• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.310-318
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• 2016

Emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Advanced Driver Assistant System (ADAS) often have image transmission functions with tough constraints, like low power and/or low delay, which require that they adopt line-based, low memory compression methods instead of existing frame-based image compression standards. Bit rate control in the conventional frame-based compression systems requires a lot of hardware resources when the scope of handled data falls at the frame level. On the other hand, attempts to reduce the heavy hardware resource requirement by focusing on line-level processing yield uneven image quality through the frame. In this paper, we propose a bit rate control that maintains consistency in image quality through the frame and improves the legibility of text regions. To find the line characteristics, the proposed bit rate control tests each line for ease of compression and the existence of text. Experiments on the proposed bit rate control show peak signal-to-noise ratios (PSNRs) similar to those of conventional bit rate controls, but with the use of significantly fewer hardware resources.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.124-126
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• 2005

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

Purpose - A growing demand for sustainability reporting has placed pressure on firms with non-financial information that affects firm valuation, growth, and development. In particular, a number of researchers have investigated various topics in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), non-financial information. Prior studies suggest that CSR may affect corporate outcomes like corporate reporting, financial performance, and disclosures. However, the results from prior studies are not clear whether CSR affects corporate outcomes. This is partially due to the measurement issues with CSR. In this study, we examine whether CSR affects the quality of corporate reporting, one of the popular measures in corporate outcomes. We find an evidence that CSR positively affects the quality of corporate reporting. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, we collected a unique dataset of CSR from MSCI. Total 169 firms listed in the Korean Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2014 were collected and analysed with the detailed CSR reports. Using a correlation test, we found a weak association between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting. However, the regression tests provided a strong relationship between CSR and the quality of corporate reporting after controlling for other variables that may affect the quality of corporate reporting. Additionally, we calculated the t-statistics based on heteroskedaticity-consistent standard errors (White, 1980). Results - Before we run the regression test, we sort the measures of the two dependent variables into each rating of CSR (from AAA to CCC). The results indicate that the quality of corporate reporting measured by discretionary accruals and performance-matched discretionary accruals monotonically decrease as the CSR ratings increase. This supports our hypothesis. In the regression tests, the coefficient on MJDA (PMDA) is -0.183 (-0.173) and significant at the 5% level. We can interpret the results as CSR affecting the quality of corporate reporting in positive ways. Other coefficients on control variables are consistent with prior studies. For example, the coefficients on both LOSS and LEV are positive and significant at conventional level, meaning that firms with financial difficulty may harm their quality of corporate reporting. Conclusion - We found an evidence that CSR is positively associated with the quality of corporate reporting. This study contributes to the literature in various ways. First, this study extends the line of CSR research by providing additional evidence in the setting of ethical behaviors by managements. This is consistent with the hypothesis and supports the results of prior studies. Second, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first study using the MSCI CSR ratings. In contrast with prior studies using different measures of CSR, the MSCI CSR ratings allow us to provide in-depth analysis. Third, the additional measure of dependent variable (PMDA) allows us to improve the robustness of our results. Overall, the results provided this study to extend the findings in prior studies by providing incremental evidence.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.61.1-61.1
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• 2016

Black hole (BH) mass is a fundamental quantity to understand BH growth, galaxy evolution, and connection between them. Thus, obtaining accurate and precise BH mass estimates over cosmic time is of paramount importance. The rest-frame UV CIV ${\lambda}1549$ broad emission line is commonly used for BH mass estimates in high-redshift AGNs (i.e., $2{\leq}z{\leq}5$) when single-epoch (SE) optical spectra are available. Achieving correct and accurate calibration for CIV-based SE BH mass estimators against the most reliable reverberation-mapping based BH mass estimates is thus practically important and still useful. By performing multi-component spectral decomposition analysis to obtained high-quality HST UV spectra for the updated sample of local reverberation-mapped AGNs including new HST STIS observations, CIV emission line widths and continuum luminosities are consistently measured. Using a Bayesian hierarchical model with MCMC sampling based on Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm (Stan NUTS), we provide the most consistent and accurate calibration of CIV-based BH mass estimators for the three line width characterizations, i.e., full width at half maximum (FWHM), line dispersion (${\sigma}_{line}$), and mean absolute deviation (MAD), in the extended BH mass dynamic range of log $M_{BH}/M_{\odot}=6.5-9.1$.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.946-949
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• 2005

This paper deals with the algorithm development that inspects defects such as Bright Defect Dots, Dark Defect Dots, and Line Defect caused by the process of LCD(Liquid Crystal Display). While most of LCD production process is automated, the inspection of LCD panel and its appearance depends on manual process. So, the quality of the inspection is affected by the condition of worker. Especially, the more LCD size increases, the more the worker feels fatigued, which causes the probability of miss judgement. So, the automated inspection is required to manage the consistent quality of the product and reduce the production costs. In this paper, to solve these problems, we developed the imaging processing algorithm to inspect the defects in captured image of LCD. Experimental results reveal that we can recognize various types of defect of LCD with good accuracy and high speed.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2021

최근 웹툰이나 애니메이션을 3D 콘텐츠로 제작하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 3D 콘텐츠 제작에서 모델링은 반드시 필요하지만 시간이 오래 걸리는 작업이다. 드로잉 기반 모델링을 사용하여 2D 카툰 원화에서 3D 모델을 생성하기 위해서는 라인 드로잉이 필요하다. 하지만 2D 카툰원화는 3D 모델의 기하학적 특성이 표현되지 않고 카툰원화의 제작 기법이 다양하여 일관성 있게 라인 드로잉 추출이 힘들다. 본 연구에서는 generative adversarial network (GAN) 모델을 사용하여 2D 카툰 원화에서 3D 모델의 기하학적 특성을 나타내는 라인 드로잉을 추출하는 방법을 제안하고 이를 실험한다.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제13D권4호
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• pp.583-592
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• 2006

제품 계열 기반 소프트웨어 개발 방법은 개발 조직이 보유하고 있는 품질이 보장된 핵심 자산의 재사용을 통해 제품의 개발 생산성을 획기적으로 향상시켜 시장 적시성을 맞출 수 있는 실용적이고 중요한 소프트웨어 개발 방법으로 빠르게 자리를 잡아가고 있다. 하지만 제품 계열의 특성 정의, 평가, 예측 및 개선을 위한 측정은 단일 프로젝트에서의 측정과는 달리, 개별 제품의 개발 및 유지를 위한 제품 개발 프로젝트의 수행도 특성뿐만 아니라 제품을 생산하기 위한 핵심 자산의 사용 및 핵심 자산의 개발과 전체적인 제품 계열의 수행도 까지도 고려해야 하기 때문에 무척 힘든 일이다. 따라서 제품 계열의 수행도를 측정하기 위해서는 일관성 있고 반복적이며, 효과적인 접근 방법이 제시될 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 제품 계열의 수행도 특성과 적용 방법의 다양성을 고려한 제품 계열을 위한 컨텍스트 기반 측정 지표의 도출방법을 제시하고 있다. 이 방법은 제품 계열의 측정 지표를 도출하기 위한 세부적인 절차와 작업의 결과로 생성되는 산출물의 양식을 제시하고 있다. 또한 연구 결과의 효과를 제시하기 위하여, 제품 계열의 기술적 관리 영역에 대한 주요 활동을 측정하기 위한 지표와 적용 사례를 함께 제시한다. 다양한 제품 계열 기반의 특성을 충분히 고려하여 제품 계열을 구축하거나 소프트웨어 제품을 생산할 때, 관리하고자 하는 속성을 파악할 수 있는 체계적인 접근 방법은 적용 상황 및 이해관계자의 관점에 따라 원하는 측정 지표를 효과적으로 도출할 수 있도록 한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.577-586
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• 2015

The combination of voltage feedforward and feedback control is a conventional approach for correcting the power factor in single-phase ac-dc boost converters. The feedback duty ratio increases significantly with an increase of the line frequency and input inductance. Therefore, the performance of the conventional approach is highly dependent on the bandwidth of the feedback controller. As a result, the input power quality can be significantly exacerbated due to uncompensated duty ratios if the feedback controller is limited. This paper proposes an input impedance and current feedforward control method to reduce the control portion of the feedback controller. The findings in this paper are 1) the theoretical derivation and analysis of variations of line frequency and input inductance on a power factor correction approach, 2) guaranteed consistent performance in a wide range of conditions, and 3) that a low switching frequency can be utilized by the proposed method. A MATLAB/Simulink model and a 1.2kW dual boost converter are built to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.42.2-42.2
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• 2013

We investigate the cosmic evolution of the black hole mass-bulge luminosity relation with a sample of 52 moderate-luminosity AGNs at $z{\simeq}0.36$ and $z{\simeq}0.57$, corresponding to look-back times of 4 and 6 Gyrs. By employing robust multi-component spectral and structural decomposition methods to the obtained high-quality Keck spectra and high-resolution HST images, black hole masses ($M_{BH}$) are estimated from the Hbeta broad emission line with the 5100A nuclear luminosity, and bulge luminosities ($L_{bul}$) are derived from the surface photometry. Based on these consistent measurements, we constrain the redshift evolution of the $M_{BH}-L_{bul}$ relation by performing the Monte Carlo simulations designed to account for selection effects. We provide implications of our results in terms of the black hole-galaxy co-evolution and discuss possible bulge growth mechanisms.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2000

This study intended to analyze the effectiveness to obtain by developing the critical pathway presented as the method to improve the quality-betterment and cost effectiveness the through the continuous and consistent patient management for the hysterectomy patient and applying it to the real practice. This study was designed to develop and effect the critical pathway for hysterectomy patients in the way to be possible the intergrated in patient management. It was adopted the process of seven phase to develop a critical pathway. To analyze the application effect of the developed critical pathway, this author offered health care service applying the critical pathway to the hysterectomy patient from July. 20 to Oct. 19. 1999. The study method had been done by investigating the experimental group and control group through the questionnaire on 40 patients who had been inpatient hysterectomy. Dependent variables were measured by modified from satisfaction, and cost and length of hospital stay. The data anlyzed by frequency, x2-test, t-test. The results of this study was as follows; 1. It was decided that the vertical line of the critical pathway was made up of eight items such as monitoring/assessment, treatment, activity, medication, consult. Lab test, diet, patient teaching and horizontal line was 7days from admission to discharge. 2. After the verifying the validity of the expert group about the critical pathway, the horizontal line was amended from hospitalization to five postoperative days and taking their consensus, some contents of the horizontal line was amended and deleted. 3. There was no significant differences in the experimental group and control group in the satisfaction, and significant differences in the cost, the length of hospital stay.