• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.738-751
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• 2023

The Sembilan Archipelago is famous for its great biodiversity, in which the humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) (locally named Napoleon fish) is the primary commodity (economically important), and currently, the environmental degradation occurs due to anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to examine the eco-environmental parameters and assess their influence on the abundance of humphead wrasse and other coral reef fish compositions in the Sembilan Archipelago. Direct field monitoring was performed using a visual census throughout an approximately one km transect. Coral cover data collection and assessment were also carried out. A coastal water quality index (CWQI) was used to assess the water quality status. Furthermore, statistical-based analyses [hierarchical clustering, Pearson's correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)] were performed to examine the correlation between eco-environmental parameters. The Napoleon fish was only found at stations 1 and 2, with a density of about 3.8 Ind/ha, aligning with the dominant composition of the family Serranidae (covering more than 15% of the total community) and coinciding with the higher coral mortality and lower reef fish abundance. The coral reef conditions were generally ideal for supporting marine life, with a living coral percentage of about > 50% in all stations. Based on CWQI, the study area is categorized as good and excellent water quality. Of the 60 parameter values examined, the phytoplankton abundance, Napoleon fish, and temperature are highly correlated, with a correlation coefficient value greater than 0.7, and statistically significant (F < 0.05). Although the adaptation of reef fish to water quality parameters varies greatly, the most influential parameters in shaping their composition in the study area are living corals, nitrites, ammonia, larval abundance, and temperature.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.44-61
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• 2015

The research on the conservation of the movable modern and contemporary cultural heritage have been actively performed internationally since late 20th century. In this study, the international research trends of movable modern and contemporary cultural heritage conservation in last decades were analyzed. Setting up the range of the period, research papers were collected through various databases based on the systematic literature review process. Samples of 45 domestic papers and 505 foreign papers were classified by materials as books and paper, metals, textiles and fibers, photographs and audio-visuals, woods, plastics and ceramics and glass. The types of treated artifacts, detailed materials of the treated artifacts, and the research subjects were investigated from each paper. The data were compiled statistically and analyzed. Number of papers are published domestically in the book and paper conservation and metals conservation fields, but there are needs for more diversified artifact types and extensive research subjects. The researches in foreign countries are active in conservation of organic materials such as paper, textile and photographs and deal with various research subjects on not only treatment techniques and elemental analysis but also preventive conservation and conservation ethics. It is expected that this study would contribute to the field as a preliminary data on the conservation of modern and contemporary cultural heritage.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.34
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• pp.32-48
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• 2013

This study examined the applicability of deterioration monitoring techniques to establish efficient conservation and management system for stone cultural heritage which conservation treatment has been done. It was confirmed that deterioration mapping combined with photography and grid work, and adhesive tape test for the surface were very applicable to investigate the surface change due to deterioration, and assess the degree of granular disintegration quantitatively. The portable microscopic survey and ultrasonic measurement were efficient techniques to observe mineral looseness and microcrack, and to track the strength change of the stone before-and-after the conservation treatment. These techniques can be easily used by manage practitioners in the field through simple guidance and technical education. Also, it can contribute to build a long-term and methodical conservation and management system of the stone cultural heritage.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.30
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• pp.203-215
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• 2009

In the conservation treatment of wood remains, polymers, treatment methods, and treatment period can be varied, depending on the percentage of moisture content and species of trees. Thus, in order to apply the appropriate conservation treatment, a lot of information from the wood remains are required. Despite the information from the wood remains, testing a part of the wood remains is necessary to get information about the polymers. When the wooden coffin made of camphor trees was excavated, it was cracked in the section of radiation, and there were hairlines cracks. Therefore, without any conservation treatment, it is impossible to restore it. This experiment is for the conservation treatment of the wooden coffin excavated from Songhyun-dong tombs No 7, Changnyeong. For this experiment, I used camphor trees from Jejudo. The purpose of this experiment is to asses the possibility of preliminary testing materials before the conservation treatment on the wooden coffin. After the camphor trees from Jejudo are artificially aged by Fenton's reagent, they are As a result of oxidation by Fenton, the degree of oxidation is high in proportion to the amount of peroxide and iron sulfate. Among several samples, the sample 'na' made the most similar result to the wooden coffin from Songhyun-dong. If I use this condition to make the sample in polymer tests, it is very helpful to find the most suitable polymer for the conservation treatment of wooden coffin. After the same species of trees are oxidized by Fenton and they become the similar condition, we are able to find suitable methods of conservation treatment. The suitable methods reduce the demage of the remains and make us to get more information. Thus, we are able to carry out conservation treatment more exactly.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.36
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• pp.86-96
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• 2015

From the Asia Cooperation Program on Conservation Science(ACPCS) of National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH), I gained conservation and management experience and knowledges which are highly applicable at the Vat Phou World Heritage site. Firstly, Check list, Mapping, Tape Test and Digital Image Analysis are simple and useful methods which can be introduced to the site directly. If we can get chance to learn more about GIS program, GIS based Database Management System would also be very liable to put into practical use since the site office has been already using the program for general purpose. Lastly, there are more other methods which can diversify the studies on cultural heritage conservation in Laos; Rebound Hardness Test, Ultrasonic Test, Infrared Thermography, XRF Analysis and Hyperspectral Image Analysis etc. To realize those research however, new equipments are needed along with proper education so more cooperation between Korea and Lao would be essential.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.179-184
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• 2005

Materials used for repairing and restoring both pottery and porcelain are practically organic, which makes the analysis procedure difficult in the course of time. It is, however, important in the field of conservation to analyze the material applied in the past. In consequence, this research will examine the components of the restoration materials collected in the process of ceramic conservation: the fillings using SEM-EDS and FT-IR; retouching materials; the adhesive used between the filling and retouching material.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.271-274
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• 2010

The Ministry of Environment of South Korea has launched its plan to establish the National Ecological Institute. An International Symposium and Workshop was held at Ewha Womans University in Seoul on Thursday, 30 September 2010, to strengthen international cooperation, networking and partnerships for the conservation of biodiversity. This symposium was attended by experts of many major institutions for biodiversity conservation from South Korea and overseas. At the symposium and workshop preceded by a keynote speech by the renowned primatologist and conservation biologist Jane Goodall the participants discussed a wide range of topics including "biodiversity conservation: in situ and ex situ approaches", "conservation of species diversity and ecosystem management", and "international cooperation for biodiversity conservation and research". As a basis for future discussions, this article summarizes how the National Ecological Institute might contribute most effectively to public life and environmental management in South Korea and worldwide. It addresses the following issues: governance and funding, synergies within Korea, participation in international networks, external advice, a broad view of ecological issues, research agenda, building on identity, public outreach, and training the next generation of scientists.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.138-156
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• 2023

Some of the metal cultural heritage that make up a considerable proportion of Korea's cultural heritage have been installed and displayed outdoors due to their own functions, roles, and scale. Therefore, more diverse and complex damages can occur outdoors than they are in a stable environment. Therefore, it is necessary to combine accurate diagnosis and systematic survey methods in order to utilize basic data obtained from research results as data for the long-term and continuous conservation management as well as to do the research to diagnose the conservation status of outdoor cultural heritage. The clepsydra(hereinafter referred to as Jagyeongnu) of Changgyeonggung Palace, the National Treasure has been installed and displayed outdoors since it was manufactured. Though regular conservation and maintenance of the Jagyeongnu have been carried out, damage still occurred. Therefore, the scientific research on Jagyeongnu to diagnose the state of conservation was conducted prior to the full-scale conservation treatment. First, the state of conservation was investigated with an examination of basic data, macroscopic inspections and past records of repair history according to the purpose of the research. More detailed examinations were also conducted through the 3D scan, surface pattern investigation, and color difference analysis, and the analysis on materials and contaminants were conducted through P-XRF, FT-IR, and Py-GC/MS. The scientific research reveals that squalane and silicone oil have been applied in the past for conservation treatment and directly exposed to outdoor environmental factors, which caused damage to Jagyeongnu and contaminants such as dust adhered thickly to its surface, accelerating severe damage. A greater incidence of damage was found around the part with relatively high exposure effect, which corresponded with the tendency identified by grouping color difference data. As a result of integrating various research methodologies to diagnose the state of conservation and secure basic data, the causes and types of damage were identified. Furthermore, the process of obtaining digital data to be utilized in various ways, and the color difference analysis presenting visible damage as scientific data and identifying the tendency of damage patterns were confirmed to have been effective.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.35
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• pp.87-98
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• 2014

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR-ATR) was applied to chemical analysis for conservation status of 10 human bone remains from Joseon Dynasty. The result of crystallinity index (CI) is $4.25{\pm}0.78$, carbonate to carbonate ratio (C/C) is $0.91{\pm}0.04$ and cabonate content (C/P) is $0.19{\pm}0.06$. The higher histological index (HI) confirmed CI and C/P value was increased and C/C value was reduced. While C/C or C/P values analysis is possible. While DNA analysis can be extracted from the bone, C/C values are lower or C/P values are higher was found to the analysis is possible. Chemical assessment of FTIR and histological index consequence is expected to be applicable as a basis for comprehensive understanding of the conservation status excavated bones.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.160-173
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• 2013

This research aims to understand the precise character of relics based on literature search and material analysis of the jade excavated from the first buried place of King Jung-jo, and to assess the level of damage through non-destructive diagnosis. Furthermore, scientific conservation treatment was used to restore the original shape of the excavated jade. According to literature search, the excavated jade is known to be jasper, but material analysis showed that it was as a serpentine with the mineral composition of antigorite. Infrared thermography analysis to assess deterioration showed that the internal damage is the result of the interstices developed along the boundary surface of the obtained jade. For conservation treatment of the damaged area on the surface, the jade was filled with a mixture of plaster and glue, and covered with a mixture of acrylic paint and gloss medium for protection, and color was adjusted.