• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.23-28
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• 2023

In a wireless smart utility network communication system, an asynchronous low power MAC is standardized and used according to IEEE 802.15.4e. An asynchronous MAC called RIT (Receiver Initiated Transmission) has a characteristic in which delay time and power consumption are greatly affected by a check-in interval (RIT period). By waking up from sleep every check-in interval and checking whether there is data to be received, power consumption in the receiving end can be drastically reduced, but power consumption in the transmitting end occurs due to an excessive wakeup sequence. If an excessive wake-up sequence is reduced by shortening the check interval, power consumption of the receiving end increases due to too frequent wake-up. In the RIT asynchronous MAC technique, power consumption performance according to traffic load and operation of check-in interval is analyzed and applied to Wi-SUN construction.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to suggest a risk factor that significantly explains foreign currency risk premia. In recent years, some studies have found that the performance of the simultaneous consumption risk model improves considerably when tested on foreign currency portfolios, which are constructed based on the international interest rates differentials. However, this paper focuses on the long-run consumption risk factor. In our empirical research, we found that the real excess returns of high interest rate currency portfolios depreciate on average, when the future American long-run consumption growth rate appears low. This makes the high interest rate currency portfolios have relatively high risk premia. Meanwhile, the real excess returns of low interest rate currency portfolios appreciate on average, under the same conditions, which results in relatively low risk premia for these portfolios. Therefore, this long-run consumption risk factor might explain why low interest rate currencies do not appreciate as much as the interest rate differential, and why high interest rate currencies do not depreciate as much as the interest rate differential. Research design, data, methodology - In our explanation, we provide new evidence on the success of long-run consumption risks in currency risk premia by focusing on the long-run consumption risks borne by American representative investors. To uncover the hidden link between exchange rates and long-run consumption growth, we set the eight currency portfolios as our basic assets, which have been built based on the foreign interest rates of eighty countries. As these eight currency portfolios are rebalanced every year, the first group always contains the lowest interest rate currencies, and the last group contains the highest interest rate currencies. Against these basic eight currency portfolios, we estimate the long-run consumption risk model. We use recursive utility framework and the stochastic discount factor that depends on the present value of expected future consumption growth rates. We find that our model is optimized in the two-year period of constructing the durable consumption expectation factor. Our main results surprisingly surpass the performance of the existing benchmark simultaneous consumption model in terms of R², relatively risk aversion coefficient γ, and p-value of J-test. Results - The performance of our model is superior. R², relatively risk aversion coefficient γ, and p-value of J-test of our long-run durable consumption model are 90%, 93%, and 65.5%, respectively, while those of EZ-DCAPM are 87%, 113%, and 62.8%, respectively. Thus, we can speculate that the risk premia in foreign currency markets have been determined by the long-run consumption risk. Conclusions - The aggregate long-run consumption growth risk explains a large part of the average change in the real excess returns of foreign currency portfolios. The real excess returns of high interest rate currency portfolios depreciate on average when American long-run consumption growth rate is low, and the real excess returns of low interest rate currency portfolios appreciate under the same conditions. Thus, the low interest rate currency portfolios allow investors to hedge against aggregate long-run consumption growth risk.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.343-349
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• 2013

The optimal portfolio selection problem under inflation risk is considered in this paper. There are three assets the economic agent can invest, which are a risk free bond, an index bond and a risky asset. By applying the martingale method, the optimal consumption rate and the optimal portfolios for each asset are obtained explicitly.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.248-251
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• 1999

Recently, according to developing industry and life style, power consumption have been increased year after year. Currently these much power demand from power consumer is weakening the allowable power reverse margin in summer. As on of the remedies about this problem, the small scale grid-connected photovoltaic system is considered for auxiliary power source. Generally, grid-connected inverter have a isolation transformer for electrical isolation from utility. This paper propose transformerless system topology an inquiry the validity using simulation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.301-303
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• 2004

This paper presents an islanding detection algorithm based on the second harmonic. When the DG(distributed Generator) was connected with utility supply, for maintenance and repair of equipment, an islanding occurred. So islanding detection algorithm must be developed for safety of human. Although the DG generating power is similar to power consumption. the proposed algorithm can detect the islanding condition very successfully.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.49-67
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• 2014

This paper proposes a real time pricing model for smart grid considering consumers' behavior, real time price elasticity, and exogenous price. Based on the proposed model, we found the weight of utility over cost is the most sensitive factor compared to other factors. Also, if the electricity price is set to be changed too sensitively to energy consumption, it is warned that real time pricing sometimes can cause increment of peak-time demand and volatility. Finally, real time pricing could be less efficient when the difference between the maximum and the minimum consumption level is small.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 1992

This paper is an experimental study to investigate utility of ultrasonic treatment of fuel oil in diesel engine. Experiment was carrid out to clarify the effect of ultrsonic vibration on the characteristics of maximum pressure, fuel consumption ratio, smoke, BMEP and torque. The result obtained are as follows: 1. In the case of given ultrsonic vibration, the maximum pressure is increased in all experimental conditions. 2. In the case of given ultrsonic vibration, the decrease effect of fuel consumption rate is increased at low rpm. 3. The generation quantity of soots is increased according to load. In the case of given ultrsonic vibration, the decreased quantity of soots does not very according to load. 4. In the case of given ultrsonic vibration, the BMEP and torque are increased at low load.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 1981

This paper develops a short term forecasting model for household electric power consumption in Seoul, which can be used for the effective planning and control of utility management. The model developed is based on exponentially weighted moving average model and incorporates monthly average temperature as an exogeneous factor so as to enhance its forecasting accuracy. The model is empirically compared with the Winters' three parameter model which is widely used in practice and the Box-Jenkins model known to be one of the most accurate short term forecasting techniques. The result indicates that the developed hybrid exponential model is better in terms of accuracy measured by average forecast error, mean squared error, and autocorrelated error.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.487-492
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• 2005

As the portable medical equipments consume the power and transmission of the information, they need the system to use long. Although the current wireless transform systems for medical equipments use Bluetooth protocol system, an electricity consumption is big because it uses long and there is the difficulty in the utility We designed a module using the Zigbee protocol which an electricity consumption is more small though a transmission speed is slower than Bluetooth and drew the plan the wireless transmit system for medical equipments to use long.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.284-291
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• 2018

As environmental pollution has become worse green technologies to replace or reduce consumption of fossil fuel get spotlight from government, industry and academia globally. It is reported that 40% of carbon dioxide emission is caused by electricity power generation. And 37% of end user electricity power is used by residential costumer in US. Smart Grid is considered as one of promising technology to alleviate severe environmental problem. In residential environment, Home Energy Management System (HEMS) can play a key role for green smart home. The HEMS can give several benefits like aslowering electric utility bill, improvement of efficiency of electric power consumption and integration of generator using renewable energy resources. However just limited functions of HEMS can be used for residential customer in real life because of lack of smart function in home appliances and optimal managing software for HEMS. This study provides comprehensive analysis for Home Energy Management System for residential customer. Simple HEMS system with real products on the market are explained and limitation of current HEMS are also discussed.