• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to compare the subscapularis muscle volume between the intact groups (group I) and supraspinatus tendon tear groups (group T) based on the sex and three different age groups. Methods: Subjects with a group I and subjects with group T without any other lesions were retrospectively evaluated from among patients who received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan between January 2011 and December 2013. The MRI scans were studied by a consultant radiologist. The subscapularis muscle volume was compared according to the age and sex; the age groups were categorized as patients in their 40s, 50s, and 60s. The volume of subscapularis muscle was measured by three-dimensional reconstructed images acquired through the axial section of 1.5T MRI. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between subscapularis muscle volume of the group I and group T, except for male patients in their 50s (group I: $100,650mm^3$ vs. group T: $106,488mm^3$) and 60s (group I: $76,347mm^3$ vs. group T: $99,549mm^3$) (p<0.05). Males had a larger mean volume of subscapularis muscle than females, and the subscapularis muscle volume decreased in a linear manner with increasing age. Conclusions: Decrease in subscapularis muscle volume was observed with increasing age, and the impact of supraspinatus tear on subscapularis muscle volume is age and sex dependent.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.82-89
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to evaluate efficiencies of chemical suppressants for control of fugitive dust in ash pond of thermal power plant. In this study, $MgCl_2$, PAM (polyacrylamide), and PVA (poly vinyl alcohol) that are generally applied to suppression of fugitive dust generated from unpaved road, coal mining, storage piles and etc, were employed as chemical dust suppressants. The coal ash (coal combustion residuals) were sampled from the ash pond of Yeongheung power division in Incheon, South Korea. The characterization of the sample including particle size distribution, pH, $pH_{PZC}$ and pore volume as well as XRF analysis were carried out. The suppressant treated-samples were investigated with the wind tunnel experiments to estimate and compare the effect of suppressants on stabilization of the surface of coal ash samples. According to the results, the stability of suppressant-treated samples were significantly improved compared to water-treated samples. Among the three kinds of suppressants, PAM and PVA showed higher efficiencies and cost saving than $MgCl_2$.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.31-36
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• 2019

Music therapy, a field that convergence music and treatment, which play a fundamental role in personality formation, possesses diverse and complex treatment methods. Music therapists in charge of music therapy may experience the same phenomenon as countertransference in consultation with clients. In addition, experiencing psychological burnout, there are many difficulties in reaching the final goal of music therapy. In this paper, we provide a collaborative filtering-based music therapy consultation data recommendation model for smooth music therapy consultation with clients who visited for music therapy. The proposed model grasps the similarity between the conventional consultation data and the new consultant data through the euclidean distance algorithm. This is to recommend similar consultation materials. Since music therapists can provide optimal consultation materials for consultants who need music therapy, smooth consultation is expected.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.63 no.11
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• pp.433-437
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• 2020

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest preterm birth rate. Preterm infants are more likely than term and normal weight infants to experience neonatal mortality and morbidity due to acute respiratory, gastrointestinal, immunologic, central nervous system, hearing, and vision problems. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a proven cost-effective intervention to help reduce mortality rates among preterm infants; however, it has not been fully implemented in hospitals. Purpose: Assess KMC knowledge and perceptions among health providers. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016 and consisted of 21 in-depth interviews and 3 focus group discussions (FGDs). The 3 categories of health personnel in the study were clinical providers, hospital management representatives, and Indonesian Midwife Association members. Results: Most health providers know about the benefits of KMC including stabilizing temperatures, weight gain, and maternal-infant bonding and reducing human resources and labor costs. They were also aware of which newborns were eligible for KMC treatment. Their knowledge was mostly gained from observation or obtained from pediatricians and personal experience. They believed that a low birth weight infant in an incubator could not be treated with KMC and that it could only be practiced if a special gown was used when holding the baby. This perception could be caused by a lack of formal KMC training, leading to misunderstanding of its aspects. Conclusion: In conclusion, KMC knowledge of clinical providers in the 2 hospitals was sufficient, primarily due to their health-related educational background. Some perceptions could be potential barriers to or facilitate the implementation of KMC practice. These perceptions should be considered in future KMC training designs.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 2021

Various micropiles have been developed through research related to micropiles, which have been carried out with the increased use of micropiles. Among the micropile construction methods being developed, the triaxial micropile (tmp), which is recently developed for the purpose of increasing the horizontal bearing capacity (seismic resistance), is representative. The three-axis micropile has the advantage of a method that can resist horizontal load more effectively because three micropiles installed inclined on each axis resist horizontal load. However, there is a problem in effectively using this pile method due to insufficient research on the support characteristics of the triaxial group micropile. In order to effectively utilize the triaxial group micropile (tmp), it is required to evaluate the bearing capacity for the factors that affect the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile. Therefore, in this study, field horizontal loading Tests were performed for each load direction, field loading Tests were verified through three-dimensional finite element analysis, behavioral characteristics of triaxial micropiles were evaluated, and appropriate horizontal bearing capacity was analyzed in consideration of horizontal load directions.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the local anesthetic effect of tramadol with that of lignocaine in the extraction of immobile (grade 0) maxillary first molars. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, equally balanced, controlled trial conducted on a sample population of 116 patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A (control) and group B (study). Group A and group B participants received 1.8 ml of 2% lignocaine without adrenaline and 1.8 ml of 5% tramadol, respectively through the supra-periosteal infiltration technique before extraction. Intraoperative pain was recorded on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and was evaluated using two unpaired t-tests. Results: Intraoperative pain was evaluated in both the control and study groups. In the control group, the mean VAS score was 0.71 ± 0.81, while in the study group, the mean intraoperative VAS score was 1.21 ± 0.86, with the difference between the two mean values being statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Tramadol has a less potent local anesthetic effect than lignocaine. As a higher dose of tramadol is required to obtain the desired anesthetic effect, it should be used as a supplement to lignocaine in extensive surgical procedures. It can also be used in patients allergic to lignocaine.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2021

The number of trees to be removed trees (ART) in the environmental impact assessment is an environmental indicator used in various parts such as greenhouse gas emissions and waste of forest trees calculation. Until now, the ART has depended on the forest tree density of the vegetation survey, and the uncertainty of estimating the amount of removed trees has increased due to the sampling bias. A full-scale survey can be offered as an alternative to improve the accuracy of ART, but the reality is that it is impossible. As an alternative, there is an individual tree detection using aerial image (ITD), and in this study, we compared the ARTs estimated by full-scale survey, sample survey, and ITD. According to the research results, compared to the result of full-scale survey, the result of ITD was overestimated by 25. While 58 were overestimated by the sample survey (average). However, as the sample survey is an estimate based on random samples, ART will be overestimated or underestimated depending on the number and size of quadrats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.2_2
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• pp.257-262
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• 2022

With the shortage of labor force in small and medium-size industries, the Korean Employment Permit System (EPS) continues to bring migrant workers. However, the question remains of the health and safety management of their migrant workers. Considering that a significant part of safety and health problems are caused by migrant workers due to a lack of information on identifying risk and inexperience in the field. Telephone interviews were conducted to investigate the migrant workers' perspectives on workplace safety practices. The survey focused on workers' accident histories, understanding of safety practices, and responding to industrial accidents. A total of 66 accidents occurred among 30 participants. 10 accidents were not reported to the employer (company), which the foreign workers judged to be minor injuries that should not be reported as accidents. 80.0% of the participants expressed dissatisfaction with the PPE they were using. Among various reasons lack of understanding due to language barriers, lack of awareness of the importance of safety, communication difficulties were major reasons for the caused accidents and potential health issues. It is necessary to improve the safety and health support system by providing practical support through specialized educational institutes with experts in the field. A legal framework and a proper safety management system need to be maintained. This study suggests changing the current policy to improve the health and safety of migrant workers by, establishing specialized educational institutes with locally grown foreign experts in the field.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.389-402
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• 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze the significant impacts of expectations, performance, complaints, and fairness that affect consumer satisfaction. The methodology involves reviewing and referencing relevant literature carefully, then proposing a model for customer satisfaction. This study is empirically based on a survey with 50 respondents who work in the field of import and export in the region stretching from the north to the south of Vietnam. The sampling method used in this study is the in-depth interview method. The results show that: (1) expectation has a specific impact on customer satisfaction, (2) performance has a positive impact on customer satisfaction, and (3) complaint which is an intermediary factor between expectation, performance, and fairness has an impact on satisfaction, (4) fairness has a positive effect on satisfaction, in addition, fairness is an extremely important feature when customers choose an import-export service. Research implies that increasing expectations, performance, and fairness results in an improved customer experience and satisfaction when they use the service. It is suggested that the complaint factor continue to be studied and looked into because it still has some effect on satisfaction and is an intermediate variable that changes how the other factors relate to each other.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.250-264
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• 2022

The development projects subject to health impact assessment (HIA) in the current environmental impact assessment (EIA) system are limited to some projects under Article 12 of the Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Health Act (Additional Assessment Objects Subject to Health Impact Assessment Items), but health impact-related matters are being evaluated and reviewed during consultation. In particular, when a development site is planned around some pollutant sources in a residential development plan, it is evaluated and reviewed whether the site meets the risk criteria through a current concentration survey of major hazardous air pollutants. This study prepared a quantitative method to confirm the validity of the location of the residential area to be developed in the residential development plan and proposed a plan to expand the project subject to HIA within the EIA procedure. A detailed methodology was proposed by reviewing the screening and scoping procedures of the EIA system, and a case analysis of the urban development plan discussed in the past was conducted to verify the methodology.