• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.469-485
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• 2010

The present research investigated the influence of the enlistment motivation on an image of military organization, soldier's stress, a confidence of social life after discharge from military service and military life satisfaction in Korean military service. Participants of this research were 257 soldiers (121 conscript Army soldiers and 136 voluntary Marines) from 2 companies in the army and 2 companies in the Marine Corps located in South Korea. Results of this study showed that 1) conscript Army group(M=2.39, SD=.71)had a significantly higher score than voluntary Marines group(M=1.95, SD=.63)in extrinsic enlistment motivation. On the contrary, Marines group(M=4.16, SD=.76) had a significantly higher score than Army group(M=3.62, SD=.87) in intrinsic enlistment motivation. 2) Enlistment by intrinsic motivation has positive influence on the military life. Result of Regression analysis showed that enlistment by intrinsic motivation significantly predicted a military life satisfaction(𝛽=.402, t=6.424, p<.001), a confidence of social life(𝛽=.528, t=9.836, p<.001), and an image of military organization(𝛽=.494, t=8.486, p<.001). On the other hand, enlistment by extrinsic motivation has negative influence on the military life. Result of Regression analysis showed that enlistment by extrinsic motivation significantly predicted the soldier's stress in military life(𝛽=.415, t=6.642, p<.001), and no confidence of social life(𝛽=-.177, t=-3.306, p<.001). These results suggest that Korean military needs to focus on enhancing intrinsic enlistment motivation of young men of conscription age before conscription by educating, and advertising etc. And also, we discuss that Korean military needs to consider how to boost intrinsic motivation of military life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2022

In the early 2000s, the rapid decline in the fertility rate resulted in a decrease in military resources to maintain the conscription system. In addition, there has been a further decline in the fertility rate in recent years. So, it is necessary to efficiently utilize military resources to prepare for future problems. The Republic of Korea Navy is planning to reduce the number of crew to operate the newly built warships to prepare for this trend of decreasing in troop resources. However, if the number of crew is reduced without reviewing the appropriate number of crew for the operation of the warship, a bigger problem may be encountered in the future. In order to solve this problem, research is being conducted to examine whether the number of crew aboard a warship is appropriate using simulation. However, it is difficult to create a crew simulation model due to the lack of detailed data related to crew operation. In this study, to solve this problem, a method of generating quantitative data using qualitative survey results was suggested, and the process of creating a crew simulation model was performed using this.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.147-152
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• 2023

The South Korean military has undergone four changes in operating methods since its inception with 31 nursing officers in August 1948. While it initially began as a special unit for nursing and other specialized services, it later expanded to include various fields including technology, administration, and special forces. However, analysis shows that there have been few significant changes in how it operates and remains largely centered around technology, administration, and special forces. With the development of advanced science and technology and a decrease in military resources, there is a need for the South Korean military to proactively expand its use of female personnel, as has been done by the US military, Canadian military, Israeli military with female conscription, and Norwegian military. In order to achieve this, there needs to be a cultural shift towards co-ed military units, improvements in facilities and equipment, adequate pay and benefits, and resolution of childcare issues through institutional reforms.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.114-118
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study is to confirm whether brain disease or brain trauma actually affect psychopathology in young male group in Korea. Methods : The authors manually reviewed the result of Korean military multiphasic personal inventory (KMPI) in the examination of conscription in Korea from January 2008 to May 2010. There were total 237 young males in this review. Normal volunteers group (n=150) was composed of those who do not have history of brain disease or brain trauma. Brain disease group (n=33) was consisted of those with history of brain disease. Brain trauma group (n=54) was consisted of those with history of brain trauma. The results of KMPI in each group were compared. Results : Abnormal results of KMPI were found in both brain disease and trauma groups. In the brain disease group, higher tendencies of faking bad response, anxiety, depression, somatization, personality disorder, schizophrenic and paranoid psychopathy was observed and compared to the normal volunteers group. In the brain trauma group, higher tendencies of faking-good, depression, somatization and personality disorder was observed and compared to the normal volunteers group. Conclusion : Young male with history of brain disease or brain trauma may have higher tendencies to have abnormal results of multiphasic personal inventory test compared to young male without history of brain disease or brain trauma, suggesting that damaged brain may cause psychopathology in young male group in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

Objective : There are few published studies which have documented psychopathological abnormalities in patients with of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychopathological influence of AIS in Korean 19-year-old males. Methods : The authors compared the Korean military multiphasic personal inventory (KMPI) military profiles of 105 AIS cases (more than 10 degrees of Cobb's angle without surgical treatment) with the KMPI profiles of 108 normal controls. The AIS group was split depending on Cobb's angle to further evaluate this relation by the severity of AIS. Results : A significantly decreased result on the faking-good response scale and an significantly increased result on the faking-bad response were observed in the AIS group compared to the control (p<0.012). The neurosis scale results, including anxiety, depression and somatization symptoms, were significantly increased in the AIS group compared to the control (p<0.010). The severity level of personality disorder and schizophrenia were also significantly increased in the AIS group (p<0.010). Differences in KMPI scale scores were not related to the severity of AIS. Conclusion : Young males with AIS tend to have abnormal results on the multiphasic personal inventory test compared to normal volunteers, suggesting that AIS may be related to psychopathology in the young male group in Korea. Although these psychopathology in AIS were differently observed compared to normal controls, but not interfered with military life. Clinicians are recommended to pay attention the psychopathological traits of patients with AIS.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 2008

The necessity for the investigation of death occurred in military services has no differences to the death of civilians. But the death of military service members under the Universal Conscription System in Korea has special considerations because of hard accessibility by the bereaved family and closed environment of the army. The analysis of the death occurred during military service was carried out and the advanced death investigation system to prevent the death was proposed to prevent the declination of fighting spirit and efficiency and also to restore the solid support by the people. The deaths in the period 1995~2006 were 330 persons in 1995, 359 persons in 1996 and were decreased to 135 persons in 2006. The death caused by safety accidents including vehicle accident, drowning, fall were 56% and by military crimes including suicide, arms, homicide were 44%. The numbers of suicides were 108 persons in 1995 and were decreased to 79 persons in 2006. The numbers of suicides were decreased constantly, but the ratio of suicide to death were increased, so the suicide prevention is more important. The autopsy ratio was increased to 51.5% in 2005 and was much higher compared to the ratio for civilians. The main reasons of complaints by the bereaved family were for regaining reputation, death in harness and reinvestigation of death. The proposals for the advanced death investigation system were as follows. The unnatural deaths including the obvious accidental deaths and homicides have to be defined by the rules. The human resources to perform the autopsy can be supported by the forensic pathologists from medical school. The special training and quality assurance programs are needed for the crime scene investigator. To regain the impaired reputation from the suicide and to support the bereaved family has to be discussed by the government.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.501-505
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• 2010

Objective : This study was undertaken to compare the diagnostic performances of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR myelography (MRM) and myelography in young soldiers with a herniated lumbar disc (HLD). Methods : Sixty-five male soldiers with HLD comprised the study cohort. A visual analogue scale for low back pain (VAS-LBP), VAS for leg radiating pain (VAS-LP), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were applied. Lumbar MR, MRM, and myelographic findings were checked and evaluated by four independent radiologists, respectively. Each radiologist was asked to score (1 to 5) the degree of disc protrusion and nerve root compression using modified grading systems devised by the North American Spine Society and Pfirrmann and the physical examination rules for conscription in the Republic of Korea. Correlated coefficients between clinical and radiological factors were calculated. Interpretational reproducibility between MRI and myelography by four bases were calculated and compared. Results : Mean patient age was $20.5{\pm}1.1$. Mean VAS-LBP and VAS-LP were $6.7{\pm}1.6$ and $7.4{\pm}1.7$, respectively. Mean ODI was $48.0{\pm}16.2%$. Mean MRI, MRM, and myelography scores were $3.3{\pm}0.9$, $3.5{\pm}1.0$, and $3.9{\pm}1.1$, respectively. All scores of diagnostic performances were significantly correlated (p < 0.05). However, none of these scores reflected the severity of patients' symptoms. There was no statistical difference of interpretational reproducibility between MRI and myelography. Conclusion : Although MRI and myelography are based on different principles, they produce similar interpretational reproducibility in young soldiers with a HLD. However, these modalities do not reflect the severity of symptoms.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.453-459
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• 2022

A decrease in fertility rates causes problems such as decrease in the working-age population, and has a significant impact on national policies. Currently, the Republic of Korea has a conscription system that imposes military service on all men over the age of 18. However, the transition to the volunteer miliatry system is emerging as a social issue due to the decrease in the fertility rate. In this paper, news articles and comments searched for through the keyword ' volunteer miliatry system' were collected to analyze the social perception of the volunteer miliatry system from 2018, when the fertility rate dropped to less than 1. Some of the collected comments were labeled, and emotional levels were calculated through deep learning models. Through this study, we found that awareness of recruitment system conversion did not increase as the decrease in the fertility rate, and it was confirmed that people's interest is gradually increasing.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.56-64
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlated factors of high myopia in 19 year-old men in Southeast Korea. Methods: This retrospective study was based on the medical checkup data of conscription during 2005. The study subjects were 19 years old men in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnam-do. The health checkup data of the conscripts consisted of noncycloplegic autorefraction test, the biometric data and social factors. To analyze the social and biometric effects, we classified the biometric factors into 4 or 5 groups and the social factors into 3 groups. High myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of under -6.0 diopter. Data analysis was performed using the chi square test for trends and multiple logistic regression analysis. The SAS(version 9.1) program was used for all the analyses. Results: The prevalence of high myopia was 12.39% (6256 / 50 508). The factors correlated with high myopia were the residence area (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.77 to 2.4 for small city; OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.72 to 2.34 for metropolis; the reference group was rural area), academic achievement (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.34 to 1.53 for students of 4-and 6-year-course university; the reference group was high school graduates & under) and blood pressure (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.16 for hypertension; OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.17 for prehypertension; OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.20 for hypotension; the reference group was normal blood pressure). Conclusions: More than one tenth of the young men were high myopia as one of the risk factor for visual loss. Further studies on high myopia and its complications are needed to improve eye health in Southeast Korea.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.188-211
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• 2006

This study aims to empirically investigate the effects of the individual-level characteristics on their timing decisions for their enlistments even though military services are their duties under a draft system. The individual characteristics considered include five psychological factors, such as attitude, uncertainty, information search level, future expectation, and perceived risk towards army, and other several demographic variables. Measurement scales for these psychological variables are developed and a duration model for individuals' enrollment timing decisions is also proposed. The proposed model is fitted to a survey data set collected from both those who have completed military service and those who have not. The estimation results show that two of five psychological variables, negative attitude and perceived risk, and several demographic variables, including education level, income level, residence area, and the number of family members serving the army, have meaningful impacts on the timing decisions for military service. Specifically, the enlistment timings are found to be more delayed as negative attitude towards army is stronger, perceived risk on army is higher, education level is higher, academic performance is better, income level is either low or high, residence area is either Seoul or big cities, and the proportion of family members enlisted is smaller. Several important managerial implications for alleviating problems resulting from enrollment postponements are also discussed.