• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.480-490
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• 2013

Purpose: This descriptive study was done to identify effects of perceived organizational support (POS) on job involvement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in hospital nurses. Methods: Data were collected from Oct. 1 to Nov. 15, 2011. Participants in this study were 324 nurses working in 6 general hospitals in S, K, and C cities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: POS was positively correlated with job involvement, and OCB (altruism, conscientiousness, courtesy, sportsmanship and civic virtue). Factors influencing job involvement were POS and marital status, which accounted for 15.7% of the variance, marital status influenced altruism, which accounted for 4% of the variance, POS influenced conscientiousness, which accounted for 10% of the variance, religion and marital status influenced courtesy, which accounted for 6.5% of the variance, age influenced sportsmanship, which accounted for 7.9% of the variance, and POS and clinical career influenced civic virtue, which accounted for 23.1% of the variance. Job involvement mediated on the relation between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that hospital administrators should explore ways of improve POS for better job involvement, conscientiousness, and civic virtue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.102-108
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• 2016

As a range of accidents happen frequently in our society due to safety insensitivity, researches on individual psychological characteristics related to safety behavior and on safety education are increasing. However, safety behavior research that targets university students as potential employees remains rare. Therefore, this research investigates individual characteristics and psychological factors that affect safety behaviors of university students. Research participants were 131 university students (80 males, 51 females) from the Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam areas. Psychological characteristics (self-regulation, cognitive failure, conscientiousness, and emotional stability) were included as variables that may predict university students' safety behaviors (habits, compliance, mistakes, and violations). The major findings of the study are as follows. Stepwise regression analysis showed conscientiousness was a major predictor explaining safety habits and safety compliance; Cognitive failure and emotional stability were main predictors explaining safety mistakes, and self-regulation was a major predictor explaining safety violations. These findings suggest that development of proper education programs focusing on individual characteristics would allow systematic improvement of safety behaviors of university students.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 2011

Objectives: Stressors in nursing put high demands on cognitive control and, therefore, may increase the risk of cognitive failures that put patients at risk. Task-related stressors were expected to be positively associated with cognitive failure at work and job control was expected to be negatively associated with cognitive failure at work. Methods: Ninety-six registered nurses from 11 Swiss hospitals were investigated (89 women, 7 men, mean age = 36 years, standard deviation = 12 years, 80% supervisors, response rate 48%). A new German version of the Workplace Cognitive Failure Scale (WCFS) was employed to assess failure in memory function, failure in attention regulation, and failure in action exertion. In linear regression analyses, WCFS was related to work characteristics, neuroticism, and conscientiousness. Results: The German WCFS was valid and reliable. The factorial structure of the original WCF could be replicated. Multilevel regression task-related stressors and conscientiousness were significantly related to attention control and action exertion. Conclusion: The study sheds light on the association between job characteristics and work-related cognitive failure. These associations were unique, i.e. associations were shown even when individual differences in conscientiousness and neuroticism were controlled for. A job redesign in nursing should address task stressors.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.1454-1463
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• 2021

Demographics, personality traits and attitudes are related to safety behaviors in varied workplaces, but their roles in nuclear power plants (NPPs) have not been fully understood. This study was conducted to explore the roles of a set of demographic, personality and attitudinal factors on self-reported safety behaviors (including safety participation and human errors) among NPP commissioning workers. Survey data were collected from 157 Chinese commissioning workers. Results showed that age and work experience were significantly associated with human errors, but not with safety participation. Neuroticism and conscientiousness were significantly related to human errors, while neuroticism, conscientiousness and agreeableness were significantly related to safety participation. Attitude towards questioning was observed as an antecedent of safety participation, and functioned as a mediating variable in the relation between conscientiousness and safety behaviors. The findings provide evidence-based implications on the design of diverse interventions and strategies for the promotion of safety behaviors in NPPs.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.109-116
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• 2022

This study attempted to explore how the perception of the necessity of safety education for adolescents affects fire safety consciousness and whether personality factors control the relationship. To this end, a survey was conducted at a high school in region C, and data of 1,049 people who agreed to the survey and responded faithfully were used for analysis. Hayes' macro was used to analyze the moderating effect, and as a result of the analysis, adolescents' awareness of the need for safety education increased, and their relationship was significantly regulated by extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness among the five personality factors. A simple regression line analysis was conducted to find out the specific direction, and it was found that the higher the need for safety education in both the group with high extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness, the higher the awareness of safety education. These results suggest that changes in educational methods and contents are needed to raise awareness of the necessity of education in fire safety education and to improve educational motivation, and that it may be helpful to actively utilize students' personality strengths in education.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.49-64
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational virtue and leader member exchange on workplace-incivility by reducing workplace incivility. And second, to examine how incivility in the organization will affect affective commitment. Third, the effect of conscientiousness on the relationship between workplace-incivility and affective commitment in the organization is examined. In this study, 234 domestic workers were surveyed and their hypotheses were verified for empirical study. This study revealed that organizational virtue and leader member exchange had negative effects on workplace-incivility, and organizational incivility also had negative effects on affective commitment. In addition, the relationship between workplace-incivility and affective commitment in the organization showed that the lower the degree of conscientiousness in personality, the stronger the negative effect of workplace-incivility on affective commitment. Therefore, this study suggests that empirical studies show causal relationship between workplace-incivility and affective commitment in the organization. In addition, the moderating effect of conscientiousness on the relationship between workplace-incivility and affective commitment was demonstrated, and it is meaningful that the effect of organizational virtue, leader member exchange relationship and affective commitment is demonstrated empirically.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.108-129
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• 1998

Many empirical research surveys have su, pp.rted that Organizational Citizenship Behavior(OCB) is influenced by or closely related with leadership styles. The primary purpose is to test the moderating effects of structural factors (formalization, centralization) and personal factors(growth needs, sex, age, tenure, rank, occuption, school carrer) between 2 leadership styles and 2 OCB factors. For the analytical purpose of this article, Fisher's Z-transformation and SGC(split groups correlations) methods were introduced. Generally 2 leadership styles are found to influence on altruism and conscientiousness respectively. Out of 36 cases, only 2 cases were significant in moderating effects. Based on empirical results, there is no moderating effects in conscientiousness. But altruism is found to more closely related with employee-centered leadership in low centralized group than in high centralized group, and more closely related with job-centered leadership in low growth-needs group than in high growth-needs group.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.53-58
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• 2018

Preschool teachers' relationships at workplace is an important component that affects the work performance of caring and educating young children. This study investigated the connection between preschool teachers' personality traits and their relationships at workplace. The participants were two hundred and eighty two teachers in 55 preschools and asked to answer the survey questionnaires. Two research questions were investigated; (1) are there correlations between preschool teachers' personality traits and their relationships at workplace? (2) do preschool teachers' personality traits affect their relationships at workplace? The results showed that preschool teachers' personality traits were correlated with their relationships at workplace; neuroticism showed a negative correlation while the other four (extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) showed positive correlations with relationships at workplace. In addition, preschool teachers' personality traits had effects on their relationships at workplace in overall. Especially, neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were revealed as significantly influencing personality traits on preschool teachers' relationships at workplace.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.47-61
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• 2011

This study aimed to analyze the influential relation among personality traits, self-esteem and life satisfaction of the elderly and to analyze the differences in the conceptual variables according to demographic factors. The survey was conducted from January 10 to February 20 in 2011, and the participants were 282 seniors over the age of 60 in Gangwon province areas. As a result, the personality traits of the elderly were classified into openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion. There were partially significant differences in the personality traits, self-esteem and life satisfaction according to demographic factors. The personality traits such as openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion had a positive impact on self-esteem and satisfaction of positive life. The neuroticism of personality traits had a negative impact on satisfaction of positive life, while it had a positive impact on satisfaction of negative life.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.24 no.68
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• pp.37-50
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• 2001

Although the study of OCB has increased greatly in recent years, a little works have focused on the relationship between leadership and extrarole behavior, and the moderating effects of the situational factors on the relationship between two factors. For the analytical purpose of this article, Fisher＇s Z-transformation and SGC(split groups correlations) methods were introduced. Generally 2 leadership styles are found to have influenced on altruism and conscientiousness respectively. Out of 36 cases, only 2 cases were significant in moderating effects. Based on empirical results, there is no moderating effects in conscientiousness. But altruism is found to be more closely related with employee-centered leadership in low centralized group than in high centralized group, and more closely related with job-centered leadership in low growth-needs group than in high growth-needs group.