• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.42-56
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the construction characteristics and the landscaping design skill for Wiyiam at Ongnyucheon(玉流川) in the rear garden of Changdeok Palace focusing on constructing technique, space composition and transformational process of the site. The results of this study were summarized as follows; First, Wiyiam of Ongnyucheon was constructed as garden ornament which was modified the huge bedrock into the shape of the mountain. The waterfall of Wiyiam was originally made of torrent which water flowed into the bottom, but it was reconstructed to take the effect of Inak(離落: the method to drop water from high place) by carving rock into square shape at the era of King Gojong(高宗). Second, main characteristics of Wiyiam appeared in Donggwoldo was the hill built up with a square pond and ground at the back of Wiyiam and the profound scenery of mountains and stream from the view of Wiyiam. Also, pavilions such as Soyojeong(逍遙亭), Cheongujeong and Taegeukjeong(太極亭) built in Ongnyucheon seemed to be constructed as the spots to appreciate the view and waterfall sound of Wiyiam. Also the spots were not bounded by the function of creating special water systems such as Cheongujeong pond and Taegeukjeong pond and showed the outstanding landscape design skill to make people feel unusual interest from each spot. On the other hand, this study considered that the evening scenery of Wiyiam, beautiful sound of falling water, unusual water system with beautiful plant materials were landscaped for the function of the psychological peace and stability to the appreciators. Lastly, the extreme change of space composition in Ongnyucheon was assumed as a strategy to improve the existing poor drain environment by confirming that the mountain stream and wall of Soyojeong were removed and drainage in both side of Soyojeong was installed in the 21th year of King Gojong's reign(1884).

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.237-253
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• 2012

The Mireuksaji stone pagoda is constructed Baekje Period in the 7th century which is located in Iksan, Korea. This stone pagoda designated by National Treasure No. 11 is the only remaining pagoda. This pagoda has lost the original form in part and the whole stonework wase dismantled. Work for the restoration is currently in progress. This study was divided into soil strata such as construct layer of the temple site, foundation layer of the pagoda basement, and construct layer of the stylobate by stratum to interpretation the skill of rammed earth and making techniques. The of physical, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of soil samples were identified. Five pieces of soil in and around the Mireuksaji temple site was selected for the comparative study to interpretate the mutual homogeneity among soil stratum. As a result, artificial addition has not been identified in all soil samples using rammed earth. The soils used for the basement of the stone pagoda (construct layer of the temple site, foundation layer of the pagoda basement, construct layer of the stylobate) were confirmed to be the same origin as soil in and around Mireuksaji temple site. Thus these results indicate that the basement of the pagoda was constructed using soils in and around the Mireuksaji temple site without work as careful selection.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.517-526
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• 2013

Lifelong education promotion business to be the first to promote lifelong education promotion accountable to the governor of the city, the Lifelong Education Act Amendment (2007.12) emphasis on the research area 6 Lifelong Education and Lifelong Education Institute is established if analyzes what Gyeongsangnam-do lifetime policy implications for the promotion of education and implications are derived(through AHP). The results were as follows: occupational skill enhancement education (0.335) as the priority section. The development of life education policy (0.238) is the primary work process that must be initiated for the Gyeongnam life education promotion policy appropriate for the region's situation. This was followed by the development and distribution of life education program (0.148), construction of a connective system between life education organizations within the province (0.139) Raised the need to promote lifelong Education strategies, five core strategic industry linkages through regional industrial policy to keep pace with the flow of business for the Advancement of Education for the development and activation of Gyeongsangnam-do in a lifetime.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.22-46
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• 2007

This article introduces a recent innovation in Korea's human resources development policy in the SW sector. Facing serious problems in cultivating SW engineers such as a mismatch in supply and demand of SW workers, shortage of globally competitive SW professionals, and insufficient education and training of university graduates, the Korean government has decided to adopt a new paradigm in national SW engineering education, based on supply chain management (SCM) in manufacturing. SCM has been a major component of the corporate competitive strategy, enhancing organizational productiveness and responsiveness in a highly competitive environment. It weighs improving competitiveness of the supply chain as a whole via long-term commitment to supply chain relationships and a cooperative, integrated approach to business processes. These characteristics of SCM are believed to provide insight into a more effective IT education and university-industry collaboration. On the basis of the SCM literature, a framework for industry-oriented SW human resources development is designed, and then applied in the case of nurturing computer-software engineers in Korea. This approach is expected to fumish valuable implications not only to Korean policy makers, but also to other countries making similar efforts to enhance the effectiveness and flexibility in human resources development. The construction of SCM-based SW HRD model is first trial to apply SCM into SW HRD field. The model is divided into three kinds of primary activities and two kinds of supportive activities in the field of value chain such as SW HRD Council, SW demand and supply plan establishment and the integration of SW engineering capabilities that contribute the reduction of the skill and job matching through SW HR demand and supply collaboration.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.117-122
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• 2011

Asphalt concrete pavement can be widely seen on urban streets, highways, parking lots, and bike trails. Asphalt concrete pavement is relatively temperature sensitive materials due to the viscoelastic behavior, which can be defined as flexible performance in summer and rigid performance in winter. In terms of maintenance, it can be fixed quite easily if damaged. In addition, asphalt concrete pavement is generally found to be black and grey in color. However, several colors can be adopted to change the appearance of plain old boring, black and grey. Generally, there are two types of color systems in hot mix asphalt concrete materials. One system uses colored cementitious material that is applied to pavement surface through coating the surface of the asphalt pavement. The major disadvantage to this system requires a careful skill set to be used on the construction site in order to prevent taking off the cementitious material. The other coloring system colors the asphalt hot mixtures through using color additives. The main advantage to this system is that the asphalt pavement layer is colored using the same techniques that are already used in paving. The disadvantage is that the colors are limited to mainly reds and browns. In this study, a suggested color additive was evaluated, based on rutting, moisture sensitivity, and fatigue cracking performance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2006

This study has the object of deriving schemes for not only securing safety of chestnuts, which is the most important forest product in terms of both production and exportation, to consumers with implementing persistent production of them in harmony with the environment, but also producing environmentally friendly chestnuts that can contribute to the increase of a farm household's income through price differentiation from other chestnuts, which are grown by generally accepted ways. In order to do this, I performed an analysis of the reality and outcome from the management of farm households that produce environmentally friendly chestnuts. The result of the analysis demonstrated some problems such as poor establishment of farming skills in a beginning stage, administrative problems with weeding operations and prevention of blight, difficulty in ensuring distribution channels and high production cost. Therefore, propelling productive expansion of environmentally friendly chestnuts after resolving these problems requires many supports and ideas: establishment and diffusion of farming skill system under the cooperation of civil and government organizations, construction of environmentally friendly INM (Integrated Nutrient Management) and IPM (Integrated Pest Management), creation of production areas for improving productivity, introduction of 'Institution of Income Conservation for Environmentally-Friendly Production' that can help farmers to preserve integrity of income on their switchover to production of environmentally friendly chestnuts from generally-grown chestnuts, and finally strong and persistent promotion of environmentally friendly chestnuts towards existing farmers and consumers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.4
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• pp.632-639
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• 2015

Working in the forest would require a wide range of skills and experience for specific tasks which involve with a high level of risks to worker's safety. However, there has been a concern on the current standard wage system for forest workers because it does not effectively reflect the characteristics of typical working conditions in the forest. In addition, the current standard wages for forestry workers was estimated based on the construction industry's wage system. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess a current wage system through the mail survey method and to develop a new wage system for forest worker which effectively reflects skill sets and experience required for successful completion of the work in the forest. We mailed the survey questionnaire consisting of 19 questions to 659 forest workers and received 188 responses resulting in a 28.5% response rate. The results showed that the current average optimal wages of forest worker, special worker and feller were 97,680won/day, 127,559won/day and 152,403won/day, respectively though there were variations depending on the regions. In developing the new standard wage system, this study suggest the current work types(worker, special worker and feller) could be divided into 5 work types (forest-environment workers, forest operations in beginner, forest operations in intermediate, forest operations in advanced and forest equipment operator) reflecting specialty of forest operation thereby stabilizing the new wage system for forest workers.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2005

Purpose: The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) curriculum on development of comprehension of basic medical knowledge and quality of semi-structured problem solving including scientific reasoning skill. This scientific reasoning contained five components including: size of simple, design of research cause-effect, construction of risk factor, analysis statistic of data, interpretation of result. Materials and Methods: Seoul National University Dental students (100) participated in this experience during two weeks, 2004. Forty eight multiple-choice questions (MCQ) concerned "Infection Control and Prevention" were asked before and after two sections of Lecture-Based Learning (LBL) and PBL (pretest-posttest control group design). A semi-structured problem in epidemiological research was asked to these students after two sections (posttest-only control group design). Data (mean and SD) were analysed using the t Test for two independent samples (p<.05), comparing PBL versus LBL. Results: Our analyse of scores show no difference between LBL and PBL in the development of comprehension of "Infection Control and Prevention". The quality problem solving (epidemiological research) was significantly different between the two groups (p=.029); specially, two components' scores of reflection on scientific reasoning cause-effect (p=.000) and interpretation of result (p=.001) were significantly better for PBL than for LBL. Conclusion: Theses results indicate that comparing LBL and PBL, PBL curriculum have not been disadvantaged in comprehension of basic knowledge, and have contributed to develop the scientific reasoning in problem solving.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.345-356
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate the safety competency of perioperative nurses and to examine its validity and reliability. The research process included the development of preliminary items through literature reviews and the construct validity examination of the conceptual framework for the preliminary scale. The content validity of the identified items was evaluated by experts, resulting in 30 preliminary items. The participants involved in testing the validity and reliability of the preliminary scale were 377 perioperative nurses. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, parallel analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency. To verify the construction factor of the preliminary scale, exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis were performed, resulting in 3 factors and 27 items. The internal structure of the scale was schematized using confirmatory factor analysis and the goodness of fit of the final research model was very appropriate, as shown by the values of TLI=.90, CFI=.91, RMSEA=.07, and SRMR=.07. The final scale consisted of 27 items and 3 factors including knowledge (6 items), skill (13 items), and attitude (8 items). Cronbach' ${\alpha}$ for the final scale was .94, showing good internal consistency. This safety competency scale can be used for assessing the competency of perioperative nurses regarding patient safety, for developing patient safety studies and for the career development of perioperative nurses.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1900-1906
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• 2008

According as zone of life of big city is expanded by new city development etc.., need special skill master plan compensation which can be systematic for wide area traffic problem solution and confusion expense minimization in the metropolitan area because wide area of capital region traffic is gone continuously and continues. Accordingly, Kyonggi Province suggested rapid-transit railway achievement that can connect Seoul Gangnam in 20 minutes with Dongtan new city recently. MLTM(Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affaris) announced "Capital region railway network improvement plan research services (2007.12)" result that Gangnam High-speed railway route (Suse $\sim$ Dongtan $\sim$ Pyeongtaek) construction for offer High-speed railway service to capital region and Kyonggi southern part area inhabitantses and need to line capacity tribe solution by Seoul-Busan high-speed railway second-stage and Honam high speed railroad completion. Is judged that need examination about wide area rapid-transit railway combined application operation that take advantage of rail track reserve capacity of High-speed railway for utilization efficiency elevation of country and efficient investment of national finance according as High-speed railway and Gangnam rapid-transit railway route that is suggested in Kyonggi Province are overlaped. Therefore, in this research, I wish to quote investment efficiency plan of railroad business by that different kind's train is run in uniformity track by presenting combined application operation plan and working expenses curtailment effect etc. that is optimized through analysis of roadbed and E & M technology condition, intermediate station plan, train operation planning etc. in case of wide area rapid-transit railway and high-speed railway run combined application.