• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.233-242
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the pattern of tenant layout for selected cases of five different Urban Entertainment Center(UEC) in Seoul. This research deals with the process of gaining tenant layout pattern of 40 different types. It is composed of three combination unit with tenants of the same or different consumption mode, which is divided into four different functions of retail, entertainment, dining, and service. Then, every tenant of research cases is classified as one of the fabric type, and the data is analyzed to gain its frequency rate with SPSS 14.0 program. The following is the overall explanation of the result for this research. The frequency of tenant layout pattern between the same consumption mode shows the high rate when compared to the other patterns with different consumption mode. For example, the frequency rate of tenant layout pattern which retail and dining consumption mode are placed side by side like RRR and DDD is high. Interestingly, the frequency rate of RRR type of tenant layout pattern that sells the similar products shows especially high level. It can provide the effective environment for shoppers to compare retail goods in many different stores as producing synergic effects when they are located near each other, so this strategy should be considered when planning tenants in UEC environment. Moreover, in case of dining tenants, when they are clustered together in the UEC environment it can play a role as an anchor tenant. Tenant layout pattern of dining-retail and dining-service consumption mode shows the high frequency rate than other layout pattern with other consumption mode. Besides, entertainment consumption tenants combined with dining or retail tenants show the high frequency rate when compared to the pattern combined with service consumption mode.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.135-142
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• 2011

This paper proposes a performance evaluation method for power consumption of set-top box (STB) stand-by mode transition schemes. A stand-by mode transition scheme characterizes the timing of mode transition. The timing of mode transition affects the duration of stand-by mode operation, and the power consumptions of STB as well. Recently a fast stand-by mode transition scheme (FMT) has been proposed based on user input for selecting the device to be connected to TV. In this paper, we evaluate power consumption of FMT and a conventional mode transition scheme. For the computation of the duration of stand-by mode operation, the user input events are modeled as Poisson process. Simulation results based on the modeling reveals that the proposed scheme is more effective in power saving than the conventional scheme by up to 30%.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2011

This paper considers a performance analysis of set-top box (STB) power saving schemes. STB converts the signal into content which is then displayed on the television (TV) screen, and there are typically two operation modes: on mode and stand-by mode. The total energy consumption (TEC), a typical measure of power consumption of STB, is defined by the sum of power consumption in each mode. Recently there are some works of STB power saving schemes that transit STB operation modes efficiently, and the mode transition time point of those schemes can be different. Thus it is required to develop a performance evaluation method that reflects mode transition time points of each scheme to get TEC correctly. This paper proposes a performance evaluation method for STB power consumption using Poisson process to consider the mode transition time point. By modeling STB mode transitions as events of Poisson process, the average time duration of STB mode is computed and accordingly the effect of power saving is evaluated. The performance evaluation result shows that the proposed method achieves 1 to 19% improvement in power consumption compared with a conventional performance evaluation method.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 1987

The driving pattern was studied in Seoul along nineteen representative routes using a test car equipped with all the instruments required for recording traffic flow and measuring fuel consumption. Speed histories, gear shift points, instantaneous fuel consumption rates, etc. were recorded and the data were anlyzed to determine the traffic characteristics for Seoul. The Seoul-14 Mode has been developed to simulated actual driving conditions in Seoul with respect to fuel consumption. The average speed of the Seoul-14 Mode is 30.1 Km/h and the Mode length is 11.94 Km.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.27-41
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• 1985

The transportation productivity is the throughput of utility per locations of resources and is able to be brought forth by using transportation mode. Therefore, Oil energy is necessary for using the transportation mode that is mainly consisted of four parts trucks, railroad, ship and aircraft, and Oil quantity used for such modes is not respectively same. Noticing Such a Point, the purpsoe of this paper is to reaserch the transportation mode of convertable cargoes and to minimize energy consumption quantity by adopting such a mode. We must ttend to Energy-Intensity, Transportation, Distance and cargo quantity for selecting the transport mode to energy consumption and the minimization of transportation energy consumption is concluded in the next LP Problem. As above mentioned, we can find the solution of Xij by the LP when Xij is transportation cargo per routes, and fullfil the minimization of Energy Consumption.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.36-45
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• 1984

The relationship between vehicle driving pattern and fuel consumption in urban area was studied in Seoul along three representative routes using a test car equipped with all the instruments required for recording modes of traffic and measuring fuel consumption. Correlation with idle speed, fuel consumption and CO concentration of car in use was also measured. The average vehicle speed in Seoul was 31.4 km/h and the time spent in different modes was 23.0% in idle mode, 22.5% in acceleration mode, 32.4% in cruising mode and 22.3% in deceleration mode, respectively. Hence, traffic flow was suggested to be relatively smooth. Fuel consumption per unit distance, .phi. was closely related with trip time spent per unit distance, t, and correlation coefficient obtained from the test car was 0.925, and the relationship between .phi. and t was also obtained from the linear regression with the following equation. .phi.=42.87+0.38 t. Idle speed of vehicle in use was mostly adjusted low and cars which were over the permissible standard of CO concentration (4.5%) were 50% or more. As the idle speed decreased, the fuel consumption was decreased, while the CO concentration was increased. Therefore, the decrease of fuel consumption can not be expected with only a decrease in idle speed.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.30-40
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• 2010

The hard disk is one of the most frequently used storage in IPTV sep-top box. It has large storage capacity and provides fast I/O speed compared to its price whereas it causes high power consumption due to mechanical characteristics of spindle motor. In order to play streaming data in the set-top box, spindle motor of hard disk keeps active mode and it causes high power consumption. In this paper, We propose an offset-buffering and multi-mode spin-down method to reduce power consumption for streaming data playback. The offset-buffering inspects the user's viewing pattern and performs buffering based on the analysis of viewing pattern. So, it can maintain the status of spindle motor as idle mode for long time. Besides, it can reduce power consumption by spinning down according to offset-buffer size. The experimental result shows that proposed offset-buffering and multi mode spin-down method is about 28.3% and 12.5% lower than the full-Buffering method in terms of the power consumption and spin-down frequency, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.397-398
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• 2013

Fairchild Green Mode off line buck switch for low standby power consumption and high reliability is presented. By reducing operating current and optimizing switching frequency, 20mW power consumption is achieved. High performance trans-conductance amplifier and green mode function improve the ripple and regulation in the output voltage. The conventional $FPS^{TM}$ buck and novel Fairchild buck switch are compared to show the improvement of performance. Experimental results are showed using 2W evaluation board.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-211
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• 2004

We have performed computer simulation to obtain a globa1 optimization of power consumption and viewing angle characteristic of reflective twisted nematic (R-TN) mode liquid crystal display (LCD) with sin81e polarizer and λ/4 plate. Our studies shout that with increasing the twist angle, a steepness of reflectance-voltage curve increase, operation voltages decreases, the region where contrast ratio (CR) greater than 10 increases but the reflectance of the white state starts to decrease at above the twist angle of 75$^{\circ}$. Above the twist angle of 90$^{\circ}$, the R-TN mode LCD shows the most favorable combination of low consumption and good viewing angle characteristic.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.37-43
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• 2008

This paper introduces a high-speed low-power self-timed current-mode logic (STCML) that reduces both dynamic and leakage power dissipation. STCML significantly reduces the leakage portion of the power consumption using a pulse-mode control for shorting the virtual ground node. The proposed logic style also minimizes the dynamic portion of the power consumption due to short-circuit current by employing an enhanced self-timing buffer. Comparison results using a 80-nm CMOS technology show that STCML achieves 26 times reduction on leakage power consumption and 27% reduction on dynamic power consumption as compared to the conventional current-mode logic. They also indicate that up to 59% reduction on leakage power consumption compared to differential cascode voltage switch logic (DCVS).