• 보존과학연구
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• s.15
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• pp.137-147
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• 1994

This article is an introduction to : ICCROM PAPERCONSERVATION COURSE 1993" which I participated in, from July 28th 1993 to September 24th. The program was divided into two major sections. The first part deal with scienctific principles of paper conservation, covering structure and composition of paper and related materials, causes of deterioration and guidelines for preservation. It include chemistry for paper conservators and the history and technology of papermaking. Second part of the course emphasize practical conservation ; participants actually work together with specialists. Two weeks are dedicated to the Western approach to paper conservation. A selection of recent conservation treatments are discussed methodologically, demonstrated and performed. The same amount of time are devorted to a seminar on the conservation of fareastern paper objects. The aim is to exporse participants to different approrches and methodologies in paper consevation, to compare and discuss various tendencies and to learn lessons from other experiences that are applicable to one's own work.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.30
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• pp.149-155
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• 2009

Annals of the Joseon Dynasty were composed of 1,229 volumes, and the 475 copies of total annals were wax-treated. Compared to non-wax treated copies, waxed volume of annals were seriously damaged such as crack, stick, discoloration to brown or black, and partially degradation. It is believed that the purpose of wax treatment for some volumes in the annals of the Joseon Dynasty is to prevent paper to deteriorate and to keep for the long time. But, beeswax could be deteriorated itself more rapidly. As a result, the waxed volume was much more damaged than non-waxed volume. Therefore, the investigation of decomposition and deterioration mechanism of beeswax-treated paper which might be used in waxed volume of the annals of the Joseon Dynasty must be done in order to prevent further decomposition and to restore the degraded wax-treated copies of the annals. For basis data of this purpose, physical properties of beeswax-treated paper be analyzed by coating methods. In result, sample products was manufactured reproducibility in lab scale. Specially, beeswax-treated method improved a orientation of papers. And the brushing method was stronger than the dipping method.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2017

Production of spring wheat, the major crop in Mongolia, accounts for 98% of the cultivated area. Understanding genetic variability in existing gene bank accessions is critical for collection, conservation and use of wheat germplasms. To determine genetic diversity and population structure among a representative collection of Mongolian local wheat cultivars and lines, 200 wheat accessions were analyzed with 15 SSR markers distributed throughout the wheat genome. A total of 85 alleles were detected, with three to five alleles per locus and a mean genetic richness of 5.66. Average genetic diversity index was 0.69, with values ranging from 0.37-0.80. The 200 Mongolian wheat accessions were mainly divided into two subgroups based on structure and phylogenetic analyses, and some phenotypes were divergent by the subgroups. Results from this study will provide valuable information for conservation and sustainable use of Mongolian wheat genetic resources.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2007

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.23-24
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• 2007

• 보존과학연구
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• s.31
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• pp.173-202
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• 2010

Within the framework of the Mongolian-Korean Joint Project for "Research and Preservation of Cultural Heritage", I enrolled in 3 months training course from February to May 2010 at the Metal laboratory of Conservation Science Division in National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Korea. Some metal artifacts, which are preserved in Institute of Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, were brought and restored there. These chosen findings were found at Gobi and mountainous region of Mongolia, preserved under the different circumstances and dated back to Middle Age from Bronze Age. At the Metal laboratory of the NRICH, the conservation work was carried out for three months on 15 metal objects, including arrowhead, stirrup, caltrop, axe, knife, ring and so on, which were found at Khugshin Teel's ruin of Khairkhandulaan soum of Uvurkhangai province, Ungut of Altanbulag soum of Tuv province, Baruun Naran and Ukhaa khudag of Khankhongor and Tsogttsetsii soums of Umnugobi province. The report of the result of this conservation work is available here.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.405-418
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• 2016

Farmland conservation function of 'The Farmland Act' has been being weakened according as farmland conservation system came to the dualizing condition. Overall land use issues including farmland are determined by 'The National Land Planning Act'. In this process, much farmland has been disappeared unilaterally. Above all, 'The National Land Planning Act' recognized farmland as land for development rather than looking in conservation perspective. Formulating with a 'urban(rural) plan', 'The National Land Planning Act' brings means and development methods in a variety of setting. So 'The Farmland Act', the center of farmland conservation system, lose an effect of its conservation functions. Farmland is a kind of facility made with heavy investment for agricultural purpose definitely. Therefore conversion of recognition that farmland must not be undermined indiscriminately in dimension such as urban planning facilities.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.313-315
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• 2016

An aged (14 years old) female snow leopard exhibited renal calculi and pyelonephritis at necropsy. The animal experienced appetite loss, mild diarrhea, polydipsia, and difficulty breathing, and was curled up and staggering on its hind legs 2 days before death. Large calculi were found obstructing both sides of the renal pelvis. The left-side calculus was larger than that of the right side. These calculi had rough surfaces and were $15{\times}21mm$ and $9{\times}14mm$, respectively. The bladder was filled with dark, cloudy urine. Multiple ulcerous lesions were found in the inner layer of the bladder. Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabili were identified via microbiological examination of the urine. Under microscopic examination, urine struvites were observed in the pyuria sediment in the bladder. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of nephrolithiasis in a captive snow leopard.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.549-556
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• 2018

In November 2011, various artifacts were excavated from the No. 8 stone-lined tomb in Suchon-ri, Gongju by the Chungnam Institute of History and Culture. These included artifacts with lacquered mainframe and silvery metal ornament. These were recovered together with soil and underwent conservation treatment. In this paper, we discuss the scientific analysis and conservation treatment of the lacquered artifacts excavated from the Suchon-ri site. Among our findings is that the artifacts have three layers of lacquer coating and the metal parts are primarily composed of Ag. As the artifacts were recovered with soil from the site, the soil was removed from underneath and inside the artifacts. The inside of the lacquerware was reinforced with rayon paper using 3% funori, and the metal was treated with acrylic resin after removing the acrylic resin previously used to recover the artifact, followed by cleaning. The metal was also internally reinforced with gauze. Finally, the interior reinforcement was made using PVA and resin in pulp and attached with funori to preserve the shape of the lacquerware, and the exposed rayon was finished with acrylic paint. The main advantages of this study are its review of conservation treatment strategies for lacquer artifacts whose numbers have recently increased, and the application of new conservation treatment methods.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.30
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• pp.79-91
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• 2009

Stone cultural heritages are mostly situated in field, so they are damaged from mechanical, chemical and biological weathering, and their degree of strength is also weaken. Therefore, the scientific conservation of the stone cultural heritages are necessary in order to the long-term maintenance and safety conservation. In this study, we attempt to estimate on the field application of consolidants which are Wacker OH 100, Remmers KSE 300 and 1T1G according to the quality of the rocks. Based on the ultrasonic velocity, conditions of weathering damage before treatment are mainly ranked completely weathering condition (CW) or partly highly weathering condition (HW). After the first treatment, weathering damage conditions are changed by the high weathering condition (HW). These results shows that the internal pores of stone are filled with consolidant materials, so average ultrasonic velocities increases after treatment. And Remmers KSE 300 which is consolidant material is highest rate of increase of average ultrasonic velocities.