• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.41-57
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• 2009

Evaluations of fashion products are often influenced by consumers' knowledge of the country where the products were made in. As globalization progresses, country-of-origin information is widely regarded as a powerful cue on consumers' shopping behavior. The purpose of study was to examine the consumer evaluation of apparel products with uni-national or bi-national country of origin. The effect of price level and gender were also investigated. The empirical research design took 2${\times}$2 factorial design with the country-of-origin coincidence (uni-national vs. bi-national) and price (high vs. low) of gender (male vs. female). Consumers' ethnocentrism and country-of-origin interest were taken into account as covariates in the factorial design. The consumers' evaluation of fashion products was measured in terms of brand attitudes and product attitudes. Data from 514 respondents were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and ANCOVA. Results of this study affirmed the importance of price information rather than country-of-origin coincidence in brand attitudes and product attitudes. Only for male consumers, interaction effects of price and country-of-origin coincidence had significant eflects on utilitarian attitude. Effects of two covariate variables included in the study were significant for female respondents but not for male respondents.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.183-195
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the difference of evaluation of product and service quality according to consumers' attitude toward price in internet clothing purchase. This study surveyed 400 male and female consumers in their 20s-30s for empirical analysis in August 2010 who have ever purchased clothing through internet shopping malls. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, ANOVA analysis, Duncan test and cluster analysis are carried out using SPSS for Windows 12.0. The results are as follows. First, consumers' attitude toward price dimensions in internet clothing purchase are found 6 factors of sales proneness, price-prestige, price-comparison, low price, utility value and pricequality. Second, based on the attitude toward price dimensions, consumers are categorized into utility value seeking, sales price seeking, multi-dimension price seeking, lack price consciousness, low price seeking group. Third, there are significant differences in product quality and service quality depending on attitude toward price-based consumer types. In particular, sales price seeking and multi-dimension price seeking groups have higher values on product and service quality than other groups. The results of this study will help internet fashion mall businesses to develop price strategy and manage product and service quality.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.483-497
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• 2016

The importance of marketing on mobile platforms as well as mobile commerce is increasing dramatically in fashion industry. The purpose of this study was to categorize mobile fashion marketing strategies and to examine application usage motivations that influence brand attitude, purchase decisions, and post-purchase evaluation. Qualitative research methods, in particular focus-groups and in-depth interviews, were conducted to examine the typology of mobile marketing and fashion application usage motivations. Then, a modified survey was used to quantitatively examine what content consumers expect from fashion applications. Results of the qualitative study indicated that consumers perceive sensory (visual, tactile, auditory), relationship, information and practical marketing strategies through motives. Survey result from 229 consumers revealed four fashion application usage motives: sensory, relationship, information and practical. Based on these motives consumers were segmented into three groups: the experience/relationship-conscious, the product information-conscious, and the lifestyle information-conscious. The product information-conscious group showed higher level of monthly income and clothing expenses but lower level of mobile device usages. Lifestyle information-conscious group and experience/relationship-conscious group had higher level of attitude, and post-purchase evaluation. It was experience-relationship conscious consumers who spent more time in mobile use. This study shows a better understanding of mobile marketing environment of fashion applications.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.37-46
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• 1991

The objectives of the study were to provide the basis for nutrition education for consumers so that they could select nutritious and balanced fast foods and to promote menu items for fast foods franchisers by addressing nutrition and health. Nine franchisers (3 hamburger, 3 noodles and 3 chicken) were surveyed in terms of their nutritional concern for product development, and 360 consumers were interviewed at 36 fast food chains to assess their perceptions of nutrient adequacy of fast foods. The taste of foods was being addressed most when developing menu items in surveyed franchisers but nutrition and variety of menu were being considered least. Hamburger chain franchisers showed greater nutritional concerns in promoting menu items than noodles or chicken chain restaurants. Their nutritional concerns include utilization of nutritional information as promotion of menu item, providing nutrition information of menu item to consumers, and evaluating nutritional balance of their menu items. As a result of INQ evaluation of combined fast food selected by consumers for a meal, the desirable case of both nutritious and adequate in calorie was 14.7%, nutritious but lack in calorie was 44,1%, adequate in calorie was 24.5%, and undernutritious and lack in calories was 21.6%, 45.7% of snack selected by consumers had more calories than needed for a meal.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-40
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• 2022

Advances in information and communication technology have introduced self-service technologies (SSTs) to service companies, changing the way they serve. In addition, as SSTs are expanding for low cost and high efficiency, opportunities for technology to interact with consumers have increased. Restaurant managers have the advantage of the SSTs win-win strategy, which allows consumers to freely receive the products or services they want, but some consumers have low satisfaction of the SSTs, especially elder people and the blind. This study examines the effect of unmanned order payment technology on service quality evaluation. For this, we interviewed a total of 12 consumers in their 10s to 50s with the experiences of using unmanned order payment technology, applying the Grounded Theory Method(GTM). Through a review of the research participant interview materials, totally 84 concepts were derived and the concepts were analyzed to derive 15 subcategories and 10 upper categories. Finally, a paradigm model of the effect of unmanned order payment technology on service quality assessment was derived. It also found the importance of consumers' sense of obligation to use unmanned order payment technology, recognition of advantages (e.g., time savings), recognition of shadow labor, and recognition of whether the technology usage process is in the service quality assessment stage.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.47-56
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• 2013

Purpose - In the academic literature, the researches on a comparative study on purchase behaviors of the consumers from emerging and mature markets remain limited. Therefore, this empirical study is attempted to examine the effects of country of origin (COO), brand image and corporate image on the purchase behavior of Chinese consumers (as from emerging market) and Korean consumers (as from mature market). Research Design, data, methodology - In total, 615 valid questionnaires were collected from the main cities of China and Korea respectively, and a multiple group analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses with SPSS 16.0 and AMOS18.0. Results - Chinese consumers are not influenced by country-of-origin effect, whereas Korean consumers are sensitive to it. Both Chinese and Korean consumers are sensitive to brand image, whereas corporate image does appear to influence Chinese consumers but not Korean consumers. The effects of country-of-origin are not more influential in less developed market (China) than more developed market (Korea). Conclusions - According to the results of this empirical study, the country-of-origin effect does impact Korean consumers but not Chinese consumers' purchase behavior. Therefore, multinational companies are relatively free to make the decision, if Chinese consumers are the marketing targets, when choosing manufacturing sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1515-1526
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• 2010

Consumer expectations for ethical businesses have become increasingly high in recent years; the fashion industry is working to implement greater corporate social responsibility (CSR). This study establishes the effects of the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR on perceived purchase values. In particular, the process for the evaluation for participation that affect the perceived purchase value through consumer-brand identifications (personal/social) was verified and how the consumer regulatory focuses would influence this process was identified. For this study, an on-line survey was conducted that included a series of filtering questions that measured the level of social concern of respondents. Valid data from 505 female consumers were analyzed for the structure equation modeling. The empirical results suggested that the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR positively affected the two dimensions of consumer-brand identification; personal identification and social identification. In addition, consumer-brand identification played a role as a mediating variable in the path to influence the perceived purchase values of CSR brands. Lastly, there were differences in reactions to CSR activities by consumer groups with different regulatory focuses. The effect of the evaluation for participation in fashion brand CSR was shown to be higher for consumers with promotion focuses than on consumers with prevention focuses. The results of this study will help fashion companies understand the importance of the consumer participation in CSR by having consumers participate in ethical consumption.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.537-548
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• 2009

Consumers' price related response in the clothing purchase decision-making process includes their expectation of price, price perception, attitude toward price and consequent behaviors. The purposes of this research are to systematically organize consumers' price related responses in the clothing purchase decision-making process, and to explain the effect of price on their purchasing. The qualitative research including shopping observation and in-depth interview was conducted. The result identified stages that showed different price related responses in clothing purchase decision-making process, and clarified each stage's characteristics. In the internal search stage, consumers recalled price information from memory and had a specific expectation about the price. This set a direction for the external search. In the external search stage, consumers selected brands or stores by a non-compensatory evaluating with an expectation of the price, and narrowed these down to several determinant alternatives by actively evaluating the products. In case a sufficient amount of price information was not recalled, the consumer established reference price through the external search. Finally, in the purchasing stage, consumers evaluated the determinant alternatives based on their compensatory evaluation. When perception of price was negative, consumers evaluate price combined with the higher criteria of clothing benefits, such as symbolic value and usability. The research is expected to contribute to predicting consumers' responses to price, and to establishing an effective pricing strategy.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.411-418
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of perceived Korea image on the evaluation and purchase intention of Korean apparel products and examine the effect of perceived Korea image on preference of Korean image and Korean apparel brand among Chinese female consumers. As variables of perceived Korea image, marketing stimulus and popular culture elements were included. Data were obtained from 350 Chinese women in the 20s and 30s who were living in Shanghi, China. Data were analyzed by frequency analysis, ANOVA, multivariate regression using SPSS WIN 12.0. The results of this study were as follows. First, the preference of Korea image was significantly affected by marketing stimulus and popular culture (e.g. TV drama of Korea). However, only marketing elements significantly affected on the preference of Korean apparel brands. Second, purchase intention of Korean apparel products was influenced by marketing stimulus, the preference of Korean apparel brands and the evaluation of Korean apparel products. Popular culture element which was main element of Hanliu was not affected significantly to purchase intention of Korean apparel products. As source of Korean brand image for apparel product, Chinese female consumers used more Korean TV drama and entertainers. This study provides an insight into Korean fashion marketers for developing market strategies in China.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1820-1840
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• 2017

Aiming at the phenomenon of false information issued by service providers in cloud computing environment, a method for service evaluation based on fuzzy theory is put forward in this paper. According to the quality of services provided by cloud service providers and their behavior during interactions, a trust relationship between cloud service providers and cloud service consumers is established, which can be quantified by using fuzzy theory. The quality of services is evaluated by drawing on the trust relationship. In our method, the recommendation credibility of a cloud service consumer is determined through behavior similarity with evaluators and a praise factor. The introduction of the praise factor better suits the phenomenon of a high-quality service getting more repeat customers. The negative impact of dishonest customers is reduced, and the accuracy of trust and cloud service quality evaluation is improved by introducing a confidence factor that can be dynamically adjusted. The experimental results show that our method can effectively and accurately evaluate the trust value and service quality of providers, while weakening the influence of dishonest consumers, and quickly detect dishonest service providers. This is beneficial for consumers trying to find high quality service providers for similar services.