interfaces. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy images of the specimens were acquired to confirm the trapping effect of h-BN between the sliding interfaces. The results also suggest that the trapped lubricants can distribute the contact pressure, reducing the wear damage caused by the metal-metal contact at the interface. In conclusion, h-BN nanolubricants have potential as an anti-wear additive for lubrication applications. Further investigation is needed to provide direct evidence of the trapping effect of h-BN nanoparticles between the sliding interfaces. These findings could lead to the development of more efficient and effective lubricants for various industrial applications.