• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.119-127
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• 1999

본 연구는 시멘트를 기초로 하는 준 취성재료를 2개 결합시킨 복합구조체의 파괴거동을 시뮬레이션 하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 작용하중방향에 직각으로 콘크리트와 시멘트를 적층하여 시편을 제작하였고, 비선형파괴해석에서 사용되는 각 구성재료별 파괴계수들을 구하기 위해 콘크리트와 시멘트 각각에 대해 3점휨시험 및 간접인장강도시험을 실시하였다. 시험을 통해 산정한 계수들을 도출한 이론식에 적용하여 복합체로 제작한 시편의 실험 결과치와 비교한 결과, 가상균열이론에 입각한 이론치와 실험결과치는 거의 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 파괴에너지와 강도의 향상은 복합체를 구성하는 구성재료의 적층순서에 크게 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 구조물의 목적에 맞게 복합체를 적절히 배열하므로써 구조물의 취성과 연성을 상승시킬 수 있음을 본 연구를 통해 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.647-654
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• 2012

The goal of this study was to investigate the distribution chart of management and satisfaction through Hanwoo education program and to provide fundamental data and development conformity available on the management and educational program to managers. In this study, we chose 75 managers taking part in Hanwoo education program as pre-test and applied satisfaction for education program to 33 managers randomly selected as post-test. The results of this study are as follows: First, age and academic career had a significant (P<0.05) effect on breeding size, breeding career, sales, and management methods. This may be due to the fact that managers in Hanwoo industry tended to raise academic standards and the age group moved towards young age rather than middle and old ages. However, an academic career was unaffected by sale and management methods. Second, managers who randomly selected the education program showed higher satisfaction about the program and lower or usual interest and intention in the educational environment, incidental facilities, and reviews. In conclusion, to equip the constituent parts of education program with entire propriety and an effective running system, information on breeding size and breeding career for managers in Hanwoo Industry with respect to age and academic career had to be clearly premeditated. It also needed the educational program to look at it from the standpoint of the managers.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권5B호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2012

기후변화로 증가하는 홍수피해를 대처하기 위해 여러 예측 방법들이 개발되고 있다. 홍수예측의 가장 핵심 요소는 홍수예측을 위한 수문모델의 입력자료로 사용하는 강우에 대한 정확하고 신속한 예측이다. 기존의 레이더 강우를 이용한 Nowcasting 보다 더 많은 대응시간을 확보할 수 있는 중소규모의 기후모델인 WRF(Weather Research Forecast)-ARW(Advanced Research WRF)를 소개하고, 이를 한반도 중부지방의 청미천 지역에 적용하려 한다. WRF-ARW의 적용기간은 2006년 7월 11일부터 7월 23일까지이며 이 결과를 청미천 유역에 있는 강우 관측소들(생극, 삼죽, 설성)의 실제 강우관측소의 관측 값과의 비교에 의해 이 강우 사상에 대해 Thomson scheme(미세물리)와 Kain-Frisch scheme(적운형 매개변수)의 조합이 청미천유역에서 가장 적합한 기후물리 조합이며 Mean Absolute Relative Error를 통해 세 개의 강우관측지점이 0.45 이상의 값을 나타내었다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2013

Objective : This article is based on a formula taken from Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber(金匮要略). Shen Qi Pill(肾气丸) is generally used for such deficiency cases as: consumptive diseases, xiaoke(消渴) (waisting, thirst), beriberi, urinary problems during pregnancy, phlegm and so forth, and its main purpose is to treat Kidney Qi depletion, Qi transformation disorders, without obvious hot/cold appearance patterns. Method : Mainly through the literature study of related treatise on IInner Canon of the Yellow Emperor's internal classic(黃帝内经) and The Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber. Result : According to the Yellow Emperor's internal classic, the Kidney has three main functions, storing essence, controlling the waters and holding Qi. Shen Qi Pill's(肾气丸) source formula is intended to supplement even though its constituent herbs aren't the warming type. To reinforce the Qi's transformation ability is considered to be a main function of the kidney organ, and in clinic, diagnosed kidney related problems and its treatment process are mainly associated with warming to help the Qi transforming. Conclusion : Thus recovering the kidneys Qi's transformation function is part of the process to eliminate diseases. Just cause the Kidney is deficient we shouldn't think immediately of using warming supplement herbs.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

Planetary ball mill was used to decrease and control the particle size of excipients. The effects of the weight of sample and the revolution number of mill, and grinding time on the particle size of the ground sample were analyzed by response surface methodology. The optimum conditions for the milling of microcrystalline cellulose were 38.82 g of the weight of sample and 259 rpm of the revolution number of mill, and 45 minutes of grinding time. The predicted value of the particle size at the these conditions was $19.02{\mu}m$, of which the experimental value at the similar conditions was $18.68{\mu}m$. The tensile strength of tablets of single-component powders, such as microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose and starch, binary mixtures and ground binary mixtures of these powder were measured at various relative densities. It was found that the logarithm of the tensile strength of the tablets was proportional to the relative density. A simple model, based upon Ryshkewitch-Duckworth equation that was originally proposed for porous materials, has been developed in order to predict the relationship between the tensile strength and relative density of ground binary tablets based on the properties of the constituent single-component powders. The validity of the model has been verified with experimental results for ground binary mixtures. It has demonstrated that this model can well predict the tensile strength of ground binary mixtures based upon the properties of single-component powders, such as true density, and the compositions. When the tensile strength of the mixture of microcrystalline cellulose hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (90:10) and the ground mixture of them were compared, the tensile strength of the ground mixture decreased widely from 45.3 to 5.6% compared to the mixture in case the relative density of tablets was in the range of $0.7{\sim}0.9$. When the tensile strength of the mixture of microcrystalline cellulose starch (80:20) and the ground mixture of them were compared, the tensile strength of the ground mixture decreased widely from 31.0 to 11.6% compared to the mixture in case the relative density of tablets was in the range of $0.7{\sim}0.9$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1760-1768
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• 2018

The type strain Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis KCTC $3135^T$ was deeply sequenced and annotated, replacing a previous draft genome in this study. The tar and tag genes were involved in synthesizing wall teichoic acids (WTAs), and these genes and their products were previously regarded as the distinguishing difference between B. s. subtilis and B. s. spizizenii. However, a comparative genomic analysis of B. subtilis spp. revealed that both B. s. subtilis and B. s. spizizenii had various types of cell walls. These tar and tag operons were mutually exclusive and the tar genes from B. s. spizizenii were very similar to the genes from non-Bacillus bacteria, unlike the tag genes from B. s. subtilis. The results and previous studies suggest that the tar genes and the tag genes are not inherited after subspecies speciation. The phylogenetic tree based on whole genome sequences showed that each subspecies clearly formed a monophyletic group, while the tree based on tar genes showed that monophyletic groups were formed according to the cell wall type rather than the subspecies. These findings indicate that the tar genes and the presence of ribitol as a cell-wall constituent were not the distinguishing difference between the subspecies of B. subtilis and that the description of subspecies B. s. spizizenii should be updated.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2007

Seasonal changes of tide signal(s), temperature, salinity and current were studied during the years 2004-2005 in the northernmost Gulf of Aqaba, which is under developmental activities, to obtain scientific bases for best management and sustainability. Spectrum analysis revealed permanent signals of tide measurements during all seasons, which represented semidiurnal and diurnal barotropic tides. The other signal periods of 8.13, 6.10-6.32, 4.16 and 1.02-1.05 h were not detected in all seasons, which were related to shallow water compound and overtides of principle solar and lunar constituent and to seiches generated in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba. Spatial and temporal distribution of temperature, salinity and density showed significant differences between months in the coastal and offshore region and no significant differences among the coastal sites, between the surface and bottom waters and between coastal and offshore waters. Therefore, the temporal and spatial variation of water properties in the northernmost Gulf of Aqaba behave similarly compared to other parts. The coastal current below 12 m depth was weak $(3-6\;cms^{-1})$ and fluctuated from east-northeastward to west-southwestward (parallel to the shoreline), which may be related to the effect of bottom topography and/or current density due to differential cooling between eastern and western parts in the study area, and wind-induced upwelling and downwelling in the eastern and western side, respectively. The prevailing northerly winds and stratification conditions during summer were the main causes of the southward current at 6 and 12 m depths with average speed of 28 and $12cms^{-1}$ respectively.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.288-294
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• 1994

추청과 수천 두 품종의 벼에서 얻은 미강에 함유된 총 식이섬유를 AOAC방법으로 정량하였고, acid detergent fiber(ADF) 방법으로 식이섬유의 성분을 분석하였다. 미강의 식이섬유 함량은 25% 이상이었고 대부분 불용성이었다. 미강 식이섬유의 주성분은 헤미셀룰로오스이었으며 상당량의 셀룰로오스와 uronic acid가 특징적으로 함유되어 있었다. 화학적 처리에 의한 가용성 식이섬유(SDF)의 함량과 보수력(WHC)의 변화를 측정한 결과, 산과 알칼리를 연속적으로 처리한 경우에 SDF함량과 WHC가 뚜렷하게 증가하였다. 미강 식이섬유의 기능성을 조사하기 위하여 밀가루에 미강 식이섬유를 여러 가지 함량으로($0{\sim}100%$) 첨가하고 WHC를 측정한 결과, 식이섬유의 첨가량에 비례하여 밀가루의 WHC가 증가하였다. 또한 differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)로 얻은 thermogram으로부터 미강 식이섬유는 전분의 노화를 지연시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this report was to provide the information activity and safety of Yijin-tang by analyzing domestic/international papers and theses about Yijin-tang. Methods : Domestic/international papers and theses related to Yijin-tang were reviewed and analyzed. These papers were then classified by year, experimental method and subject. Results : 1. Administration of Yijin-tang showed therapeutic effects on diseases of the circulatory system such as thrombosis and hyperlipisemia in in vivo experiments. 2. Administration of Yijin-tang reduced hemorrhagic erosion and ulcer by inhibition of gastric juice secretion and protection effect of gastric mucosa in in vivo experiments. 3. Both clinical and basic science researches, Administration of Yijin-tang showed improvement of digestive function by up-regulated of digestive enzyme and gut-regulated protein in plasma levels. Conclusions : Administration of Yijin-tang showed therapeutic effects on diseases of the circulatory system and protection effect of gastric mucosa in in vivo experiments. Furthermore, both clinical and basic science researches, administration of Yijin-tang showed improvement of digestive function.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.246-250
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• 2013

We previously reported that the extract from cuttlebone (CB) has wound healing effect in burned lesion of rat. In present study, the main component of CB extract was analyzed and its wound healing activity was evaluated by using in vitro acute inflammation model. The extract of CB stimulated macrophages to increase the production of TNF-${\alpha}$. The extract also enhanced the production of TGF-${\beta}$ and VEGF, which were involved in angiogenesis and fibroblast activation. The treatment with CB extract enhanced proliferation of murine fibroblast. CB extract also induced the activation of fibroblast to increase the secretion of matrix metalloproteases 1 (MMP1). The constituent of CB extract which has wound healing activity was identified as chitin by HPLC analysis. The mechanism that the CB extract helps to promote healing of burned lesion is associated with that chitin in CB extracts stimulated wound skins to induce acute inflammation and to promoted cell proliferation and MMP expression in fibroblast. Our results suggest that CB or chitin can be a new candidate material for the treatment of skin wound such as ulcer and burn.